From a29f9a676a6ea3bad56ede05cd1a1c82ffbbe8e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: pliablepixels <pliablepixels@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 10 Apr 2016 10:47:35 -0400
Subject: #219 - everything upgraded

Former-commit-id: 15f58d10df83feda8199a1b904433e625ef36b44
---
 www/lib/angular/angular.js | 6056 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 4203 insertions(+), 1853 deletions(-)

(limited to 'www/lib/angular/angular.js')

diff --git a/www/lib/angular/angular.js b/www/lib/angular/angular.js
index f7442c0b..5e6fb2c3 100644
--- a/www/lib/angular/angular.js
+++ b/www/lib/angular/angular.js
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * @license AngularJS v1.4.3
- * (c) 2010-2015 Google, Inc. http://angularjs.org
+ * @license AngularJS v1.5.3
+ * (c) 2010-2016 Google, Inc. http://angularjs.org
  * License: MIT
  */
 (function(window, document, undefined) {'use strict';
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ function minErr(module, ErrorConstructor) {
       return match;
     });
 
-    message += '\nhttp://errors.angularjs.org/1.4.3/' +
+    message += '\nhttp://errors.angularjs.org/1.5.3/' +
       (module ? module + '/' : '') + code;
 
     for (i = SKIP_INDEXES, paramPrefix = '?'; i < templateArgs.length; i++, paramPrefix = '&') {
@@ -188,29 +188,9 @@ var REGEX_STRING_REGEXP = /^\/(.+)\/([a-z]*)$/;
 // This is used so that it's possible for internal tests to create mock ValidityStates.
 var VALIDITY_STATE_PROPERTY = 'validity';
 
-/**
- * @ngdoc function
- * @name angular.lowercase
- * @module ng
- * @kind function
- *
- * @description Converts the specified string to lowercase.
- * @param {string} string String to be converted to lowercase.
- * @returns {string} Lowercased string.
- */
-var lowercase = function(string) {return isString(string) ? string.toLowerCase() : string;};
 var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
 
-/**
- * @ngdoc function
- * @name angular.uppercase
- * @module ng
- * @kind function
- *
- * @description Converts the specified string to uppercase.
- * @param {string} string String to be converted to uppercase.
- * @returns {string} Uppercased string.
- */
+var lowercase = function(string) {return isString(string) ? string.toLowerCase() : string;};
 var uppercase = function(string) {return isString(string) ? string.toUpperCase() : string;};
 
 
@@ -230,7 +210,7 @@ var manualUppercase = function(s) {
 
 // String#toLowerCase and String#toUpperCase don't produce correct results in browsers with Turkish
 // locale, for this reason we need to detect this case and redefine lowercase/uppercase methods
-// with correct but slower alternatives.
+// with correct but slower alternatives. See https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/11387
 if ('i' !== 'I'.toLowerCase()) {
   lowercase = manualLowercase;
   uppercase = manualUppercase;
@@ -267,20 +247,25 @@ msie = document.documentMode;
  *                   String ...)
  */
 function isArrayLike(obj) {
-  if (obj == null || isWindow(obj)) {
-    return false;
-  }
+
+  // `null`, `undefined` and `window` are not array-like
+  if (obj == null || isWindow(obj)) return false;
+
+  // arrays, strings and jQuery/jqLite objects are array like
+  // * jqLite is either the jQuery or jqLite constructor function
+  // * we have to check the existence of jqLite first as this method is called
+  //   via the forEach method when constructing the jqLite object in the first place
+  if (isArray(obj) || isString(obj) || (jqLite && obj instanceof jqLite)) return true;
 
   // Support: iOS 8.2 (not reproducible in simulator)
   // "length" in obj used to prevent JIT error (gh-11508)
   var length = "length" in Object(obj) && obj.length;
 
-  if (obj.nodeType === NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT && length) {
-    return true;
-  }
+  // NodeList objects (with `item` method) and
+  // other objects with suitable length characteristics are array-like
+  return isNumber(length) &&
+    (length >= 0 && ((length - 1) in obj || obj instanceof Array) || typeof obj.item == 'function');
 
-  return isString(obj) || isArray(obj) || length === 0 ||
-         typeof length === 'number' && length > 0 && (length - 1) in obj;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -300,7 +285,7 @@ function isArrayLike(obj) {
  *
  * Unlike ES262's
  * [Array.prototype.forEach](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-15.4.4.18),
- * Providing 'undefined' or 'null' values for `obj` will not throw a TypeError, but rather just
+ * providing 'undefined' or 'null' values for `obj` will not throw a TypeError, but rather just
  * return the value provided.
  *
    ```js
@@ -377,7 +362,7 @@ function forEachSorted(obj, iterator, context) {
  * @returns {function(*, string)}
  */
 function reverseParams(iteratorFn) {
-  return function(value, key) { iteratorFn(key, value); };
+  return function(value, key) {iteratorFn(key, value);};
 }
 
 /**
@@ -423,6 +408,12 @@ function baseExtend(dst, objs, deep) {
       if (deep && isObject(src)) {
         if (isDate(src)) {
           dst[key] = new Date(src.valueOf());
+        } else if (isRegExp(src)) {
+          dst[key] = new RegExp(src);
+        } else if (src.nodeName) {
+          dst[key] = src.cloneNode(true);
+        } else if (isElement(src)) {
+          dst[key] = src.clone();
         } else {
           if (!isObject(dst[key])) dst[key] = isArray(src) ? [] : {};
           baseExtend(dst[key], [src], true);
@@ -535,10 +526,10 @@ function identity($) {return $;}
 identity.$inject = [];
 
 
-function valueFn(value) {return function() {return value;};}
+function valueFn(value) {return function valueRef() {return value;};}
 
 function hasCustomToString(obj) {
-  return isFunction(obj.toString) && obj.toString !== Object.prototype.toString;
+  return isFunction(obj.toString) && obj.toString !== toString;
 }
 
 
@@ -737,9 +728,13 @@ function isPromiseLike(obj) {
 }
 
 
-var TYPED_ARRAY_REGEXP = /^\[object (Uint8(Clamped)?)|(Uint16)|(Uint32)|(Int8)|(Int16)|(Int32)|(Float(32)|(64))Array\]$/;
+var TYPED_ARRAY_REGEXP = /^\[object (?:Uint8|Uint8Clamped|Uint16|Uint32|Int8|Int16|Int32|Float32|Float64)Array\]$/;
 function isTypedArray(value) {
-  return TYPED_ARRAY_REGEXP.test(toString.call(value));
+  return value && isNumber(value.length) && TYPED_ARRAY_REGEXP.test(toString.call(value));
+}
+
+function isArrayBuffer(obj) {
+  return toString.call(obj) === '[object ArrayBuffer]';
 }
 
 
@@ -779,7 +774,7 @@ function isElement(node) {
  * @returns {object} in the form of {key1:true, key2:true, ...}
  */
 function makeMap(str) {
-  var obj = {}, items = str.split(","), i;
+  var obj = {}, items = str.split(','), i;
   for (i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
     obj[items[i]] = true;
   }
@@ -861,98 +856,141 @@ function arrayRemove(array, value) {
  </file>
  </example>
  */
-function copy(source, destination, stackSource, stackDest) {
-  if (isWindow(source) || isScope(source)) {
-    throw ngMinErr('cpws',
-      "Can't copy! Making copies of Window or Scope instances is not supported.");
-  }
-  if (isTypedArray(destination)) {
-    throw ngMinErr('cpta',
-      "Can't copy! TypedArray destination cannot be mutated.");
-  }
+function copy(source, destination) {
+  var stackSource = [];
+  var stackDest = [];
 
-  if (!destination) {
-    destination = source;
-    if (isObject(source)) {
-      var index;
-      if (stackSource && (index = stackSource.indexOf(source)) !== -1) {
-        return stackDest[index];
-      }
-
-      // TypedArray, Date and RegExp have specific copy functionality and must be
-      // pushed onto the stack before returning.
-      // Array and other objects create the base object and recurse to copy child
-      // objects. The array/object will be pushed onto the stack when recursed.
-      if (isArray(source)) {
-        return copy(source, [], stackSource, stackDest);
-      } else if (isTypedArray(source)) {
-        destination = new source.constructor(source);
-      } else if (isDate(source)) {
-        destination = new Date(source.getTime());
-      } else if (isRegExp(source)) {
-        destination = new RegExp(source.source, source.toString().match(/[^\/]*$/)[0]);
-        destination.lastIndex = source.lastIndex;
-      } else {
-        var emptyObject = Object.create(getPrototypeOf(source));
-        return copy(source, emptyObject, stackSource, stackDest);
-      }
-
-      if (stackDest) {
-        stackSource.push(source);
-        stackDest.push(destination);
-      }
+  if (destination) {
+    if (isTypedArray(destination) || isArrayBuffer(destination)) {
+      throw ngMinErr('cpta', "Can't copy! TypedArray destination cannot be mutated.");
     }
-  } else {
-    if (source === destination) throw ngMinErr('cpi',
-      "Can't copy! Source and destination are identical.");
-
-    stackSource = stackSource || [];
-    stackDest = stackDest || [];
-
-    if (isObject(source)) {
-      stackSource.push(source);
-      stackDest.push(destination);
+    if (source === destination) {
+      throw ngMinErr('cpi', "Can't copy! Source and destination are identical.");
     }
 
-    var result, key;
-    if (isArray(source)) {
+    // Empty the destination object
+    if (isArray(destination)) {
       destination.length = 0;
-      for (var i = 0; i < source.length; i++) {
-        destination.push(copy(source[i], null, stackSource, stackDest));
-      }
     } else {
-      var h = destination.$$hashKey;
-      if (isArray(destination)) {
-        destination.length = 0;
-      } else {
-        forEach(destination, function(value, key) {
+      forEach(destination, function(value, key) {
+        if (key !== '$$hashKey') {
           delete destination[key];
-        });
-      }
-      if (isBlankObject(source)) {
-        // createMap() fast path --- Safe to avoid hasOwnProperty check because prototype chain is empty
-        for (key in source) {
-          destination[key] = copy(source[key], null, stackSource, stackDest);
         }
-      } else if (source && typeof source.hasOwnProperty === 'function') {
-        // Slow path, which must rely on hasOwnProperty
-        for (key in source) {
-          if (source.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
-            destination[key] = copy(source[key], null, stackSource, stackDest);
-          }
+      });
+    }
+
+    stackSource.push(source);
+    stackDest.push(destination);
+    return copyRecurse(source, destination);
+  }
+
+  return copyElement(source);
+
+  function copyRecurse(source, destination) {
+    var h = destination.$$hashKey;
+    var key;
+    if (isArray(source)) {
+      for (var i = 0, ii = source.length; i < ii; i++) {
+        destination.push(copyElement(source[i]));
+      }
+    } else if (isBlankObject(source)) {
+      // createMap() fast path --- Safe to avoid hasOwnProperty check because prototype chain is empty
+      for (key in source) {
+        destination[key] = copyElement(source[key]);
+      }
+    } else if (source && typeof source.hasOwnProperty === 'function') {
+      // Slow path, which must rely on hasOwnProperty
+      for (key in source) {
+        if (source.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+          destination[key] = copyElement(source[key]);
         }
-      } else {
-        // Slowest path --- hasOwnProperty can't be called as a method
-        for (key in source) {
-          if (hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) {
-            destination[key] = copy(source[key], null, stackSource, stackDest);
-          }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Slowest path --- hasOwnProperty can't be called as a method
+      for (key in source) {
+        if (hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) {
+          destination[key] = copyElement(source[key]);
         }
       }
-      setHashKey(destination,h);
+    }
+    setHashKey(destination, h);
+    return destination;
+  }
+
+  function copyElement(source) {
+    // Simple values
+    if (!isObject(source)) {
+      return source;
+    }
+
+    // Already copied values
+    var index = stackSource.indexOf(source);
+    if (index !== -1) {
+      return stackDest[index];
+    }
+
+    if (isWindow(source) || isScope(source)) {
+      throw ngMinErr('cpws',
+        "Can't copy! Making copies of Window or Scope instances is not supported.");
+    }
+
+    var needsRecurse = false;
+    var destination = copyType(source);
+
+    if (destination === undefined) {
+      destination = isArray(source) ? [] : Object.create(getPrototypeOf(source));
+      needsRecurse = true;
+    }
+
+    stackSource.push(source);
+    stackDest.push(destination);
+
+    return needsRecurse
+      ? copyRecurse(source, destination)
+      : destination;
+  }
+
+  function copyType(source) {
+    switch (toString.call(source)) {
+      case '[object Int8Array]':
+      case '[object Int16Array]':
+      case '[object Int32Array]':
+      case '[object Float32Array]':
+      case '[object Float64Array]':
+      case '[object Uint8Array]':
+      case '[object Uint8ClampedArray]':
+      case '[object Uint16Array]':
+      case '[object Uint32Array]':
+        return new source.constructor(copyElement(source.buffer));
+
+      case '[object ArrayBuffer]':
+        //Support: IE10
+        if (!source.slice) {
+          var copied = new ArrayBuffer(source.byteLength);
+          new Uint8Array(copied).set(new Uint8Array(source));
+          return copied;
+        }
+        return source.slice(0);
+
+      case '[object Boolean]':
+      case '[object Number]':
+      case '[object String]':
+      case '[object Date]':
+        return new source.constructor(source.valueOf());
+
+      case '[object RegExp]':
+        var re = new RegExp(source.source, source.toString().match(/[^\/]*$/)[0]);
+        re.lastIndex = source.lastIndex;
+        return re;
+
+      case '[object Blob]':
+        return new source.constructor([source], {type: source.type});
+    }
+
+    if (isFunction(source.cloneNode)) {
+      return source.cloneNode(true);
     }
   }
-  return destination;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1015,60 +1053,76 @@ function equals(o1, o2) {
   if (o1 === null || o2 === null) return false;
   if (o1 !== o1 && o2 !== o2) return true; // NaN === NaN
   var t1 = typeof o1, t2 = typeof o2, length, key, keySet;
-  if (t1 == t2) {
-    if (t1 == 'object') {
-      if (isArray(o1)) {
-        if (!isArray(o2)) return false;
-        if ((length = o1.length) == o2.length) {
-          for (key = 0; key < length; key++) {
-            if (!equals(o1[key], o2[key])) return false;
-          }
-          return true;
-        }
-      } else if (isDate(o1)) {
-        if (!isDate(o2)) return false;
-        return equals(o1.getTime(), o2.getTime());
-      } else if (isRegExp(o1)) {
-        return isRegExp(o2) ? o1.toString() == o2.toString() : false;
-      } else {
-        if (isScope(o1) || isScope(o2) || isWindow(o1) || isWindow(o2) ||
-          isArray(o2) || isDate(o2) || isRegExp(o2)) return false;
-        keySet = createMap();
-        for (key in o1) {
-          if (key.charAt(0) === '$' || isFunction(o1[key])) continue;
+  if (t1 == t2 && t1 == 'object') {
+    if (isArray(o1)) {
+      if (!isArray(o2)) return false;
+      if ((length = o1.length) == o2.length) {
+        for (key = 0; key < length; key++) {
           if (!equals(o1[key], o2[key])) return false;
-          keySet[key] = true;
-        }
-        for (key in o2) {
-          if (!(key in keySet) &&
-              key.charAt(0) !== '$' &&
-              o2[key] !== undefined &&
-              !isFunction(o2[key])) return false;
         }
         return true;
       }
+    } else if (isDate(o1)) {
+      if (!isDate(o2)) return false;
+      return equals(o1.getTime(), o2.getTime());
+    } else if (isRegExp(o1)) {
+      if (!isRegExp(o2)) return false;
+      return o1.toString() == o2.toString();
+    } else {
+      if (isScope(o1) || isScope(o2) || isWindow(o1) || isWindow(o2) ||
+        isArray(o2) || isDate(o2) || isRegExp(o2)) return false;
+      keySet = createMap();
+      for (key in o1) {
+        if (key.charAt(0) === '$' || isFunction(o1[key])) continue;
+        if (!equals(o1[key], o2[key])) return false;
+        keySet[key] = true;
+      }
+      for (key in o2) {
+        if (!(key in keySet) &&
+            key.charAt(0) !== '$' &&
+            isDefined(o2[key]) &&
+            !isFunction(o2[key])) return false;
+      }
+      return true;
     }
   }
   return false;
 }
 
 var csp = function() {
-  if (isDefined(csp.isActive_)) return csp.isActive_;
+  if (!isDefined(csp.rules)) {
+
 
-  var active = !!(document.querySelector('[ng-csp]') ||
-                  document.querySelector('[data-ng-csp]'));
+    var ngCspElement = (document.querySelector('[ng-csp]') ||
+                    document.querySelector('[data-ng-csp]'));
 
-  if (!active) {
+    if (ngCspElement) {
+      var ngCspAttribute = ngCspElement.getAttribute('ng-csp') ||
+                    ngCspElement.getAttribute('data-ng-csp');
+      csp.rules = {
+        noUnsafeEval: !ngCspAttribute || (ngCspAttribute.indexOf('no-unsafe-eval') !== -1),
+        noInlineStyle: !ngCspAttribute || (ngCspAttribute.indexOf('no-inline-style') !== -1)
+      };
+    } else {
+      csp.rules = {
+        noUnsafeEval: noUnsafeEval(),
+        noInlineStyle: false
+      };
+    }
+  }
+
+  return csp.rules;
+
+  function noUnsafeEval() {
     try {
       /* jshint -W031, -W054 */
       new Function('');
       /* jshint +W031, +W054 */
+      return false;
     } catch (e) {
-      active = true;
+      return true;
     }
   }
-
-  return (csp.isActive_ = active);
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1206,7 +1260,7 @@ function toJsonReplacer(key, value) {
  * @returns {string|undefined} JSON-ified string representing `obj`.
  */
 function toJson(obj, pretty) {
-  if (typeof obj === 'undefined') return undefined;
+  if (isUndefined(obj)) return undefined;
   if (!isNumber(pretty)) {
     pretty = pretty ? 2 : null;
   }
@@ -1233,7 +1287,10 @@ function fromJson(json) {
 }
 
 
+var ALL_COLONS = /:/g;
 function timezoneToOffset(timezone, fallback) {
+  // IE/Edge do not "understand" colon (`:`) in timezone
+  timezone = timezone.replace(ALL_COLONS, '');
   var requestedTimezoneOffset = Date.parse('Jan 01, 1970 00:00:00 ' + timezone) / 60000;
   return isNaN(requestedTimezoneOffset) ? fallback : requestedTimezoneOffset;
 }
@@ -1248,8 +1305,9 @@ function addDateMinutes(date, minutes) {
 
 function convertTimezoneToLocal(date, timezone, reverse) {
   reverse = reverse ? -1 : 1;
-  var timezoneOffset = timezoneToOffset(timezone, date.getTimezoneOffset());
-  return addDateMinutes(date, reverse * (timezoneOffset - date.getTimezoneOffset()));
+  var dateTimezoneOffset = date.getTimezoneOffset();
+  var timezoneOffset = timezoneToOffset(timezone, dateTimezoneOffset);
+  return addDateMinutes(date, reverse * (timezoneOffset - dateTimezoneOffset));
 }
 
 
@@ -1268,7 +1326,7 @@ function startingTag(element) {
     return element[0].nodeType === NODE_TYPE_TEXT ? lowercase(elemHtml) :
         elemHtml.
           match(/^(<[^>]+>)/)[1].
-          replace(/^<([\w\-]+)/, function(match, nodeName) { return '<' + lowercase(nodeName); });
+          replace(/^<([\w\-]+)/, function(match, nodeName) {return '<' + lowercase(nodeName);});
   } catch (e) {
     return lowercase(elemHtml);
   }
@@ -1300,13 +1358,19 @@ function tryDecodeURIComponent(value) {
  * @returns {Object.<string,boolean|Array>}
  */
 function parseKeyValue(/**string*/keyValue) {
-  var obj = {}, key_value, key;
+  var obj = {};
   forEach((keyValue || "").split('&'), function(keyValue) {
+    var splitPoint, key, val;
     if (keyValue) {
-      key_value = keyValue.replace(/\+/g,'%20').split('=');
-      key = tryDecodeURIComponent(key_value[0]);
+      key = keyValue = keyValue.replace(/\+/g,'%20');
+      splitPoint = keyValue.indexOf('=');
+      if (splitPoint !== -1) {
+        key = keyValue.substring(0, splitPoint);
+        val = keyValue.substring(splitPoint + 1);
+      }
+      key = tryDecodeURIComponent(key);
       if (isDefined(key)) {
-        var val = isDefined(key_value[1]) ? tryDecodeURIComponent(key_value[1]) : true;
+        val = isDefined(val) ? tryDecodeURIComponent(val) : true;
         if (!hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
           obj[key] = val;
         } else if (isArray(obj[key])) {
@@ -1410,10 +1474,17 @@ function getNgAttribute(element, ngAttr) {
  * designates the **root element** of the application and is typically placed near the root element
  * of the page - e.g. on the `<body>` or `<html>` tags.
  *
- * Only one AngularJS application can be auto-bootstrapped per HTML document. The first `ngApp`
- * found in the document will be used to define the root element to auto-bootstrap as an
- * application. To run multiple applications in an HTML document you must manually bootstrap them using
- * {@link angular.bootstrap} instead. AngularJS applications cannot be nested within each other.
+ * There are a few things to keep in mind when using `ngApp`:
+ * - only one AngularJS application can be auto-bootstrapped per HTML document. The first `ngApp`
+ *   found in the document will be used to define the root element to auto-bootstrap as an
+ *   application. To run multiple applications in an HTML document you must manually bootstrap them using
+ *   {@link angular.bootstrap} instead.
+ * - AngularJS applications cannot be nested within each other.
+ * - Do not use a directive that uses {@link ng.$compile#transclusion transclusion} on the same element as `ngApp`.
+ *   This includes directives such as {@link ng.ngIf `ngIf`}, {@link ng.ngInclude `ngInclude`} and
+ *   {@link ngRoute.ngView `ngView`}.
+ *   Doing this misplaces the app {@link ng.$rootElement `$rootElement`} and the app's {@link auto.$injector injector},
+ *   causing animations to stop working and making the injector inaccessible from outside the app.
  *
  * You can specify an **AngularJS module** to be used as the root module for the application.  This
  * module will be loaded into the {@link auto.$injector} when the application is bootstrapped. It
@@ -1553,16 +1624,25 @@ function angularInit(element, bootstrap) {
  * @description
  * Use this function to manually start up angular application.
  *
- * See: {@link guide/bootstrap Bootstrap}
- *
- * Note that Protractor based end-to-end tests cannot use this function to bootstrap manually.
- * They must use {@link ng.directive:ngApp ngApp}.
+ * For more information, see the {@link guide/bootstrap Bootstrap guide}.
  *
  * Angular will detect if it has been loaded into the browser more than once and only allow the
  * first loaded script to be bootstrapped and will report a warning to the browser console for
  * each of the subsequent scripts. This prevents strange results in applications, where otherwise
  * multiple instances of Angular try to work on the DOM.
  *
+ * <div class="alert alert-warning">
+ * **Note:** Protractor based end-to-end tests cannot use this function to bootstrap manually.
+ * They must use {@link ng.directive:ngApp ngApp}.
+ * </div>
+ *
+ * <div class="alert alert-warning">
+ * **Note:** Do not bootstrap the app on an element with a directive that uses {@link ng.$compile#transclusion transclusion},
+ * such as {@link ng.ngIf `ngIf`}, {@link ng.ngInclude `ngInclude`} and {@link ngRoute.ngView `ngView`}.
+ * Doing this misplaces the app {@link ng.$rootElement `$rootElement`} and the app's {@link auto.$injector injector},
+ * causing animations to stop working and making the injector inaccessible from outside the app.
+ * </div>
+ *
  * ```html
  * <!doctype html>
  * <html>
@@ -1705,7 +1785,6 @@ function snake_case(name, separator) {
 }
 
 var bindJQueryFired = false;
-var skipDestroyOnNextJQueryCleanData;
 function bindJQuery() {
   var originalCleanData;
 
@@ -1715,10 +1794,9 @@ function bindJQuery() {
 
   // bind to jQuery if present;
   var jqName = jq();
-  jQuery = window.jQuery; // use default jQuery.
-  if (isDefined(jqName)) { // `ngJq` present
-    jQuery = jqName === null ? undefined : window[jqName]; // if empty; use jqLite. if not empty, use jQuery specified by `ngJq`.
-  }
+  jQuery = isUndefined(jqName) ? window.jQuery :   // use jQuery (if present)
+           !jqName             ? undefined     :   // use jqLite
+                                 window[jqName];   // use jQuery specified by `ngJq`
 
   // Use jQuery if it exists with proper functionality, otherwise default to us.
   // Angular 1.2+ requires jQuery 1.7+ for on()/off() support.
@@ -1740,15 +1818,11 @@ function bindJQuery() {
     originalCleanData = jQuery.cleanData;
     jQuery.cleanData = function(elems) {
       var events;
-      if (!skipDestroyOnNextJQueryCleanData) {
-        for (var i = 0, elem; (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++) {
-          events = jQuery._data(elem, "events");
-          if (events && events.$destroy) {
-            jQuery(elem).triggerHandler('$destroy');
-          }
+      for (var i = 0, elem; (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++) {
+        events = jQuery._data(elem, "events");
+        if (events && events.$destroy) {
+          jQuery(elem).triggerHandler('$destroy');
         }
-      } else {
-        skipDestroyOnNextJQueryCleanData = false;
       }
       originalCleanData(elems);
     };
@@ -1823,22 +1897,24 @@ function getter(obj, path, bindFnToScope) {
 /**
  * Return the DOM siblings between the first and last node in the given array.
  * @param {Array} array like object
- * @returns {jqLite} jqLite collection containing the nodes
+ * @returns {Array} the inputted object or a jqLite collection containing the nodes
  */
 function getBlockNodes(nodes) {
-  // TODO(perf): just check if all items in `nodes` are siblings and if they are return the original
-  //             collection, otherwise update the original collection.
+  // TODO(perf): update `nodes` instead of creating a new object?
   var node = nodes[0];
   var endNode = nodes[nodes.length - 1];
-  var blockNodes = [node];
+  var blockNodes;
 
-  do {
-    node = node.nextSibling;
-    if (!node) break;
-    blockNodes.push(node);
-  } while (node !== endNode);
+  for (var i = 1; node !== endNode && (node = node.nextSibling); i++) {
+    if (blockNodes || nodes[i] !== node) {
+      if (!blockNodes) {
+        blockNodes = jqLite(slice.call(nodes, 0, i));
+      }
+      blockNodes.push(node);
+    }
+  }
 
-  return jqLite(blockNodes);
+  return blockNodes || nodes;
 }
 
 
@@ -1902,8 +1978,8 @@ function setupModuleLoader(window) {
      * All modules (angular core or 3rd party) that should be available to an application must be
      * registered using this mechanism.
      *
-     * When passed two or more arguments, a new module is created.  If passed only one argument, an
-     * existing module (the name passed as the first argument to `module`) is retrieved.
+     * Passing one argument retrieves an existing {@link angular.Module},
+     * whereas passing more than one argument creates a new {@link angular.Module}
      *
      *
      * # Module
@@ -1940,7 +2016,7 @@ function setupModuleLoader(window) {
      *        unspecified then the module is being retrieved for further configuration.
      * @param {Function=} configFn Optional configuration function for the module. Same as
      *        {@link angular.Module#config Module#config()}.
-     * @returns {module} new module with the {@link angular.Module} api.
+     * @returns {angular.Module} new module with the {@link angular.Module} api.
      */
     return function module(name, requires, configFn) {
       var assertNotHasOwnProperty = function(name, context) {
@@ -2052,7 +2128,7 @@ function setupModuleLoader(window) {
            * @param {string} name constant name
            * @param {*} object Constant value.
            * @description
-           * Because the constant are fixed, they get applied before other provide methods.
+           * Because the constants are fixed, they get applied before other provide methods.
            * See {@link auto.$provide#constant $provide.constant()}.
            */
           constant: invokeLater('$provide', 'constant', 'unshift'),
@@ -2146,6 +2222,19 @@ function setupModuleLoader(window) {
            */
           directive: invokeLaterAndSetModuleName('$compileProvider', 'directive'),
 
+          /**
+           * @ngdoc method
+           * @name angular.Module#component
+           * @module ng
+           * @param {string} name Name of the component in camel-case (i.e. myComp which will match as my-comp)
+           * @param {Object} options Component definition object (a simplified
+           *    {@link ng.$compile#directive-definition-object directive definition object})
+           *
+           * @description
+           * See {@link ng.$compileProvider#component $compileProvider.component()}.
+           */
+          component: invokeLaterAndSetModuleName('$compileProvider', 'component'),
+
           /**
            * @ngdoc method
            * @name angular.Module#config
@@ -2222,7 +2311,7 @@ function serializeObject(obj) {
     val = toJsonReplacer(key, val);
     if (isObject(val)) {
 
-      if (seen.indexOf(val) >= 0) return '<<already seen>>';
+      if (seen.indexOf(val) >= 0) return '...';
 
       seen.push(val);
     }
@@ -2233,7 +2322,7 @@ function serializeObject(obj) {
 function toDebugString(obj) {
   if (typeof obj === 'function') {
     return obj.toString().replace(/ \{[\s\S]*$/, '');
-  } else if (typeof obj === 'undefined') {
+  } else if (isUndefined(obj)) {
     return 'undefined';
   } else if (typeof obj !== 'string') {
     return serializeObject(obj);
@@ -2244,7 +2333,6 @@ function toDebugString(obj) {
 /* global angularModule: true,
   version: true,
 
-  $LocaleProvider,
   $CompileProvider,
 
   htmlAnchorDirective,
@@ -2261,7 +2349,6 @@ function toDebugString(obj) {
   ngClassDirective,
   ngClassEvenDirective,
   ngClassOddDirective,
-  ngCspDirective,
   ngCloakDirective,
   ngControllerDirective,
   ngFormDirective,
@@ -2298,14 +2385,19 @@ function toDebugString(obj) {
 
   $AnchorScrollProvider,
   $AnimateProvider,
+  $CoreAnimateCssProvider,
+  $$CoreAnimateJsProvider,
   $$CoreAnimateQueueProvider,
-  $$CoreAnimateRunnerProvider,
+  $$AnimateRunnerFactoryProvider,
+  $$AnimateAsyncRunFactoryProvider,
   $BrowserProvider,
   $CacheFactoryProvider,
   $ControllerProvider,
+  $DateProvider,
   $DocumentProvider,
   $ExceptionHandlerProvider,
   $FilterProvider,
+  $$ForceReflowProvider,
   $InterpolateProvider,
   $IntervalProvider,
   $$HashMapProvider,
@@ -2313,6 +2405,7 @@ function toDebugString(obj) {
   $HttpParamSerializerProvider,
   $HttpParamSerializerJQLikeProvider,
   $HttpBackendProvider,
+  $xhrFactoryProvider,
   $LocationProvider,
   $LogProvider,
   $ParseProvider,
@@ -2339,8 +2432,9 @@ function toDebugString(obj) {
  * @name angular.version
  * @module ng
  * @description
- * An object that contains information about the current AngularJS version. This object has the
- * following properties:
+ * An object that contains information about the current AngularJS version.
+ *
+ * This object has the following properties:
  *
  * - `full` – `{string}` – Full version string, such as "0.9.18".
  * - `major` – `{number}` – Major version number, such as "0".
@@ -2349,11 +2443,11 @@ function toDebugString(obj) {
  * - `codeName` – `{string}` – Code name of the release, such as "jiggling-armfat".
  */
 var version = {
-  full: '1.4.3',    // all of these placeholder strings will be replaced by grunt's
+  full: '1.5.3',    // all of these placeholder strings will be replaced by grunt's
   major: 1,    // package task
-  minor: 4,
+  minor: 5,
   dot: 3,
-  codeName: 'foam-acceleration'
+  codeName: 'diplohaplontic-meiosis'
 };
 
 
@@ -2392,11 +2486,6 @@ function publishExternalAPI(angular) {
   });
 
   angularModule = setupModuleLoader(window);
-  try {
-    angularModule('ngLocale');
-  } catch (e) {
-    angularModule('ngLocale', []).provider('$locale', $LocaleProvider);
-  }
 
   angularModule('ng', ['ngLocale'], ['$provide',
     function ngModule($provide) {
@@ -2459,20 +2548,25 @@ function publishExternalAPI(angular) {
       $provide.provider({
         $anchorScroll: $AnchorScrollProvider,
         $animate: $AnimateProvider,
+        $animateCss: $CoreAnimateCssProvider,
+        $$animateJs: $$CoreAnimateJsProvider,
         $$animateQueue: $$CoreAnimateQueueProvider,
-        $$AnimateRunner: $$CoreAnimateRunnerProvider,
+        $$AnimateRunner: $$AnimateRunnerFactoryProvider,
+        $$animateAsyncRun: $$AnimateAsyncRunFactoryProvider,
         $browser: $BrowserProvider,
         $cacheFactory: $CacheFactoryProvider,
         $controller: $ControllerProvider,
         $document: $DocumentProvider,
         $exceptionHandler: $ExceptionHandlerProvider,
         $filter: $FilterProvider,
+        $$forceReflow: $$ForceReflowProvider,
         $interpolate: $InterpolateProvider,
         $interval: $IntervalProvider,
         $http: $HttpProvider,
         $httpParamSerializer: $HttpParamSerializerProvider,
         $httpParamSerializerJQLike: $HttpParamSerializerJQLikeProvider,
         $httpBackend: $HttpBackendProvider,
+        $xhrFactory: $xhrFactoryProvider,
         $location: $LocationProvider,
         $log: $LogProvider,
         $parse: $ParseProvider,
@@ -2529,16 +2623,22 @@ function publishExternalAPI(angular) {
  *
  * If jQuery is available, `angular.element` is an alias for the
  * [jQuery](http://api.jquery.com/jQuery/) function. If jQuery is not available, `angular.element`
- * delegates to Angular's built-in subset of jQuery, called "jQuery lite" or "jqLite."
+ * delegates to Angular's built-in subset of jQuery, called "jQuery lite" or **jqLite**.
+ *
+ * jqLite is a tiny, API-compatible subset of jQuery that allows
+ * Angular to manipulate the DOM in a cross-browser compatible way. jqLite implements only the most
+ * commonly needed functionality with the goal of having a very small footprint.
  *
- * <div class="alert alert-success">jqLite is a tiny, API-compatible subset of jQuery that allows
- * Angular to manipulate the DOM in a cross-browser compatible way. **jqLite** implements only the most
- * commonly needed functionality with the goal of having a very small footprint.</div>
+ * To use `jQuery`, simply ensure it is loaded before the `angular.js` file. You can also use the
+ * {@link ngJq `ngJq`} directive to specify that jqlite should be used over jQuery, or to use a
+ * specific version of jQuery if multiple versions exist on the page.
  *
- * To use `jQuery`, simply ensure it is loaded before the `angular.js` file.
+ * <div class="alert alert-info">**Note:** All element references in Angular are always wrapped with jQuery or
+ * jqLite (such as the element argument in a directive's compile / link function). They are never raw DOM references.</div>
  *
- * <div class="alert">**Note:** all element references in Angular are always wrapped with jQuery or
- * jqLite; they are never raw DOM references.</div>
+ * <div class="alert alert-warning">**Note:** Keep in mind that this function will not find elements
+ * by tag name / CSS selector. For lookups by tag name, try instead `angular.element(document).find(...)`
+ * or `$document.find()`, or use the standard DOM APIs, e.g. `document.querySelectorAll()`.</div>
  *
  * ## Angular's jqLite
  * jqLite provides only the following jQuery methods:
@@ -2551,7 +2651,8 @@ function publishExternalAPI(angular) {
  * - [`children()`](http://api.jquery.com/children/) - Does not support selectors
  * - [`clone()`](http://api.jquery.com/clone/)
  * - [`contents()`](http://api.jquery.com/contents/)
- * - [`css()`](http://api.jquery.com/css/) - Only retrieves inline-styles, does not call `getComputedStyle()`. As a setter, does not convert numbers to strings or append 'px'.
+ * - [`css()`](http://api.jquery.com/css/) - Only retrieves inline-styles, does not call `getComputedStyle()`.
+ *   As a setter, does not convert numbers to strings or append 'px', and also does not have automatic property prefixing.
  * - [`data()`](http://api.jquery.com/data/)
  * - [`detach()`](http://api.jquery.com/detach/)
  * - [`empty()`](http://api.jquery.com/empty/)
@@ -2561,7 +2662,7 @@ function publishExternalAPI(angular) {
  * - [`html()`](http://api.jquery.com/html/)
  * - [`next()`](http://api.jquery.com/next/) - Does not support selectors
  * - [`on()`](http://api.jquery.com/on/) - Does not support namespaces, selectors or eventData
- * - [`off()`](http://api.jquery.com/off/) - Does not support namespaces or selectors
+ * - [`off()`](http://api.jquery.com/off/) - Does not support namespaces, selectors or event object as parameter
  * - [`one()`](http://api.jquery.com/one/) - Does not support namespaces or selectors
  * - [`parent()`](http://api.jquery.com/parent/) - Does not support selectors
  * - [`prepend()`](http://api.jquery.com/prepend/)
@@ -2575,7 +2676,7 @@ function publishExternalAPI(angular) {
  * - [`text()`](http://api.jquery.com/text/)
  * - [`toggleClass()`](http://api.jquery.com/toggleClass/)
  * - [`triggerHandler()`](http://api.jquery.com/triggerHandler/) - Passes a dummy event object to handlers.
- * - [`unbind()`](http://api.jquery.com/unbind/) - Does not support namespaces
+ * - [`unbind()`](http://api.jquery.com/unbind/) - Does not support namespaces or event object as parameter
  * - [`val()`](http://api.jquery.com/val/)
  * - [`wrap()`](http://api.jquery.com/wrap/)
  *
@@ -2647,10 +2748,10 @@ function camelCase(name) {
     replace(MOZ_HACK_REGEXP, 'Moz$1');
 }
 
-var SINGLE_TAG_REGEXP = /^<(\w+)\s*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/;
+var SINGLE_TAG_REGEXP = /^<([\w-]+)\s*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/;
 var HTML_REGEXP = /<|&#?\w+;/;
-var TAG_NAME_REGEXP = /<([\w:]+)/;
-var XHTML_TAG_REGEXP = /<(?!area|br|col|embed|hr|img|input|link|meta|param)(([\w:]+)[^>]*)\/>/gi;
+var TAG_NAME_REGEXP = /<([\w:-]+)/;
+var XHTML_TAG_REGEXP = /<(?!area|br|col|embed|hr|img|input|link|meta|param)(([\w:-]+)[^>]*)\/>/gi;
 
 var wrapMap = {
   'option': [1, '<select multiple="multiple">', '</select>'],
@@ -2685,6 +2786,12 @@ function jqLiteHasData(node) {
   return false;
 }
 
+function jqLiteCleanData(nodes) {
+  for (var i = 0, ii = nodes.length; i < ii; i++) {
+    jqLiteRemoveData(nodes[i]);
+  }
+}
+
 function jqLiteBuildFragment(html, context) {
   var tmp, tag, wrap,
       fragment = context.createDocumentFragment(),
@@ -2737,6 +2844,24 @@ function jqLiteParseHTML(html, context) {
   return [];
 }
 
+function jqLiteWrapNode(node, wrapper) {
+  var parent = node.parentNode;
+
+  if (parent) {
+    parent.replaceChild(wrapper, node);
+  }
+
+  wrapper.appendChild(node);
+}
+
+
+// IE9-11 has no method "contains" in SVG element and in Node.prototype. Bug #10259.
+var jqLiteContains = Node.prototype.contains || function(arg) {
+  // jshint bitwise: false
+  return !!(this.compareDocumentPosition(arg) & 16);
+  // jshint bitwise: true
+};
+
 /////////////////////////////////////////////
 function JQLite(element) {
   if (element instanceof JQLite) {
@@ -2795,17 +2920,23 @@ function jqLiteOff(element, type, fn, unsupported) {
       delete events[type];
     }
   } else {
-    forEach(type.split(' '), function(type) {
+
+    var removeHandler = function(type) {
+      var listenerFns = events[type];
       if (isDefined(fn)) {
-        var listenerFns = events[type];
         arrayRemove(listenerFns || [], fn);
-        if (listenerFns && listenerFns.length > 0) {
-          return;
-        }
       }
+      if (!(isDefined(fn) && listenerFns && listenerFns.length > 0)) {
+        removeEventListenerFn(element, type, handle);
+        delete events[type];
+      }
+    };
 
-      removeEventListenerFn(element, type, handle);
-      delete events[type];
+    forEach(type.split(' '), function(type) {
+      removeHandler(type);
+      if (MOUSE_EVENT_MAP[type]) {
+        removeHandler(MOUSE_EVENT_MAP[type]);
+      }
     });
   }
 }
@@ -2946,7 +3077,7 @@ function jqLiteInheritedData(element, name, value) {
 
   while (element) {
     for (var i = 0, ii = names.length; i < ii; i++) {
-      if ((value = jqLite.data(element, names[i])) !== undefined) return value;
+      if (isDefined(value = jqLite.data(element, names[i]))) return value;
     }
 
     // If dealing with a document fragment node with a host element, and no parent, use the host
@@ -2973,7 +3104,7 @@ function jqLiteRemove(element, keepData) {
 function jqLiteDocumentLoaded(action, win) {
   win = win || window;
   if (win.document.readyState === 'complete') {
-    // Force the action to be run async for consistent behaviour
+    // Force the action to be run async for consistent behavior
     // from the action's point of view
     // i.e. it will definitely not be in a $apply
     win.setTimeout(action);
@@ -3052,15 +3183,15 @@ function getBooleanAttrName(element, name) {
   return booleanAttr && BOOLEAN_ELEMENTS[nodeName_(element)] && booleanAttr;
 }
 
-function getAliasedAttrName(element, name) {
-  var nodeName = element.nodeName;
-  return (nodeName === 'INPUT' || nodeName === 'TEXTAREA') && ALIASED_ATTR[name];
+function getAliasedAttrName(name) {
+  return ALIASED_ATTR[name];
 }
 
 forEach({
   data: jqLiteData,
   removeData: jqLiteRemoveData,
-  hasData: jqLiteHasData
+  hasData: jqLiteHasData,
+  cleanData: jqLiteCleanData
 }, function(fn, name) {
   JQLite[name] = fn;
 });
@@ -3191,7 +3322,7 @@ forEach({
     // in a way that survives minification.
     // jqLiteEmpty takes no arguments but is a setter.
     if (fn !== jqLiteEmpty &&
-        (((fn.length == 2 && (fn !== jqLiteHasClass && fn !== jqLiteController)) ? arg1 : arg2) === undefined)) {
+        (isUndefined((fn.length == 2 && (fn !== jqLiteHasClass && fn !== jqLiteController)) ? arg1 : arg2))) {
       if (isObject(arg1)) {
 
         // we are a write, but the object properties are the key/values
@@ -3212,7 +3343,7 @@ forEach({
         // TODO: do we still need this?
         var value = fn.$dv;
         // Only if we have $dv do we iterate over all, otherwise it is just the first element.
-        var jj = (value === undefined) ? Math.min(nodeCount, 1) : nodeCount;
+        var jj = (isUndefined(value)) ? Math.min(nodeCount, 1) : nodeCount;
         for (var j = 0; j < jj; j++) {
           var nodeValue = fn(this[j], arg1, arg2);
           value = value ? value + nodeValue : nodeValue;
@@ -3261,6 +3392,9 @@ function createEventHandler(element, events) {
       return event.immediatePropagationStopped === true;
     };
 
+    // Some events have special handlers that wrap the real handler
+    var handlerWrapper = eventFns.specialHandlerWrapper || defaultHandlerWrapper;
+
     // Copy event handlers in case event handlers array is modified during execution.
     if ((eventFnsLength > 1)) {
       eventFns = shallowCopy(eventFns);
@@ -3268,7 +3402,7 @@ function createEventHandler(element, events) {
 
     for (var i = 0; i < eventFnsLength; i++) {
       if (!event.isImmediatePropagationStopped()) {
-        eventFns[i].call(element, event);
+        handlerWrapper(element, event, eventFns[i]);
       }
     }
   };
@@ -3279,6 +3413,22 @@ function createEventHandler(element, events) {
   return eventHandler;
 }
 
+function defaultHandlerWrapper(element, event, handler) {
+  handler.call(element, event);
+}
+
+function specialMouseHandlerWrapper(target, event, handler) {
+  // Refer to jQuery's implementation of mouseenter & mouseleave
+  // Read about mouseenter and mouseleave:
+  // http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_mouse.html#link8
+  var related = event.relatedTarget;
+  // For mousenter/leave call the handler if related is outside the target.
+  // NB: No relatedTarget if the mouse left/entered the browser window
+  if (!related || (related !== target && !jqLiteContains.call(target, related))) {
+    handler.call(target, event);
+  }
+}
+
 //////////////////////////////////////////
 // Functions iterating traversal.
 // These functions chain results into a single
@@ -3307,35 +3457,28 @@ forEach({
     var types = type.indexOf(' ') >= 0 ? type.split(' ') : [type];
     var i = types.length;
 
-    while (i--) {
-      type = types[i];
+    var addHandler = function(type, specialHandlerWrapper, noEventListener) {
       var eventFns = events[type];
 
       if (!eventFns) {
-        events[type] = [];
-
-        if (type === 'mouseenter' || type === 'mouseleave') {
-          // Refer to jQuery's implementation of mouseenter & mouseleave
-          // Read about mouseenter and mouseleave:
-          // http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_mouse.html#link8
-
-          jqLiteOn(element, MOUSE_EVENT_MAP[type], function(event) {
-            var target = this, related = event.relatedTarget;
-            // For mousenter/leave call the handler if related is outside the target.
-            // NB: No relatedTarget if the mouse left/entered the browser window
-            if (!related || (related !== target && !target.contains(related))) {
-              handle(event, type);
-            }
-          });
-
-        } else {
-          if (type !== '$destroy') {
-            addEventListenerFn(element, type, handle);
-          }
+        eventFns = events[type] = [];
+        eventFns.specialHandlerWrapper = specialHandlerWrapper;
+        if (type !== '$destroy' && !noEventListener) {
+          addEventListenerFn(element, type, handle);
         }
-        eventFns = events[type];
       }
+
       eventFns.push(fn);
+    };
+
+    while (i--) {
+      type = types[i];
+      if (MOUSE_EVENT_MAP[type]) {
+        addHandler(MOUSE_EVENT_MAP[type], specialMouseHandlerWrapper);
+        addHandler(type, undefined, true);
+      } else {
+        addHandler(type);
+      }
     }
   },
 
@@ -3403,12 +3546,7 @@ forEach({
   },
 
   wrap: function(element, wrapNode) {
-    wrapNode = jqLite(wrapNode).eq(0).clone()[0];
-    var parent = element.parentNode;
-    if (parent) {
-      parent.replaceChild(wrapNode, element);
-    }
-    wrapNode.appendChild(element);
+    jqLiteWrapNode(element, jqLite(wrapNode).eq(0).clone()[0]);
   },
 
   remove: jqLiteRemove,
@@ -3686,17 +3824,23 @@ var $$HashMapProvider = [function() {
  * Implicit module which gets automatically added to each {@link auto.$injector $injector}.
  */
 
-var FN_ARGS = /^function\s*[^\(]*\(\s*([^\)]*)\)/m;
+var ARROW_ARG = /^([^\(]+?)=>/;
+var FN_ARGS = /^[^\(]*\(\s*([^\)]*)\)/m;
 var FN_ARG_SPLIT = /,/;
 var FN_ARG = /^\s*(_?)(\S+?)\1\s*$/;
 var STRIP_COMMENTS = /((\/\/.*$)|(\/\*[\s\S]*?\*\/))/mg;
 var $injectorMinErr = minErr('$injector');
 
+function extractArgs(fn) {
+  var fnText = fn.toString().replace(STRIP_COMMENTS, ''),
+      args = fnText.match(ARROW_ARG) || fnText.match(FN_ARGS);
+  return args;
+}
+
 function anonFn(fn) {
   // For anonymous functions, showing at the very least the function signature can help in
   // debugging.
-  var fnText = fn.toString().replace(STRIP_COMMENTS, ''),
-      args = fnText.match(FN_ARGS);
+  var args = extractArgs(fn);
   if (args) {
     return 'function(' + (args[1] || '').replace(/[\s\r\n]+/, ' ') + ')';
   }
@@ -3705,7 +3849,6 @@ function anonFn(fn) {
 
 function annotate(fn, strictDi, name) {
   var $inject,
-      fnText,
       argDecl,
       last;
 
@@ -3720,8 +3863,7 @@ function annotate(fn, strictDi, name) {
           throw $injectorMinErr('strictdi',
             '{0} is not using explicit annotation and cannot be invoked in strict mode', name);
         }
-        fnText = fn.toString().replace(STRIP_COMMENTS, '');
-        argDecl = fnText.match(FN_ARGS);
+        argDecl = extractArgs(fn);
         forEach(argDecl[1].split(FN_ARG_SPLIT), function(arg) {
           arg.replace(FN_ARG, function(all, underscore, name) {
             $inject.push(name);
@@ -4111,8 +4253,20 @@ function annotate(fn, strictDi, name) {
  *
  * Register a **service constructor**, which will be invoked with `new` to create the service
  * instance.
- * This is short for registering a service where its provider's `$get` property is the service
- * constructor function that will be used to instantiate the service instance.
+ * This is short for registering a service where its provider's `$get` property is a factory
+ * function that returns an instance instantiated by the injector from the service constructor
+ * function.
+ *
+ * Internally it looks a bit like this:
+ *
+ * ```
+ * {
+ *   $get: function() {
+ *     return $injector.instantiate(constructor);
+ *   }
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
  *
  * You should use {@link auto.$provide#service $provide.service(class)} if you define your service
  * as a type/class.
@@ -4152,14 +4306,13 @@ function annotate(fn, strictDi, name) {
  * @description
  *
  * Register a **value service** with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}, such as a string, a
- * number, an array, an object or a function.  This is short for registering a service where its
+ * number, an array, an object or a function. This is short for registering a service where its
  * provider's `$get` property is a factory function that takes no arguments and returns the **value
- * service**.
+ * service**. That also means it is not possible to inject other services into a value service.
  *
  * Value services are similar to constant services, except that they cannot be injected into a
  * module configuration function (see {@link angular.Module#config}) but they can be overridden by
- * an Angular
- * {@link auto.$provide#decorator decorator}.
+ * an Angular {@link auto.$provide#decorator decorator}.
  *
  * @param {string} name The name of the instance.
  * @param {*} value The value.
@@ -4184,8 +4337,11 @@ function annotate(fn, strictDi, name) {
  * @name $provide#constant
  * @description
  *
- * Register a **constant service**, such as a string, a number, an array, an object or a function,
- * with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}. Unlike {@link auto.$provide#value value} it can be
+ * Register a **constant service** with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}, such as a string,
+ * a number, an array, an object or a function. Like the {@link auto.$provide#value value}, it is not
+ * possible to inject other services into a constant.
+ *
+ * But unlike {@link auto.$provide#value value}, a constant can be
  * injected into a module configuration function (see {@link angular.Module#config}) and it cannot
  * be overridden by an Angular {@link auto.$provide#decorator decorator}.
  *
@@ -4213,7 +4369,7 @@ function annotate(fn, strictDi, name) {
  * @description
  *
  * Register a **service decorator** with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}. A service decorator
- * intercepts the creation of a service, allowing it to override or modify the behaviour of the
+ * intercepts the creation of a service, allowing it to override or modify the behavior of the
  * service. The object returned by the decorator may be the original service, or a new service
  * object which replaces or wraps and delegates to the original service.
  *
@@ -4262,14 +4418,19 @@ function createInjector(modulesToLoad, strictDi) {
             throw $injectorMinErr('unpr', "Unknown provider: {0}", path.join(' <- '));
           })),
       instanceCache = {},
-      instanceInjector = (instanceCache.$injector =
+      protoInstanceInjector =
           createInternalInjector(instanceCache, function(serviceName, caller) {
             var provider = providerInjector.get(serviceName + providerSuffix, caller);
-            return instanceInjector.invoke(provider.$get, provider, undefined, serviceName);
-          }));
-
+            return instanceInjector.invoke(
+                provider.$get, provider, undefined, serviceName);
+          }),
+      instanceInjector = protoInstanceInjector;
 
-  forEach(loadModules(modulesToLoad), function(fn) { if (fn) instanceInjector.invoke(fn); });
+  providerCache['$injector' + providerSuffix] = { $get: valueFn(protoInstanceInjector) };
+  var runBlocks = loadModules(modulesToLoad);
+  instanceInjector = protoInstanceInjector.get('$injector');
+  instanceInjector.strictDi = strictDi;
+  forEach(runBlocks, function(fn) { if (fn) instanceInjector.invoke(fn); });
 
   return instanceInjector;
 
@@ -4342,6 +4503,7 @@ function createInjector(modulesToLoad, strictDi) {
   // Module Loading
   ////////////////////////////////////
   function loadModules(modulesToLoad) {
+    assertArg(isUndefined(modulesToLoad) || isArray(modulesToLoad), 'modulesToLoad', 'not an array');
     var runBlocks = [], moduleFn;
     forEach(modulesToLoad, function(module) {
       if (loadedModules.get(module)) return;
@@ -4418,48 +4580,67 @@ function createInjector(modulesToLoad, strictDi) {
       }
     }
 
-    function invoke(fn, self, locals, serviceName) {
-      if (typeof locals === 'string') {
-        serviceName = locals;
-        locals = null;
-      }
 
+    function injectionArgs(fn, locals, serviceName) {
       var args = [],
-          $inject = createInjector.$$annotate(fn, strictDi, serviceName),
-          length, i,
-          key;
+          $inject = createInjector.$$annotate(fn, strictDi, serviceName);
 
-      for (i = 0, length = $inject.length; i < length; i++) {
-        key = $inject[i];
+      for (var i = 0, length = $inject.length; i < length; i++) {
+        var key = $inject[i];
         if (typeof key !== 'string') {
           throw $injectorMinErr('itkn',
                   'Incorrect injection token! Expected service name as string, got {0}', key);
         }
-        args.push(
-          locals && locals.hasOwnProperty(key)
-          ? locals[key]
-          : getService(key, serviceName)
-        );
+        args.push(locals && locals.hasOwnProperty(key) ? locals[key] :
+                                                         getService(key, serviceName));
+      }
+      return args;
+    }
+
+    function isClass(func) {
+      // IE 9-11 do not support classes and IE9 leaks with the code below.
+      if (msie <= 11) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      // Workaround for MS Edge.
+      // Check https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/Feedback/Details/2211653
+      return typeof func === 'function'
+        && /^(?:class\s|constructor\()/.test(Function.prototype.toString.call(func));
+    }
+
+    function invoke(fn, self, locals, serviceName) {
+      if (typeof locals === 'string') {
+        serviceName = locals;
+        locals = null;
       }
+
+      var args = injectionArgs(fn, locals, serviceName);
       if (isArray(fn)) {
-        fn = fn[length];
+        fn = fn[fn.length - 1];
       }
 
-      // http://jsperf.com/angularjs-invoke-apply-vs-switch
-      // #5388
-      return fn.apply(self, args);
+      if (!isClass(fn)) {
+        // http://jsperf.com/angularjs-invoke-apply-vs-switch
+        // #5388
+        return fn.apply(self, args);
+      } else {
+        args.unshift(null);
+        return new (Function.prototype.bind.apply(fn, args))();
+      }
     }
 
+
     function instantiate(Type, locals, serviceName) {
       // Check if Type is annotated and use just the given function at n-1 as parameter
       // e.g. someModule.factory('greeter', ['$window', function(renamed$window) {}]);
-      // Object creation: http://jsperf.com/create-constructor/2
-      var instance = Object.create((isArray(Type) ? Type[Type.length - 1] : Type).prototype || null);
-      var returnedValue = invoke(Type, instance, locals, serviceName);
-
-      return isObject(returnedValue) || isFunction(returnedValue) ? returnedValue : instance;
+      var ctor = (isArray(Type) ? Type[Type.length - 1] : Type);
+      var args = injectionArgs(Type, locals, serviceName);
+      // Empty object at position 0 is ignored for invocation with `new`, but required.
+      args.unshift(null);
+      return new (Function.prototype.bind.apply(ctor, args))();
     }
 
+
     return {
       invoke: invoke,
       instantiate: instantiate,
@@ -4515,7 +4696,7 @@ function $AnchorScrollProvider() {
    * When called, it scrolls to the element related to the specified `hash` or (if omitted) to the
    * current value of {@link ng.$location#hash $location.hash()}, according to the rules specified
    * in the
-   * [HTML5 spec](http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html#the-indicated-part-of-the-document).
+   * [HTML5 spec](http://www.w3.org/html/wg/drafts/html/master/browsers.html#the-indicated-part-of-the-document).
    *
    * It also watches the {@link ng.$location#hash $location.hash()} and automatically scrolls to
    * match any anchor whenever it changes. This can be disabled by calling
@@ -4798,27 +4979,8 @@ function prepareAnimateOptions(options) {
       : {};
 }
 
-var $$CoreAnimateRunnerProvider = function() {
-  this.$get = ['$q', '$$rAF', function($q, $$rAF) {
-    function AnimateRunner() {}
-    AnimateRunner.all = noop;
-    AnimateRunner.chain = noop;
-    AnimateRunner.prototype = {
-      end: noop,
-      cancel: noop,
-      resume: noop,
-      pause: noop,
-      complete: noop,
-      then: function(pass, fail) {
-        return $q(function(resolve) {
-          $$rAF(function() {
-            resolve();
-          });
-        }).then(pass, fail);
-      }
-    };
-    return AnimateRunner;
-  }];
+var $$CoreAnimateJsProvider = function() {
+  this.$get = noop;
 };
 
 // this is prefixed with Core since it conflicts with
@@ -4846,65 +5008,75 @@ var $$CoreAnimateQueueProvider = function() {
           addRemoveClassesPostDigest(element, options.addClass, options.removeClass);
         }
 
-        return new $$AnimateRunner(); // jshint ignore:line
+        var runner = new $$AnimateRunner(); // jshint ignore:line
+
+        // since there are no animations to run the runner needs to be
+        // notified that the animation call is complete.
+        runner.complete();
+        return runner;
       }
     };
 
-    function addRemoveClassesPostDigest(element, add, remove) {
-      var data = postDigestQueue.get(element);
-      var classVal;
-
-      if (!data) {
-        postDigestQueue.put(element, data = {});
-        postDigestElements.push(element);
-      }
 
-      if (add) {
-        forEach(add.split(' '), function(className) {
+    function updateData(data, classes, value) {
+      var changed = false;
+      if (classes) {
+        classes = isString(classes) ? classes.split(' ') :
+                  isArray(classes) ? classes : [];
+        forEach(classes, function(className) {
           if (className) {
-            data[className] = true;
+            changed = true;
+            data[className] = value;
           }
         });
       }
+      return changed;
+    }
+
+    function handleCSSClassChanges() {
+      forEach(postDigestElements, function(element) {
+        var data = postDigestQueue.get(element);
+        if (data) {
+          var existing = splitClasses(element.attr('class'));
+          var toAdd = '';
+          var toRemove = '';
+          forEach(data, function(status, className) {
+            var hasClass = !!existing[className];
+            if (status !== hasClass) {
+              if (status) {
+                toAdd += (toAdd.length ? ' ' : '') + className;
+              } else {
+                toRemove += (toRemove.length ? ' ' : '') + className;
+              }
+            }
+          });
 
-      if (remove) {
-        forEach(remove.split(' '), function(className) {
-          if (className) {
-            data[className] = false;
-          }
-        });
-      }
+          forEach(element, function(elm) {
+            toAdd    && jqLiteAddClass(elm, toAdd);
+            toRemove && jqLiteRemoveClass(elm, toRemove);
+          });
+          postDigestQueue.remove(element);
+        }
+      });
+      postDigestElements.length = 0;
+    }
 
-      if (postDigestElements.length > 1) return;
-
-      $rootScope.$$postDigest(function() {
-        forEach(postDigestElements, function(element) {
-          var data = postDigestQueue.get(element);
-          if (data) {
-            var existing = splitClasses(element.attr('class'));
-            var toAdd = '';
-            var toRemove = '';
-            forEach(data, function(status, className) {
-              var hasClass = !!existing[className];
-              if (status !== hasClass) {
-                if (status) {
-                  toAdd += (toAdd.length ? ' ' : '') + className;
-                } else {
-                  toRemove += (toRemove.length ? ' ' : '') + className;
-                }
-              }
-            });
 
-            forEach(element, function(elm) {
-              toAdd    && jqLiteAddClass(elm, toAdd);
-              toRemove && jqLiteRemoveClass(elm, toRemove);
-            });
-            postDigestQueue.remove(element);
-          }
-        });
+    function addRemoveClassesPostDigest(element, add, remove) {
+      var data = postDigestQueue.get(element) || {};
 
-        postDigestElements.length = 0;
-      });
+      var classesAdded = updateData(data, add, true);
+      var classesRemoved = updateData(data, remove, false);
+
+      if (classesAdded || classesRemoved) {
+
+        postDigestQueue.put(element, data);
+        postDigestElements.push(element);
+
+        if (postDigestElements.length === 1) {
+          $rootScope.$$postDigest(handleCSSClassChanges);
+        }
+      }
     }
   }];
 };
@@ -5025,7 +5197,7 @@ var $AnimateProvider = ['$provide', function($provide) {
      * when an animation is detected (and animations are enabled), $animate will do the heavy lifting
      * to ensure that animation runs with the triggered DOM operation.
      *
-     * By default $animate doesn't trigger an animations. This is because the `ngAnimate` module isn't
+     * By default $animate doesn't trigger any animations. This is because the `ngAnimate` module isn't
      * included and only when it is active then the animation hooks that `$animate` triggers will be
      * functional. Once active then all structural `ng-` directives will trigger animations as they perform
      * their DOM-related operations (enter, leave and move). Other directives such as `ngClass`,
@@ -5083,8 +5255,8 @@ var $AnimateProvider = ['$provide', function($provide) {
        * // remove all the animation event listeners listening for `enter` on the given element and its children
        * $animate.off('enter', container);
        *
-       * // remove the event listener function provided by `listenerFn` that is set
-       * // to listen for `enter` on the given `element` as well as its children
+       * // remove the event listener function provided by `callback` that is set
+       * // to listen for `enter` on the given `container` as well as its children
        * $animate.off('enter', container, callback);
        * ```
        *
@@ -5306,17 +5478,30 @@ var $AnimateProvider = ['$provide', function($provide) {
        * @kind function
        *
        * @description Performs an inline animation on the element which applies the provided to and from CSS styles to the element.
-       * If any detected CSS transition, keyframe or JavaScript matches the provided className value then the animation will take
-       * on the provided styles. For example, if a transition animation is set for the given className then the provided from and
-       * to styles will be applied alongside the given transition. If a JavaScript animation is detected then the provided styles
-       * will be given in as function paramters into the `animate` method (or as apart of the `options` parameter).
+       * If any detected CSS transition, keyframe or JavaScript matches the provided className value, then the animation will take
+       * on the provided styles. For example, if a transition animation is set for the given classNamem, then the provided `from` and
+       * `to` styles will be applied alongside the given transition. If the CSS style provided in `from` does not have a corresponding
+       * style in `to`, the style in `from` is applied immediately, and no animation is run.
+       * If a JavaScript animation is detected then the provided styles will be given in as function parameters into the `animate`
+       * method (or as part of the `options` parameter):
+       *
+       * ```js
+       * ngModule.animation('.my-inline-animation', function() {
+       *   return {
+       *     animate : function(element, from, to, done, options) {
+       *       //animation
+       *       done();
+       *     }
+       *   }
+       * });
+       * ```
        *
        * @param {DOMElement} element the element which the CSS styles will be applied to
        * @param {object} from the from (starting) CSS styles that will be applied to the element and across the animation.
        * @param {object} to the to (destination) CSS styles that will be applied to the element and across the animation.
        * @param {string=} className an optional CSS class that will be applied to the element for the duration of the animation. If
        *    this value is left as empty then a CSS class of `ng-inline-animate` will be applied to the element.
-       *    (Note that if no animation is detected then this value will not be appplied to the element.)
+       *    (Note that if no animation is detected then this value will not be applied to the element.)
        * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options/styles that will be applied to the element
        *
        * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
@@ -5334,22 +5519,268 @@ var $AnimateProvider = ['$provide', function($provide) {
   }];
 }];
 
-function $$AsyncCallbackProvider() {
-  this.$get = ['$$rAF', '$timeout', function($$rAF, $timeout) {
-    return $$rAF.supported
-      ? function(fn) { return $$rAF(fn); }
-      : function(fn) {
-        return $timeout(fn, 0, false);
+var $$AnimateAsyncRunFactoryProvider = function() {
+  this.$get = ['$$rAF', function($$rAF) {
+    var waitQueue = [];
+
+    function waitForTick(fn) {
+      waitQueue.push(fn);
+      if (waitQueue.length > 1) return;
+      $$rAF(function() {
+        for (var i = 0; i < waitQueue.length; i++) {
+          waitQueue[i]();
+        }
+        waitQueue = [];
+      });
+    }
+
+    return function() {
+      var passed = false;
+      waitForTick(function() {
+        passed = true;
+      });
+      return function(callback) {
+        passed ? callback() : waitForTick(callback);
       };
+    };
   }];
-}
+};
 
-/* global stripHash: true */
+var $$AnimateRunnerFactoryProvider = function() {
+  this.$get = ['$q', '$sniffer', '$$animateAsyncRun', '$document', '$timeout',
+       function($q,   $sniffer,   $$animateAsyncRun,   $document,   $timeout) {
 
-/**
- * ! This is a private undocumented service !
- *
- * @name $browser
+    var INITIAL_STATE = 0;
+    var DONE_PENDING_STATE = 1;
+    var DONE_COMPLETE_STATE = 2;
+
+    AnimateRunner.chain = function(chain, callback) {
+      var index = 0;
+
+      next();
+      function next() {
+        if (index === chain.length) {
+          callback(true);
+          return;
+        }
+
+        chain[index](function(response) {
+          if (response === false) {
+            callback(false);
+            return;
+          }
+          index++;
+          next();
+        });
+      }
+    };
+
+    AnimateRunner.all = function(runners, callback) {
+      var count = 0;
+      var status = true;
+      forEach(runners, function(runner) {
+        runner.done(onProgress);
+      });
+
+      function onProgress(response) {
+        status = status && response;
+        if (++count === runners.length) {
+          callback(status);
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    function AnimateRunner(host) {
+      this.setHost(host);
+
+      var rafTick = $$animateAsyncRun();
+      var timeoutTick = function(fn) {
+        $timeout(fn, 0, false);
+      };
+
+      this._doneCallbacks = [];
+      this._tick = function(fn) {
+        var doc = $document[0];
+
+        // the document may not be ready or attached
+        // to the module for some internal tests
+        if (doc && doc.hidden) {
+          timeoutTick(fn);
+        } else {
+          rafTick(fn);
+        }
+      };
+      this._state = 0;
+    }
+
+    AnimateRunner.prototype = {
+      setHost: function(host) {
+        this.host = host || {};
+      },
+
+      done: function(fn) {
+        if (this._state === DONE_COMPLETE_STATE) {
+          fn();
+        } else {
+          this._doneCallbacks.push(fn);
+        }
+      },
+
+      progress: noop,
+
+      getPromise: function() {
+        if (!this.promise) {
+          var self = this;
+          this.promise = $q(function(resolve, reject) {
+            self.done(function(status) {
+              status === false ? reject() : resolve();
+            });
+          });
+        }
+        return this.promise;
+      },
+
+      then: function(resolveHandler, rejectHandler) {
+        return this.getPromise().then(resolveHandler, rejectHandler);
+      },
+
+      'catch': function(handler) {
+        return this.getPromise()['catch'](handler);
+      },
+
+      'finally': function(handler) {
+        return this.getPromise()['finally'](handler);
+      },
+
+      pause: function() {
+        if (this.host.pause) {
+          this.host.pause();
+        }
+      },
+
+      resume: function() {
+        if (this.host.resume) {
+          this.host.resume();
+        }
+      },
+
+      end: function() {
+        if (this.host.end) {
+          this.host.end();
+        }
+        this._resolve(true);
+      },
+
+      cancel: function() {
+        if (this.host.cancel) {
+          this.host.cancel();
+        }
+        this._resolve(false);
+      },
+
+      complete: function(response) {
+        var self = this;
+        if (self._state === INITIAL_STATE) {
+          self._state = DONE_PENDING_STATE;
+          self._tick(function() {
+            self._resolve(response);
+          });
+        }
+      },
+
+      _resolve: function(response) {
+        if (this._state !== DONE_COMPLETE_STATE) {
+          forEach(this._doneCallbacks, function(fn) {
+            fn(response);
+          });
+          this._doneCallbacks.length = 0;
+          this._state = DONE_COMPLETE_STATE;
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    return AnimateRunner;
+  }];
+};
+
+/**
+ * @ngdoc service
+ * @name $animateCss
+ * @kind object
+ *
+ * @description
+ * This is the core version of `$animateCss`. By default, only when the `ngAnimate` is included,
+ * then the `$animateCss` service will actually perform animations.
+ *
+ * Click here {@link ngAnimate.$animateCss to read the documentation for $animateCss}.
+ */
+var $CoreAnimateCssProvider = function() {
+  this.$get = ['$$rAF', '$q', '$$AnimateRunner', function($$rAF, $q, $$AnimateRunner) {
+
+    return function(element, initialOptions) {
+      // all of the animation functions should create
+      // a copy of the options data, however, if a
+      // parent service has already created a copy then
+      // we should stick to using that
+      var options = initialOptions || {};
+      if (!options.$$prepared) {
+        options = copy(options);
+      }
+
+      // there is no point in applying the styles since
+      // there is no animation that goes on at all in
+      // this version of $animateCss.
+      if (options.cleanupStyles) {
+        options.from = options.to = null;
+      }
+
+      if (options.from) {
+        element.css(options.from);
+        options.from = null;
+      }
+
+      /* jshint newcap: false */
+      var closed, runner = new $$AnimateRunner();
+      return {
+        start: run,
+        end: run
+      };
+
+      function run() {
+        $$rAF(function() {
+          applyAnimationContents();
+          if (!closed) {
+            runner.complete();
+          }
+          closed = true;
+        });
+        return runner;
+      }
+
+      function applyAnimationContents() {
+        if (options.addClass) {
+          element.addClass(options.addClass);
+          options.addClass = null;
+        }
+        if (options.removeClass) {
+          element.removeClass(options.removeClass);
+          options.removeClass = null;
+        }
+        if (options.to) {
+          element.css(options.to);
+          options.to = null;
+        }
+      }
+    };
+  }];
+};
+
+/* global stripHash: true */
+
+/**
+ * ! This is a private undocumented service !
+ *
+ * @name $browser
  * @requires $log
  * @description
  * This object has two goals:
@@ -5369,7 +5800,6 @@ function $$AsyncCallbackProvider() {
  */
 function Browser(window, document, $log, $sniffer) {
   var self = this,
-      rawDocument = document[0],
       location = window.location,
       history = window.history,
       setTimeout = window.setTimeout,
@@ -5432,7 +5862,14 @@ function Browser(window, document, $log, $sniffer) {
   var cachedState, lastHistoryState,
       lastBrowserUrl = location.href,
       baseElement = document.find('base'),
-      reloadLocation = null;
+      pendingLocation = null,
+      getCurrentState = !$sniffer.history ? noop : function getCurrentState() {
+        try {
+          return history.state;
+        } catch (e) {
+          // MSIE can reportedly throw when there is no state (UNCONFIRMED).
+        }
+      };
 
   cacheState();
   lastHistoryState = cachedState;
@@ -5492,8 +5929,8 @@ function Browser(window, document, $log, $sniffer) {
         // Do the assignment again so that those two variables are referentially identical.
         lastHistoryState = cachedState;
       } else {
-        if (!sameBase || reloadLocation) {
-          reloadLocation = url;
+        if (!sameBase || pendingLocation) {
+          pendingLocation = url;
         }
         if (replace) {
           location.replace(url);
@@ -5502,14 +5939,18 @@ function Browser(window, document, $log, $sniffer) {
         } else {
           location.hash = getHash(url);
         }
+        if (location.href !== url) {
+          pendingLocation = url;
+        }
       }
       return self;
     // getter
     } else {
-      // - reloadLocation is needed as browsers don't allow to read out
-      //   the new location.href if a reload happened.
+      // - pendingLocation is needed as browsers don't allow to read out
+      //   the new location.href if a reload happened or if there is a bug like in iOS 9 (see
+      //   https://openradar.appspot.com/22186109).
       // - the replacement is a workaround for https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=407172
-      return reloadLocation || location.href.replace(/%27/g,"'");
+      return pendingLocation || location.href.replace(/%27/g,"'");
     }
   };
 
@@ -5531,18 +5972,11 @@ function Browser(window, document, $log, $sniffer) {
       urlChangeInit = false;
 
   function cacheStateAndFireUrlChange() {
+    pendingLocation = null;
     cacheState();
     fireUrlChange();
   }
 
-  function getCurrentState() {
-    try {
-      return history.state;
-    } catch (e) {
-      // MSIE can reportedly throw when there is no state (UNCONFIRMED).
-    }
-  }
-
   // This variable should be used *only* inside the cacheState function.
   var lastCachedState = null;
   function cacheState() {
@@ -5766,10 +6200,10 @@ function $BrowserProvider() {
            $scope.keys = [];
            $scope.cache = $cacheFactory('cacheId');
            $scope.put = function(key, value) {
-             if ($scope.cache.get(key) === undefined) {
+             if (angular.isUndefined($scope.cache.get(key))) {
                $scope.keys.push(key);
              }
-             $scope.cache.put(key, value === undefined ? null : value);
+             $scope.cache.put(key, angular.isUndefined(value) ? null : value);
            };
          }]);
      </file>
@@ -5792,9 +6226,9 @@ function $CacheFactoryProvider() {
 
       var size = 0,
           stats = extend({}, options, {id: cacheId}),
-          data = {},
+          data = createMap(),
           capacity = (options && options.capacity) || Number.MAX_VALUE,
-          lruHash = {},
+          lruHash = createMap(),
           freshEnd = null,
           staleEnd = null;
 
@@ -5922,6 +6356,8 @@ function $CacheFactoryProvider() {
             delete lruHash[key];
           }
 
+          if (!(key in data)) return;
+
           delete data[key];
           size--;
         },
@@ -5936,9 +6372,9 @@ function $CacheFactoryProvider() {
          * Clears the cache object of any entries.
          */
         removeAll: function() {
-          data = {};
+          data = createMap();
           size = 0;
-          lruHash = {};
+          lruHash = createMap();
           freshEnd = staleEnd = null;
         },
 
@@ -6227,7 +6663,7 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  * When this property is set to true, the HTML compiler will collect DOM nodes between
  * nodes with the attributes `directive-name-start` and `directive-name-end`, and group them
  * together as the directive elements. It is recommended that this feature be used on directives
- * which are not strictly behavioural (such as {@link ngClick}), and which
+ * which are not strictly behavioral (such as {@link ngClick}), and which
  * do not manipulate or replace child nodes (such as {@link ngInclude}).
  *
  * #### `priority`
@@ -6245,59 +6681,129 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  * and other directives used in the directive's template will also be excluded from execution.
  *
  * #### `scope`
- * **If set to `true`,** then a new scope will be created for this directive. If multiple directives on the
- * same element request a new scope, only one new scope is created. The new scope rule does not
- * apply for the root of the template since the root of the template always gets a new scope.
+ * The scope property can be `true`, an object or a falsy value:
  *
- * **If set to `{}` (object hash),** then a new "isolate" scope is created. The 'isolate' scope differs from
- * normal scope in that it does not prototypically inherit from the parent scope. This is useful
- * when creating reusable components, which should not accidentally read or modify data in the
- * parent scope.
+ * * **falsy:** No scope will be created for the directive. The directive will use its parent's scope.
  *
- * The 'isolate' scope takes an object hash which defines a set of local scope properties
- * derived from the parent scope. These local properties are useful for aliasing values for
- * templates. Locals definition is a hash of local scope property to its source:
+ * * **`true`:** A new child scope that prototypically inherits from its parent will be created for
+ * the directive's element. If multiple directives on the same element request a new scope,
+ * only one new scope is created. The new scope rule does not apply for the root of the template
+ * since the root of the template always gets a new scope.
+ *
+ * * **`{...}` (an object hash):** A new "isolate" scope is created for the directive's element. The
+ * 'isolate' scope differs from normal scope in that it does not prototypically inherit from its parent
+ * scope. This is useful when creating reusable components, which should not accidentally read or modify
+ * data in the parent scope.
+ *
+ * The 'isolate' scope object hash defines a set of local scope properties derived from attributes on the
+ * directive's element. These local properties are useful for aliasing values for templates. The keys in
+ * the object hash map to the name of the property on the isolate scope; the values define how the property
+ * is bound to the parent scope, via matching attributes on the directive's element:
  *
  * * `@` or `@attr` - bind a local scope property to the value of DOM attribute. The result is
- *   always a string since DOM attributes are strings. If no `attr` name is specified  then the
- *   attribute name is assumed to be the same as the local name.
- *   Given `<widget my-attr="hello {{name}}">` and widget definition
- *   of `scope: { localName:'@myAttr' }`, then widget scope property `localName` will reflect
- *   the interpolated value of `hello {{name}}`. As the `name` attribute changes so will the
- *   `localName` property on the widget scope. The `name` is read from the parent scope (not
- *   component scope).
- *
- * * `=` or `=attr` - set up bi-directional binding between a local scope property and the
- *   parent scope property of name defined via the value of the `attr` attribute. If no `attr`
- *   name is specified then the attribute name is assumed to be the same as the local name.
- *   Given `<widget my-attr="parentModel">` and widget definition of
- *   `scope: { localModel:'=myAttr' }`, then widget scope property `localModel` will reflect the
+ *   always a string since DOM attributes are strings. If no `attr` name is specified then the
+ *   attribute name is assumed to be the same as the local name. Given `<my-component
+ *   my-attr="hello {{name}}">` and the isolate scope definition `scope: { localName:'@myAttr' }`,
+ *   the directive's scope property `localName` will reflect the interpolated value of `hello
+ *   {{name}}`. As the `name` attribute changes so will the `localName` property on the directive's
+ *   scope. The `name` is read from the parent scope (not the directive's scope).
+ *
+ * * `=` or `=attr` - set up a bidirectional binding between a local scope property and an expression
+ *   passed via the attribute `attr`. The expression is evaluated in the context of the parent scope.
+ *   If no `attr` name is specified then the attribute name is assumed to be the same as the local
+ *   name. Given `<my-component my-attr="parentModel">` and the isolate scope definition `scope: {
+ *   localModel: '=myAttr' }`, the property `localModel` on the directive's scope will reflect the
+ *   value of `parentModel` on the parent scope. Changes to `parentModel` will be reflected in
+ *   `localModel` and vice versa. Optional attributes should be marked as such with a question mark:
+ *   `=?` or `=?attr`. If the binding expression is non-assignable, or if the attribute isn't
+ *   optional and doesn't exist, an exception ({@link error/$compile/nonassign `$compile:nonassign`})
+ *   will be thrown upon discovering changes to the local value, since it will be impossible to sync
+ *   them back to the parent scope. By default, the {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$watch `$watch`}
+ *   method is used for tracking changes, and the equality check is based on object identity.
+ *   However, if an object literal or an array literal is passed as the binding expression, the
+ *   equality check is done by value (using the {@link angular.equals} function). It's also possible
+ *   to watch the evaluated value shallowly with {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$watchCollection
+ *   `$watchCollection`}: use `=*` or `=*attr` (`=*?` or `=*?attr` if the attribute is optional).
+ *
+  * * `<` or `<attr` - set up a one-way (one-directional) binding between a local scope property and an
+ *   expression passed via the attribute `attr`. The expression is evaluated in the context of the
+ *   parent scope. If no `attr` name is specified then the attribute name is assumed to be the same as the
+ *   local name. You can also make the binding optional by adding `?`: `<?` or `<?attr`.
+ *
+ *   For example, given `<my-component my-attr="parentModel">` and directive definition of
+ *   `scope: { localModel:'<myAttr' }`, then the isolated scope property `localModel` will reflect the
  *   value of `parentModel` on the parent scope. Any changes to `parentModel` will be reflected
- *   in `localModel` and any changes in `localModel` will reflect in `parentModel`. If the parent
- *   scope property doesn't exist, it will throw a NON_ASSIGNABLE_MODEL_EXPRESSION exception. You
- *   can avoid this behavior using `=?` or `=?attr` in order to flag the property as optional. If
- *   you want to shallow watch for changes (i.e. $watchCollection instead of $watch) you can use
- *   `=*` or `=*attr` (`=*?` or `=*?attr` if the property is optional).
- *
- * * `&` or `&attr` - provides a way to execute an expression in the context of the parent scope.
- *   If no `attr` name is specified then the attribute name is assumed to be the same as the
- *   local name. Given `<widget my-attr="count = count + value">` and widget definition of
- *   `scope: { localFn:'&myAttr' }`, then isolate scope property `localFn` will point to
- *   a function wrapper for the `count = count + value` expression. Often it's desirable to
- *   pass data from the isolated scope via an expression to the parent scope, this can be
- *   done by passing a map of local variable names and values into the expression wrapper fn.
- *   For example, if the expression is `increment(amount)` then we can specify the amount value
- *   by calling the `localFn` as `localFn({amount: 22})`.
+ *   in `localModel`, but changes in `localModel` will not reflect in `parentModel`. There are however
+ *   two caveats:
+ *     1. one-way binding does not copy the value from the parent to the isolate scope, it simply
+ *     sets the same value. That means if your bound value is an object, changes to its properties
+ *     in the isolated scope will be reflected in the parent scope (because both reference the same object).
+ *     2. one-way binding watches changes to the **identity** of the parent value. That means the
+ *     {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$watch `$watch`} on the parent value only fires if the reference
+ *     to the value has changed. In most cases, this should not be of concern, but can be important
+ *     to know if you one-way bind to an object, and then replace that object in the isolated scope.
+ *     If you now change a property of the object in your parent scope, the change will not be
+ *     propagated to the isolated scope, because the identity of the object on the parent scope
+ *     has not changed. Instead you must assign a new object.
+ *
+ *   One-way binding is useful if you do not plan to propagate changes to your isolated scope bindings
+ *   back to the parent. However, it does not make this completely impossible.
+ *
+ * * `&` or `&attr` - provides a way to execute an expression in the context of the parent scope. If
+ *   no `attr` name is specified then the attribute name is assumed to be the same as the local name.
+ *   Given `<my-component my-attr="count = count + value">` and the isolate scope definition `scope: {
+ *   localFn:'&myAttr' }`, the isolate scope property `localFn` will point to a function wrapper for
+ *   the `count = count + value` expression. Often it's desirable to pass data from the isolated scope
+ *   via an expression to the parent scope. This can be done by passing a map of local variable names
+ *   and values into the expression wrapper fn. For example, if the expression is `increment(amount)`
+ *   then we can specify the amount value by calling the `localFn` as `localFn({amount: 22})`.
+ *
+ * In general it's possible to apply more than one directive to one element, but there might be limitations
+ * depending on the type of scope required by the directives. The following points will help explain these limitations.
+ * For simplicity only two directives are taken into account, but it is also applicable for several directives:
+ *
+ * * **no scope** + **no scope** => Two directives which don't require their own scope will use their parent's scope
+ * * **child scope** + **no scope** =>  Both directives will share one single child scope
+ * * **child scope** + **child scope** =>  Both directives will share one single child scope
+ * * **isolated scope** + **no scope** =>  The isolated directive will use it's own created isolated scope. The other directive will use
+ * its parent's scope
+ * * **isolated scope** + **child scope** =>  **Won't work!** Only one scope can be related to one element. Therefore these directives cannot
+ * be applied to the same element.
+ * * **isolated scope** + **isolated scope**  =>  **Won't work!** Only one scope can be related to one element. Therefore these directives
+ * cannot be applied to the same element.
  *
  *
  * #### `bindToController`
- * When an isolate scope is used for a component (see above), and `controllerAs` is used, `bindToController: true` will
- * allow a component to have its properties bound to the controller, rather than to scope. When the controller
- * is instantiated, the initial values of the isolate scope bindings are already available.
+ * This property is used to bind scope properties directly to the controller. It can be either
+ * `true` or an object hash with the same format as the `scope` property. Additionally, a controller
+ * alias must be set, either by using `controllerAs: 'myAlias'` or by specifying the alias in the controller
+ * definition: `controller: 'myCtrl as myAlias'`.
+ *
+ * When an isolate scope is used for a directive (see above), `bindToController: true` will
+ * allow a component to have its properties bound to the controller, rather than to scope.
+ *
+ * After the controller is instantiated, the initial values of the isolate scope bindings will be bound to the controller
+ * properties. You can access these bindings once they have been initialized by providing a controller method called
+ * `$onInit`, which is called after all the controllers on an element have been constructed and had their bindings
+ * initialized.
+ *
+ * <div class="alert alert-warning">
+ * **Deprecation warning:** although bindings for non-ES6 class controllers are currently
+ * bound to `this` before the controller constructor is called, this use is now deprecated. Please place initialization
+ * code that relies upon bindings inside a `$onInit` method on the controller, instead.
+ * </div>
+ *
+ * It is also possible to set `bindToController` to an object hash with the same format as the `scope` property.
+ * This will set up the scope bindings to the controller directly. Note that `scope` can still be used
+ * to define which kind of scope is created. By default, no scope is created. Use `scope: {}` to create an isolate
+ * scope (useful for component directives).
+ *
+ * If both `bindToController` and `scope` are defined and have object hashes, `bindToController` overrides `scope`.
+ *
  *
  * #### `controller`
  * Controller constructor function. The controller is instantiated before the
- * pre-linking phase and it is shared with other directives (see
+ * pre-linking phase and can be accessed by other directives (see
  * `require` attribute). This allows the directives to communicate with each other and augment
  * each other's behavior. The controller is injectable (and supports bracket notation) with the following locals:
  *
@@ -6305,10 +6811,10 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  * * `$element` - Current element
  * * `$attrs` - Current attributes object for the element
  * * `$transclude` - A transclude linking function pre-bound to the correct transclusion scope:
- *   `function([scope], cloneLinkingFn, futureParentElement)`.
- *    * `scope`: optional argument to override the scope.
- *    * `cloneLinkingFn`: optional argument to create clones of the original transcluded content.
- *    * `futureParentElement`:
+ *   `function([scope], cloneLinkingFn, futureParentElement, slotName)`:
+ *    * `scope`: (optional) override the scope.
+ *    * `cloneLinkingFn`: (optional) argument to create clones of the original transcluded content.
+ *    * `futureParentElement` (optional):
  *        * defines the parent to which the `cloneLinkingFn` will add the cloned elements.
  *        * default: `$element.parent()` resp. `$element` for `transclude:'element'` resp. `transclude:true`.
  *        * only needed for transcludes that are allowed to contain non html elements (e.g. SVG elements)
@@ -6316,14 +6822,48 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  *          as those elements need to created and cloned in a special way when they are defined outside their
  *          usual containers (e.g. like `<svg>`).
  *        * See also the `directive.templateNamespace` property.
+ *    * `slotName`: (optional) the name of the slot to transclude. If falsy (e.g. `null`, `undefined` or `''`)
+ *      then the default translusion is provided.
+ *    The `$transclude` function also has a method on it, `$transclude.isSlotFilled(slotName)`, which returns
+ *    `true` if the specified slot contains content (i.e. one or more DOM nodes).
+ *
+ * The controller can provide the following methods that act as life-cycle hooks:
+ * * `$onInit()` - Called on each controller after all the controllers on an element have been constructed and
+ *   had their bindings initialized (and before the pre &amp; post linking functions for the directives on
+ *   this element). This is a good place to put initialization code for your controller.
+ * * `$onChanges(changesObj)` - Called whenever one-way (`<`) or interpolation (`@`) bindings are updated. The
+ *   `changesObj` is a hash whose keys are the names of the bound properties that have changed, and the values are an
+ *   object of the form `{ currentValue: ..., previousValue: ... }`. Use this hook to trigger updates within a component
+ *   such as cloning the bound value to prevent accidental mutation of the outer value.
+ * * `$onDestroy()` - Called on a controller when its containing scope is destroyed. Use this hook for releasing
+ *   external resources, watches and event handlers. Note that components have their `$onDestroy()` hooks called in
+ *   the same order as the `$scope.$broadcast` events are triggered, which is top down. This means that parent
+ *   components will have their `$onDestroy()` hook called before child components.
+ * * `$postLink()` - Called after this controller's element and its children have been linked. Similar to the post-link
+ *   function this hook can be used to set up DOM event handlers and do direct DOM manipulation.
+ *   Note that child elements that contain `templateUrl` directives will not have been compiled and linked since
+ *   they are waiting for their template to load asynchronously and their own compilation and linking has been
+ *   suspended until that occurs.
  *
  *
  * #### `require`
  * Require another directive and inject its controller as the fourth argument to the linking function. The
- * `require` takes a string name (or array of strings) of the directive(s) to pass in. If an array is used, the
- * injected argument will be an array in corresponding order. If no such directive can be
- * found, or if the directive does not have a controller, then an error is raised (unless no link function
- * is specified, in which case error checking is skipped). The name can be prefixed with:
+ * `require` property can be a string, an array or an object:
+ * * a **string** containing the name of the directive to pass to the linking function
+ * * an **array** containing the names of directives to pass to the linking function. The argument passed to the
+ * linking function will be an array of controllers in the same order as the names in the `require` property
+ * * an **object** whose property values are the names of the directives to pass to the linking function. The argument
+ * passed to the linking function will also be an object with matching keys, whose values will hold the corresponding
+ * controllers.
+ *
+ * If the `require` property is an object and `bindToController` is truthy, then the required controllers are
+ * bound to the controller using the keys of the `require` property. This binding occurs after all the controllers
+ * have been constructed but before `$onInit` is called.
+ * See the {@link $compileProvider#component} helper for an example of how this can be used.
+ *
+ * If no such required directive(s) can be found, or if the directive does not have a controller, then an error is
+ * raised (unless no link function is specified and the required controllers are not being bound to the directive
+ * controller, in which case error checking is skipped). The name can be prefixed with:
  *
  * * (no prefix) - Locate the required controller on the current element. Throw an error if not found.
  * * `?` - Attempt to locate the required controller or pass `null` to the `link` fn if not found.
@@ -6337,9 +6877,10 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  *
  * #### `controllerAs`
  * Identifier name for a reference to the controller in the directive's scope.
- * This allows the controller to be referenced from the directive template. The directive
- * needs to define a scope for this configuration to be used. Useful in the case when
- * directive is used as component.
+ * This allows the controller to be referenced from the directive template. This is especially
+ * useful when a directive is used as component, i.e. with an `isolate` scope. It's also possible
+ * to use it in a directive without an `isolate` / `new` scope, but you need to be aware that the
+ * `controllerAs` reference might overwrite a property that already exists on the parent scope.
  *
  *
  * #### `restrict`
@@ -6415,14 +6956,6 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  * The contents are compiled and provided to the directive as a **transclusion function**. See the
  * {@link $compile#transclusion Transclusion} section below.
  *
- * There are two kinds of transclusion depending upon whether you want to transclude just the contents of the
- * directive's element or the entire element:
- *
- * * `true` - transclude the content (i.e. the child nodes) of the directive's element.
- * * `'element'` - transclude the whole of the directive's element including any directives on this
- *   element that defined at a lower priority than this directive. When used, the `template`
- *   property is ignored.
- *
  *
  * #### `compile`
  *
@@ -6450,7 +6983,7 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
 
  * <div class="alert alert-warning">
  * **Note:** The compile function cannot handle directives that recursively use themselves in their
- * own templates or compile functions. Compiling these directives results in an infinite loop and a
+ * own templates or compile functions. Compiling these directives results in an infinite loop and
  * stack overflow errors.
  *
  * This can be avoided by manually using $compile in the postLink function to imperatively compile
@@ -6506,7 +7039,7 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  *     otherwise the {@link error:$compile:ctreq Missing Required Controller} error is thrown.
  *
  *     Note that you can also require the directive's own controller - it will be made available like
- *     like any other controller.
+ *     any other controller.
  *
  *   * `transcludeFn` - A transclude linking function pre-bound to the correct transclusion scope.
  *     This is the same as the `$transclude`
@@ -6532,7 +7065,7 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  *
  * ### Transclusion
  *
- * Transclusion is the process of extracting a collection of DOM element from one part of the DOM and
+ * Transclusion is the process of extracting a collection of DOM elements from one part of the DOM and
  * copying them to another part of the DOM, while maintaining their connection to the original AngularJS
  * scope from where they were taken.
  *
@@ -6552,6 +7085,34 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  * Testing Transclusion Directives}.
  * </div>
  *
+ * There are three kinds of transclusion depending upon whether you want to transclude just the contents of the
+ * directive's element, the entire element or multiple parts of the element contents:
+ *
+ * * `true` - transclude the content (i.e. the child nodes) of the directive's element.
+ * * `'element'` - transclude the whole of the directive's element including any directives on this
+ *   element that defined at a lower priority than this directive. When used, the `template`
+ *   property is ignored.
+ * * **`{...}` (an object hash):** - map elements of the content onto transclusion "slots" in the template.
+ *
+ * **Mult-slot transclusion** is declared by providing an object for the `transclude` property.
+ *
+ * This object is a map where the keys are the name of the slot to fill and the value is an element selector
+ * used to match the HTML to the slot. The element selector should be in normalized form (e.g. `myElement`)
+ * and will match the standard element variants (e.g. `my-element`, `my:element`, `data-my-element`, etc).
+ *
+ * For further information check out the guide on {@link guide/directive#matching-directives Matching Directives}
+ *
+ * If the element selector is prefixed with a `?` then that slot is optional.
+ *
+ * For example, the transclude object `{ slotA: '?myCustomElement' }` maps `<my-custom-element>` elements to
+ * the `slotA` slot, which can be accessed via the `$transclude` function or via the {@link ngTransclude} directive.
+ *
+ * Slots that are not marked as optional (`?`) will trigger a compile time error if there are no matching elements
+ * in the transclude content. If you wish to know if an optional slot was filled with content, then you can call
+ * `$transclude.isSlotFilled(slotName)` on the transclude function passed to the directive's link function and
+ * injectable into the directive's controller.
+ *
+ *
  * #### Transclusion Functions
  *
  * When a directive requests transclusion, the compiler extracts its contents and provides a **transclusion
@@ -6572,7 +7133,7 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  * content and the `scope` is the newly created transclusion scope, to which the clone is bound.
  *
  * <div class="alert alert-info">
- * **Best Practice**: Always provide a `cloneFn` (clone attach function) when you call a translude function
+ * **Best Practice**: Always provide a `cloneFn` (clone attach function) when you call a transclude function
  * since you then get a fresh clone of the original DOM and also have access to the new transclusion scope.
  * </div>
  *
@@ -6604,7 +7165,7 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  * </div>
  *
  * The built-in DOM manipulation directives, such as {@link ngIf}, {@link ngSwitch} and {@link ngRepeat}
- * automatically destroy their transluded clones as necessary so you do not need to worry about this if
+ * automatically destroy their transcluded clones as necessary so you do not need to worry about this if
  * you are simply using {@link ngTransclude} to inject the transclusion into your directive.
  *
  *
@@ -6629,19 +7190,19 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  *
  * The `$parent` scope hierarchy will look like this:
  *
- * ```
- * - $rootScope
- *   - isolate
- *     - transclusion
- * ```
+   ```
+   - $rootScope
+     - isolate
+       - transclusion
+   ```
  *
  * but the scopes will inherit prototypically from different scopes to their `$parent`.
  *
- * ```
- * - $rootScope
- *   - transclusion
- * - isolate
- * ```
+   ```
+   - $rootScope
+     - transclusion
+   - isolate
+   ```
  *
  *
  * ### Attributes
@@ -6649,10 +7210,9 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  * The {@link ng.$compile.directive.Attributes Attributes} object - passed as a parameter in the
  * `link()` or `compile()` functions. It has a variety of uses.
  *
- * accessing *Normalized attribute names:*
- * Directives like 'ngBind' can be expressed in many ways: 'ng:bind', `data-ng-bind`, or 'x-ng-bind'.
- * the attributes object allows for normalized access to
- *   the attributes.
+ * * *Accessing normalized attribute names:* Directives like 'ngBind' can be expressed in many ways:
+ *   'ng:bind', `data-ng-bind`, or 'x-ng-bind'. The attributes object allows for normalized access
+ *   to the attributes.
  *
  * * *Directive inter-communication:* All directives share the same instance of the attributes
  *   object which allows the directives to use the attributes object as inter directive
@@ -6773,8 +7333,15 @@ function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
  *        directives; if given, it will be passed through to the link functions of
  *        directives found in `element` during compilation.
  *      * `transcludeControllers` - an object hash with keys that map controller names
- *        to controller instances; if given, it will make the controllers
- *        available to directives.
+ *        to a hash with the key `instance`, which maps to the controller instance;
+ *        if given, it will make the controllers available to directives on the compileNode:
+ *        ```
+ *        {
+ *          parent: {
+ *            instance: parentControllerInstance
+ *          }
+ *        }
+ *        ```
  *      * `futureParentElement` - defines the parent to which the `cloneAttachFn` will add
  *        the cloned elements; only needed for transcludes that are allowed to contain non html
  *        elements (e.g. SVG elements). See also the directive.controller property.
@@ -6833,13 +7400,18 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
   // The assumption is that future DOM event attribute names will begin with
   // 'on' and be composed of only English letters.
   var EVENT_HANDLER_ATTR_REGEXP = /^(on[a-z]+|formaction)$/;
+  var bindingCache = createMap();
 
   function parseIsolateBindings(scope, directiveName, isController) {
-    var LOCAL_REGEXP = /^\s*([@&]|=(\*?))(\??)\s*(\w*)\s*$/;
+    var LOCAL_REGEXP = /^\s*([@&<]|=(\*?))(\??)\s*(\w*)\s*$/;
 
     var bindings = {};
 
     forEach(scope, function(definition, scopeName) {
+      if (definition in bindingCache) {
+        bindings[scopeName] = bindingCache[definition];
+        return;
+      }
       var match = definition.match(LOCAL_REGEXP);
 
       if (!match) {
@@ -6857,6 +7429,9 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
         optional: match[3] === '?',
         attrName: match[4] || scopeName
       };
+      if (match[4]) {
+        bindingCache[definition] = bindings[scopeName];
+      }
     });
 
     return bindings;
@@ -6902,11 +7477,11 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
   function assertValidDirectiveName(name) {
     var letter = name.charAt(0);
     if (!letter || letter !== lowercase(letter)) {
-      throw $compileMinErr('baddir', "Directive name '{0}' is invalid. The first character must be a lowercase letter", name);
+      throw $compileMinErr('baddir', "Directive/Component name '{0}' is invalid. The first character must be a lowercase letter", name);
     }
     if (name !== name.trim()) {
       throw $compileMinErr('baddir',
-            "Directive name '{0}' is invalid. The name should not contain leading or trailing whitespaces",
+            "Directive/Component name '{0}' is invalid. The name should not contain leading or trailing whitespaces",
             name);
     }
   }
@@ -6922,11 +7497,11 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
    * @param {string|Object} name Name of the directive in camel-case (i.e. <code>ngBind</code> which
    *    will match as <code>ng-bind</code>), or an object map of directives where the keys are the
    *    names and the values are the factories.
-   * @param {Function|Array} directiveFactory An injectable directive factory function. See
-   *    {@link guide/directive} for more info.
+   * @param {Function|Array} directiveFactory An injectable directive factory function. See the
+   *    {@link guide/directive directive guide} and the {@link $compile compile API} for more info.
    * @returns {ng.$compileProvider} Self for chaining.
    */
-   this.directive = function registerDirective(name, directiveFactory) {
+  this.directive = function registerDirective(name, directiveFactory) {
     assertNotHasOwnProperty(name, 'directive');
     if (isString(name)) {
       assertValidDirectiveName(name);
@@ -6949,11 +7524,6 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
                 directive.name = directive.name || name;
                 directive.require = directive.require || (directive.controller && directive.name);
                 directive.restrict = directive.restrict || 'EA';
-                var bindings = directive.$$bindings =
-                    parseDirectiveBindings(directive, directive.name);
-                if (isObject(bindings.isolateScope)) {
-                  directive.$$isolateBindings = bindings.isolateScope;
-                }
                 directive.$$moduleName = directiveFactory.$$moduleName;
                 directives.push(directive);
               } catch (e) {
@@ -6970,6 +7540,131 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
     return this;
   };
 
+  /**
+   * @ngdoc method
+   * @name $compileProvider#component
+   * @module ng
+   * @param {string} name Name of the component in camelCase (i.e. `myComp` which will match `<my-comp>`)
+   * @param {Object} options Component definition object (a simplified
+   *    {@link ng.$compile#directive-definition-object directive definition object}),
+   *    with the following properties (all optional):
+   *
+   *    - `controller` – `{(string|function()=}` – controller constructor function that should be
+   *      associated with newly created scope or the name of a {@link ng.$compile#-controller-
+   *      registered controller} if passed as a string. An empty `noop` function by default.
+   *    - `controllerAs` – `{string=}` – identifier name for to reference the controller in the component's scope.
+   *      If present, the controller will be published to scope under the `controllerAs` name.
+   *      If not present, this will default to be `$ctrl`.
+   *    - `template` – `{string=|function()=}` – html template as a string or a function that
+   *      returns an html template as a string which should be used as the contents of this component.
+   *      Empty string by default.
+   *
+   *      If `template` is a function, then it is {@link auto.$injector#invoke injected} with
+   *      the following locals:
+   *
+   *      - `$element` - Current element
+   *      - `$attrs` - Current attributes object for the element
+   *
+   *    - `templateUrl` – `{string=|function()=}` – path or function that returns a path to an html
+   *      template that should be used  as the contents of this component.
+   *
+   *      If `templateUrl` is a function, then it is {@link auto.$injector#invoke injected} with
+   *      the following locals:
+   *
+   *      - `$element` - Current element
+   *      - `$attrs` - Current attributes object for the element
+   *
+   *    - `bindings` – `{object=}` – defines bindings between DOM attributes and component properties.
+   *      Component properties are always bound to the component controller and not to the scope.
+   *      See {@link ng.$compile#-bindtocontroller- `bindToController`}.
+   *    - `transclude` – `{boolean=}` – whether {@link $compile#transclusion content transclusion} is enabled.
+   *      Disabled by default.
+   *    - `$...` – additional properties to attach to the directive factory function and the controller
+   *      constructor function. (This is used by the component router to annotate)
+   *
+   * @returns {ng.$compileProvider} the compile provider itself, for chaining of function calls.
+   * @description
+   * Register a **component definition** with the compiler. This is a shorthand for registering a special
+   * type of directive, which represents a self-contained UI component in your application. Such components
+   * are always isolated (i.e. `scope: {}`) and are always restricted to elements (i.e. `restrict: 'E'`).
+   *
+   * Component definitions are very simple and do not require as much configuration as defining general
+   * directives. Component definitions usually consist only of a template and a controller backing it.
+   *
+   * In order to make the definition easier, components enforce best practices like use of `controllerAs`,
+   * `bindToController`. They always have **isolate scope** and are restricted to elements.
+   *
+   * Here are a few examples of how you would usually define components:
+   *
+   * ```js
+   *   var myMod = angular.module(...);
+   *   myMod.component('myComp', {
+   *     template: '<div>My name is {{$ctrl.name}}</div>',
+   *     controller: function() {
+   *       this.name = 'shahar';
+   *     }
+   *   });
+   *
+   *   myMod.component('myComp', {
+   *     template: '<div>My name is {{$ctrl.name}}</div>',
+   *     bindings: {name: '@'}
+   *   });
+   *
+   *   myMod.component('myComp', {
+   *     templateUrl: 'views/my-comp.html',
+   *     controller: 'MyCtrl',
+   *     controllerAs: 'ctrl',
+   *     bindings: {name: '@'}
+   *   });
+   *
+   * ```
+   * For more examples, and an in-depth guide, see the {@link guide/component component guide}.
+   *
+   * <br />
+   * See also {@link ng.$compileProvider#directive $compileProvider.directive()}.
+   */
+  this.component = function registerComponent(name, options) {
+    var controller = options.controller || noop;
+
+    function factory($injector) {
+      function makeInjectable(fn) {
+        if (isFunction(fn) || isArray(fn)) {
+          return function(tElement, tAttrs) {
+            return $injector.invoke(fn, this, {$element: tElement, $attrs: tAttrs});
+          };
+        } else {
+          return fn;
+        }
+      }
+
+      var template = (!options.template && !options.templateUrl ? '' : options.template);
+      return {
+        controller: controller,
+        controllerAs: identifierForController(options.controller) || options.controllerAs || '$ctrl',
+        template: makeInjectable(template),
+        templateUrl: makeInjectable(options.templateUrl),
+        transclude: options.transclude,
+        scope: {},
+        bindToController: options.bindings || {},
+        restrict: 'E',
+        require: options.require
+      };
+    }
+
+    // Copy any annotation properties (starting with $) over to the factory function
+    // These could be used by libraries such as the new component router
+    forEach(options, function(val, key) {
+      if (key.charAt(0) === '$') {
+        factory[key] = val;
+        controller[key] = val;
+      }
+    });
+
+    factory.$inject = ['$injector'];
+
+    return this.directive(name, factory);
+  };
+
 
   /**
    * @ngdoc method
@@ -7061,13 +7756,75 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
     return debugInfoEnabled;
   };
 
+
+  var TTL = 10;
+  /**
+   * @ngdoc method
+   * @name $compileProvider#onChangesTtl
+   * @description
+   *
+   * Sets the number of times `$onChanges` hooks can trigger new changes before giving up and
+   * assuming that the model is unstable.
+   *
+   * The current default is 10 iterations.
+   *
+   * In complex applications it's possible that dependencies between `$onChanges` hooks and bindings will result
+   * in several iterations of calls to these hooks. However if an application needs more than the default 10
+   * iterations to stabilize then you should investigate what is causing the model to continuously change during
+   * the `$onChanges` hook execution.
+   *
+   * Increasing the TTL could have performance implications, so you should not change it without proper justification.
+   *
+   * @param {number} limit The number of `$onChanges` hook iterations.
+   * @returns {number|object} the current limit (or `this` if called as a setter for chaining)
+   */
+  this.onChangesTtl = function(value) {
+    if (arguments.length) {
+      TTL = value;
+      return this;
+    }
+    return TTL;
+  };
+
   this.$get = [
             '$injector', '$interpolate', '$exceptionHandler', '$templateRequest', '$parse',
-            '$controller', '$rootScope', '$document', '$sce', '$animate', '$$sanitizeUri',
+            '$controller', '$rootScope', '$sce', '$animate', '$$sanitizeUri',
     function($injector,   $interpolate,   $exceptionHandler,   $templateRequest,   $parse,
-             $controller,   $rootScope,   $document,   $sce,   $animate,   $$sanitizeUri) {
+             $controller,   $rootScope,   $sce,   $animate,   $$sanitizeUri) {
+
+    var SIMPLE_ATTR_NAME = /^\w/;
+    var specialAttrHolder = document.createElement('div');
+
+
+
+    var onChangesTtl = TTL;
+    // The onChanges hooks should all be run together in a single digest
+    // When changes occur, the call to trigger their hooks will be added to this queue
+    var onChangesQueue;
+
+    // This function is called in a $$postDigest to trigger all the onChanges hooks in a single digest
+    function flushOnChangesQueue() {
+      try {
+        if (!(--onChangesTtl)) {
+          // We have hit the TTL limit so reset everything
+          onChangesQueue = undefined;
+          throw $compileMinErr('infchng', '{0} $onChanges() iterations reached. Aborting!\n', TTL);
+        }
+        // We must run this hook in an apply since the $$postDigest runs outside apply
+        $rootScope.$apply(function() {
+          for (var i = 0, ii = onChangesQueue.length; i < ii; ++i) {
+            onChangesQueue[i]();
+          }
+          // Reset the queue to trigger a new schedule next time there is a change
+          onChangesQueue = undefined;
+        });
+      } finally {
+        onChangesTtl++;
+      }
+    }
 
-    var Attributes = function(element, attributesToCopy) {
+
+    function Attributes(element, attributesToCopy) {
       if (attributesToCopy) {
         var keys = Object.keys(attributesToCopy);
         var i, l, key;
@@ -7081,7 +7838,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
       }
 
       this.$$element = element;
-    };
+    }
 
     Attributes.prototype = {
       /**
@@ -7176,7 +7933,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
 
         var node = this.$$element[0],
             booleanKey = getBooleanAttrName(node, key),
-            aliasedKey = getAliasedAttrName(node, key),
+            aliasedKey = getAliasedAttrName(key),
             observer = key,
             nodeName;
 
@@ -7202,7 +7959,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
 
         nodeName = nodeName_(this.$$element);
 
-        if ((nodeName === 'a' && key === 'href') ||
+        if ((nodeName === 'a' && (key === 'href' || key === 'xlinkHref')) ||
             (nodeName === 'img' && key === 'src')) {
           // sanitize a[href] and img[src] values
           this[key] = value = $$sanitizeUri(value, key === 'src');
@@ -7243,10 +8000,14 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
         }
 
         if (writeAttr !== false) {
-          if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+          if (value === null || isUndefined(value)) {
             this.$$element.removeAttr(attrName);
           } else {
-            this.$$element.attr(attrName, value);
+            if (SIMPLE_ATTR_NAME.test(attrName)) {
+              this.$$element.attr(attrName, value);
+            } else {
+              setSpecialAttr(this.$$element[0], attrName, value);
+            }
           }
         }
 
@@ -7277,7 +8038,8 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
        * @param {string} key Normalized key. (ie ngAttribute) .
        * @param {function(interpolatedValue)} fn Function that will be called whenever
                 the interpolated value of the attribute changes.
-       *        See the {@link guide/directive#text-and-attribute-bindings Directives} guide for more info.
+       *        See the {@link guide/interpolation#how-text-and-attribute-bindings-work Interpolation
+       *        guide} for more info.
        * @returns {function()} Returns a deregistration function for this observer.
        */
       $observe: function(key, fn) {
@@ -7287,7 +8049,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
 
         listeners.push(fn);
         $rootScope.$evalAsync(function() {
-          if (!listeners.$$inter && attrs.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+          if (!listeners.$$inter && attrs.hasOwnProperty(key) && !isUndefined(attrs[key])) {
             // no one registered attribute interpolation function, so lets call it manually
             fn(attrs[key]);
           }
@@ -7299,6 +8061,18 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
       }
     };
 
+    function setSpecialAttr(element, attrName, value) {
+      // Attributes names that do not start with letters (such as `(click)`) cannot be set using `setAttribute`
+      // so we have to jump through some hoops to get such an attribute
+      // https://github.com/angular/angular.js/pull/13318
+      specialAttrHolder.innerHTML = "<span " + attrName + ">";
+      var attributes = specialAttrHolder.firstChild.attributes;
+      var attribute = attributes[0];
+      // We have to remove the attribute from its container element before we can add it to the destination element
+      attributes.removeNamedItem(attribute.name);
+      attribute.value = value;
+      element.attributes.setNamedItem(attribute);
+    }
 
     function safeAddClass($element, className) {
       try {
@@ -7312,12 +8086,13 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
 
     var startSymbol = $interpolate.startSymbol(),
         endSymbol = $interpolate.endSymbol(),
-        denormalizeTemplate = (startSymbol == '{{' || endSymbol  == '}}')
+        denormalizeTemplate = (startSymbol == '{{' && endSymbol  == '}}')
             ? identity
             : function denormalizeTemplate(template) {
               return template.replace(/\{\{/g, startSymbol).replace(/}}/g, endSymbol);
         },
         NG_ATTR_BINDING = /^ngAttr[A-Z]/;
+    var MULTI_ELEMENT_DIR_RE = /^(.+)Start$/;
 
     compile.$$addBindingInfo = debugInfoEnabled ? function $$addBindingInfo($element, binding) {
       var bindings = $element.data('$binding') || [];
@@ -7344,6 +8119,14 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
       safeAddClass($element, isolated ? 'ng-isolate-scope' : 'ng-scope');
     } : noop;
 
+    compile.$$createComment = function(directiveName, comment) {
+      var content = '';
+      if (debugInfoEnabled) {
+        content = ' ' + (directiveName || '') + ': ' + (comment || '') + ' ';
+      }
+      return document.createComment(content);
+    };
+
     return compile;
 
     //================================
@@ -7355,13 +8138,19 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
         // modify it.
         $compileNodes = jqLite($compileNodes);
       }
+
+      var NOT_EMPTY = /\S+/;
+
       // We can not compile top level text elements since text nodes can be merged and we will
       // not be able to attach scope data to them, so we will wrap them in <span>
-      forEach($compileNodes, function(node, index) {
-        if (node.nodeType == NODE_TYPE_TEXT && node.nodeValue.match(/\S+/) /* non-empty */ ) {
-          $compileNodes[index] = jqLite(node).wrap('<span></span>').parent()[0];
+      for (var i = 0, len = $compileNodes.length; i < len; i++) {
+        var domNode = $compileNodes[i];
+
+        if (domNode.nodeType === NODE_TYPE_TEXT && domNode.nodeValue.match(NOT_EMPTY) /* non-empty */) {
+          jqLiteWrapNode(domNode, $compileNodes[i] = document.createElement('span'));
         }
-      });
+      }
+
       var compositeLinkFn =
               compileNodes($compileNodes, transcludeFn, $compileNodes,
                            maxPriority, ignoreDirective, previousCompileContext);
@@ -7370,6 +8159,14 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
       return function publicLinkFn(scope, cloneConnectFn, options) {
         assertArg(scope, 'scope');
 
+        if (previousCompileContext && previousCompileContext.needsNewScope) {
+          // A parent directive did a replace and a directive on this element asked
+          // for transclusion, which caused us to lose a layer of element on which
+          // we could hold the new transclusion scope, so we will create it manually
+          // here.
+          scope = scope.$parent.$new();
+        }
+
         options = options || {};
         var parentBoundTranscludeFn = options.parentBoundTranscludeFn,
           transcludeControllers = options.transcludeControllers,
@@ -7424,7 +8221,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
       if (!node) {
         return 'html';
       } else {
-        return nodeName_(node) !== 'foreignobject' && node.toString().match(/SVG/) ? 'svg' : 'html';
+        return nodeName_(node) !== 'foreignobject' && toString.call(node).match(/SVG/) ? 'svg' : 'html';
       }
     }
 
@@ -7515,11 +8312,6 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
             if (nodeLinkFn.scope) {
               childScope = scope.$new();
               compile.$$addScopeInfo(jqLite(node), childScope);
-              var destroyBindings = nodeLinkFn.$$destroyBindings;
-              if (destroyBindings) {
-                nodeLinkFn.$$destroyBindings = null;
-                childScope.$on('$destroyed', destroyBindings);
-              }
             } else {
               childScope = scope;
             }
@@ -7538,8 +8330,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
               childBoundTranscludeFn = null;
             }
 
-            nodeLinkFn(childLinkFn, childScope, node, $rootElement, childBoundTranscludeFn,
-                       nodeLinkFn);
+            nodeLinkFn(childLinkFn, childScope, node, $rootElement, childBoundTranscludeFn);
 
           } else if (childLinkFn) {
             childLinkFn(scope, node.childNodes, undefined, parentBoundTranscludeFn);
@@ -7549,8 +8340,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
     }
 
     function createBoundTranscludeFn(scope, transcludeFn, previousBoundTranscludeFn) {
-
-      var boundTranscludeFn = function(transcludedScope, cloneFn, controllers, futureParentElement, containingScope) {
+      function boundTranscludeFn(transcludedScope, cloneFn, controllers, futureParentElement, containingScope) {
 
         if (!transcludedScope) {
           transcludedScope = scope.$new(false, containingScope);
@@ -7562,7 +8352,18 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
           transcludeControllers: controllers,
           futureParentElement: futureParentElement
         });
-      };
+      }
+
+      // We need  to attach the transclusion slots onto the `boundTranscludeFn`
+      // so that they are available inside the `controllersBoundTransclude` function
+      var boundSlots = boundTranscludeFn.$$slots = createMap();
+      for (var slotName in transcludeFn.$$slots) {
+        if (transcludeFn.$$slots[slotName]) {
+          boundSlots[slotName] = createBoundTranscludeFn(scope, transcludeFn.$$slots[slotName], previousBoundTranscludeFn);
+        } else {
+          boundSlots[slotName] = null;
+        }
+      }
 
       return boundTranscludeFn;
     }
@@ -7608,13 +8409,11 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
                 });
             }
 
-            var directiveNName = ngAttrName.replace(/(Start|End)$/, '');
-            if (directiveIsMultiElement(directiveNName)) {
-              if (ngAttrName === directiveNName + 'Start') {
-                attrStartName = name;
-                attrEndName = name.substr(0, name.length - 5) + 'end';
-                name = name.substr(0, name.length - 6);
-              }
+            var multiElementMatch = ngAttrName.match(MULTI_ELEMENT_DIR_RE);
+            if (multiElementMatch && directiveIsMultiElement(multiElementMatch[1])) {
+              attrStartName = name;
+              attrEndName = name.substr(0, name.length - 5) + 'end';
+              name = name.substr(0, name.length - 6);
             }
 
             nName = directiveNormalize(name.toLowerCase());
@@ -7718,15 +8517,44 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
      * @returns {Function}
      */
     function groupElementsLinkFnWrapper(linkFn, attrStart, attrEnd) {
-      return function(scope, element, attrs, controllers, transcludeFn) {
+      return function groupedElementsLink(scope, element, attrs, controllers, transcludeFn) {
         element = groupScan(element[0], attrStart, attrEnd);
         return linkFn(scope, element, attrs, controllers, transcludeFn);
       };
     }
 
     /**
-     * Once the directives have been collected, their compile functions are executed. This method
-     * is responsible for inlining directive templates as well as terminating the application
+     * A function generator that is used to support both eager and lazy compilation
+     * linking function.
+     * @param eager
+     * @param $compileNodes
+     * @param transcludeFn
+     * @param maxPriority
+     * @param ignoreDirective
+     * @param previousCompileContext
+     * @returns {Function}
+     */
+    function compilationGenerator(eager, $compileNodes, transcludeFn, maxPriority, ignoreDirective, previousCompileContext) {
+      var compiled;
+
+      if (eager) {
+        return compile($compileNodes, transcludeFn, maxPriority, ignoreDirective, previousCompileContext);
+      }
+      return function lazyCompilation() {
+        if (!compiled) {
+          compiled = compile($compileNodes, transcludeFn, maxPriority, ignoreDirective, previousCompileContext);
+
+          // Null out all of these references in order to make them eligible for garbage collection
+          // since this is a potentially long lived closure
+          $compileNodes = transcludeFn = previousCompileContext = null;
+        }
+        return compiled.apply(this, arguments);
+      };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Once the directives have been collected, their compile functions are executed. This method
+     * is responsible for inlining directive templates as well as terminating the application
      * of the directives if the terminal directive has been reached.
      *
      * @param {Array} directives Array of collected directives to execute their compile function.
@@ -7768,6 +8596,8 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
           replaceDirective = originalReplaceDirective,
           childTranscludeFn = transcludeFn,
           linkFn,
+          didScanForMultipleTransclusion = false,
+          mightHaveMultipleTransclusionError = false,
           directiveValue;
 
       // executes all directives on the current element
@@ -7810,6 +8640,27 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
 
         directiveName = directive.name;
 
+        // If we encounter a condition that can result in transclusion on the directive,
+        // then scan ahead in the remaining directives for others that may cause a multiple
+        // transclusion error to be thrown during the compilation process.  If a matching directive
+        // is found, then we know that when we encounter a transcluded directive, we need to eagerly
+        // compile the `transclude` function rather than doing it lazily in order to throw
+        // exceptions at the correct time
+        if (!didScanForMultipleTransclusion && ((directive.replace && (directive.templateUrl || directive.template))
+            || (directive.transclude && !directive.$$tlb))) {
+                var candidateDirective;
+
+                for (var scanningIndex = i + 1; candidateDirective = directives[scanningIndex++];) {
+                    if ((candidateDirective.transclude && !candidateDirective.$$tlb)
+                        || (candidateDirective.replace && (candidateDirective.templateUrl || candidateDirective.template))) {
+                        mightHaveMultipleTransclusionError = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                didScanForMultipleTransclusion = true;
+        }
+
         if (!directive.templateUrl && directive.controller) {
           directiveValue = directive.controller;
           controllerDirectives = controllerDirectives || createMap();
@@ -7834,12 +8685,22 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
             terminalPriority = directive.priority;
             $template = $compileNode;
             $compileNode = templateAttrs.$$element =
-                jqLite(document.createComment(' ' + directiveName + ': ' +
-                                              templateAttrs[directiveName] + ' '));
+                jqLite(compile.$$createComment(directiveName, templateAttrs[directiveName]));
             compileNode = $compileNode[0];
             replaceWith(jqCollection, sliceArgs($template), compileNode);
 
-            childTranscludeFn = compile($template, transcludeFn, terminalPriority,
+            // Support: Chrome < 50
+            // https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/14041
+
+            // In the versions of V8 prior to Chrome 50, the document fragment that is created
+            // in the `replaceWith` function is improperly garbage collected despite still
+            // being referenced by the `parentNode` property of all of the child nodes.  By adding
+            // a reference to the fragment via a different property, we can avoid that incorrect
+            // behavior.
+            // TODO: remove this line after Chrome 50 has been released
+            $template[0].$$parentNode = $template[0].parentNode;
+
+            childTranscludeFn = compilationGenerator(mightHaveMultipleTransclusionError, $template, transcludeFn, terminalPriority,
                                         replaceDirective && replaceDirective.name, {
                                           // Don't pass in:
                                           // - controllerDirectives - otherwise we'll create duplicates controllers
@@ -7851,9 +8712,69 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
                                           nonTlbTranscludeDirective: nonTlbTranscludeDirective
                                         });
           } else {
+
+            var slots = createMap();
+
             $template = jqLite(jqLiteClone(compileNode)).contents();
+
+            if (isObject(directiveValue)) {
+
+              // We have transclusion slots,
+              // collect them up, compile them and store their transclusion functions
+              $template = [];
+
+              var slotMap = createMap();
+              var filledSlots = createMap();
+
+              // Parse the element selectors
+              forEach(directiveValue, function(elementSelector, slotName) {
+                // If an element selector starts with a ? then it is optional
+                var optional = (elementSelector.charAt(0) === '?');
+                elementSelector = optional ? elementSelector.substring(1) : elementSelector;
+
+                slotMap[elementSelector] = slotName;
+
+                // We explicitly assign `null` since this implies that a slot was defined but not filled.
+                // Later when calling boundTransclusion functions with a slot name we only error if the
+                // slot is `undefined`
+                slots[slotName] = null;
+
+                // filledSlots contains `true` for all slots that are either optional or have been
+                // filled. This is used to check that we have not missed any required slots
+                filledSlots[slotName] = optional;
+              });
+
+              // Add the matching elements into their slot
+              forEach($compileNode.contents(), function(node) {
+                var slotName = slotMap[directiveNormalize(nodeName_(node))];
+                if (slotName) {
+                  filledSlots[slotName] = true;
+                  slots[slotName] = slots[slotName] || [];
+                  slots[slotName].push(node);
+                } else {
+                  $template.push(node);
+                }
+              });
+
+              // Check for required slots that were not filled
+              forEach(filledSlots, function(filled, slotName) {
+                if (!filled) {
+                  throw $compileMinErr('reqslot', 'Required transclusion slot `{0}` was not filled.', slotName);
+                }
+              });
+
+              for (var slotName in slots) {
+                if (slots[slotName]) {
+                  // Only define a transclusion function if the slot was filled
+                  slots[slotName] = compilationGenerator(mightHaveMultipleTransclusionError, slots[slotName], transcludeFn);
+                }
+              }
+            }
+
             $compileNode.empty(); // clear contents
-            childTranscludeFn = compile($template, transcludeFn);
+            childTranscludeFn = compilationGenerator(mightHaveMultipleTransclusionError, $template, transcludeFn, undefined,
+                undefined, { needsNewScope: directive.$$isolateScope || directive.$$newScope});
+            childTranscludeFn.$$slots = slots;
           }
         }
 
@@ -7895,8 +8816,11 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
             var templateDirectives = collectDirectives(compileNode, [], newTemplateAttrs);
             var unprocessedDirectives = directives.splice(i + 1, directives.length - (i + 1));
 
-            if (newIsolateScopeDirective) {
-              markDirectivesAsIsolate(templateDirectives);
+            if (newIsolateScopeDirective || newScopeDirective) {
+              // The original directive caused the current element to be replaced but this element
+              // also needs to have a new scope, so we need to tell the template directives
+              // that they would need to get their scope from further up, if they require transclusion
+              markDirectiveScope(templateDirectives, newIsolateScopeDirective, newScopeDirective);
             }
             directives = directives.concat(templateDirectives).concat(unprocessedDirectives);
             mergeTemplateAttributes(templateAttrs, newTemplateAttrs);
@@ -7978,81 +8902,9 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
         }
       }
 
-
-      function getControllers(directiveName, require, $element, elementControllers) {
-        var value;
-
-        if (isString(require)) {
-          var match = require.match(REQUIRE_PREFIX_REGEXP);
-          var name = require.substring(match[0].length);
-          var inheritType = match[1] || match[3];
-          var optional = match[2] === '?';
-
-          //If only parents then start at the parent element
-          if (inheritType === '^^') {
-            $element = $element.parent();
-          //Otherwise attempt getting the controller from elementControllers in case
-          //the element is transcluded (and has no data) and to avoid .data if possible
-          } else {
-            value = elementControllers && elementControllers[name];
-            value = value && value.instance;
-          }
-
-          if (!value) {
-            var dataName = '$' + name + 'Controller';
-            value = inheritType ? $element.inheritedData(dataName) : $element.data(dataName);
-          }
-
-          if (!value && !optional) {
-            throw $compileMinErr('ctreq',
-                "Controller '{0}', required by directive '{1}', can't be found!",
-                name, directiveName);
-          }
-        } else if (isArray(require)) {
-          value = [];
-          for (var i = 0, ii = require.length; i < ii; i++) {
-            value[i] = getControllers(directiveName, require[i], $element, elementControllers);
-          }
-        }
-
-        return value || null;
-      }
-
-      function setupControllers($element, attrs, transcludeFn, controllerDirectives, isolateScope, scope) {
-        var elementControllers = createMap();
-        for (var controllerKey in controllerDirectives) {
-          var directive = controllerDirectives[controllerKey];
-          var locals = {
-            $scope: directive === newIsolateScopeDirective || directive.$$isolateScope ? isolateScope : scope,
-            $element: $element,
-            $attrs: attrs,
-            $transclude: transcludeFn
-          };
-
-          var controller = directive.controller;
-          if (controller == '@') {
-            controller = attrs[directive.name];
-          }
-
-          var controllerInstance = $controller(controller, locals, true, directive.controllerAs);
-
-          // For directives with element transclusion the element is a comment,
-          // but jQuery .data doesn't support attaching data to comment nodes as it's hard to
-          // clean up (http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/8335).
-          // Instead, we save the controllers for the element in a local hash and attach to .data
-          // later, once we have the actual element.
-          elementControllers[directive.name] = controllerInstance;
-          if (!hasElementTranscludeDirective) {
-            $element.data('$' + directive.name + 'Controller', controllerInstance.instance);
-          }
-        }
-        return elementControllers;
-      }
-
-      function nodeLinkFn(childLinkFn, scope, linkNode, $rootElement, boundTranscludeFn,
-                          thisLinkFn) {
-        var i, ii, linkFn, controller, isolateScope, elementControllers, transcludeFn, $element,
-            attrs;
+      function nodeLinkFn(childLinkFn, scope, linkNode, $rootElement, boundTranscludeFn) {
+        var i, ii, linkFn, isolateScope, controllerScope, elementControllers, transcludeFn, $element,
+            attrs, removeScopeBindingWatches, removeControllerBindingWatches;
 
         if (compileNode === linkNode) {
           attrs = templateAttrs;
@@ -8062,8 +8914,11 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
           attrs = new Attributes($element, templateAttrs);
         }
 
+        controllerScope = scope;
         if (newIsolateScopeDirective) {
           isolateScope = scope.$new(true);
+        } else if (newScopeDirective) {
+          controllerScope = scope.$parent;
         }
 
         if (boundTranscludeFn) {
@@ -8071,10 +8926,14 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
           // is later passed as `parentBoundTranscludeFn` to `publicLinkFn`
           transcludeFn = controllersBoundTransclude;
           transcludeFn.$$boundTransclude = boundTranscludeFn;
+          // expose the slots on the `$transclude` function
+          transcludeFn.isSlotFilled = function(slotName) {
+            return !!boundTranscludeFn.$$slots[slotName];
+          };
         }
 
         if (controllerDirectives) {
-          elementControllers = setupControllers($element, attrs, transcludeFn, controllerDirectives, isolateScope, scope);
+          elementControllers = setupControllers($element, attrs, transcludeFn, controllerDirectives, isolateScope, scope, newIsolateScopeDirective);
         }
 
         if (newIsolateScopeDirective) {
@@ -8084,45 +8943,58 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
           compile.$$addScopeClass($element, true);
           isolateScope.$$isolateBindings =
               newIsolateScopeDirective.$$isolateBindings;
-          initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, isolateScope,
-                                      isolateScope.$$isolateBindings,
-                                      newIsolateScopeDirective, isolateScope);
-        }
-        if (elementControllers) {
-          // Initialize bindToController bindings for new/isolate scopes
-          var scopeDirective = newIsolateScopeDirective || newScopeDirective;
-          var bindings;
-          var controllerForBindings;
-          if (scopeDirective && elementControllers[scopeDirective.name]) {
-            bindings = scopeDirective.$$bindings.bindToController;
-            controller = elementControllers[scopeDirective.name];
-
-            if (controller && controller.identifier && bindings) {
-              controllerForBindings = controller;
-              thisLinkFn.$$destroyBindings =
-                  initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, controller.instance,
-                                              bindings, scopeDirective);
-            }
+          removeScopeBindingWatches = initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, isolateScope,
+                                        isolateScope.$$isolateBindings,
+                                        newIsolateScopeDirective);
+          if (removeScopeBindingWatches) {
+            isolateScope.$on('$destroy', removeScopeBindingWatches);
           }
-          for (i in elementControllers) {
-            controller = elementControllers[i];
-            var controllerResult = controller();
-
-            if (controllerResult !== controller.instance) {
-              // If the controller constructor has a return value, overwrite the instance
-              // from setupControllers and update the element data
-              controller.instance = controllerResult;
-              $element.data('$' + i + 'Controller', controllerResult);
-              if (controller === controllerForBindings) {
-                // Remove and re-install bindToController bindings
-                thisLinkFn.$$destroyBindings();
-                thisLinkFn.$$destroyBindings =
-                  initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, controllerResult, bindings, scopeDirective);
-              }
-            }
+        }
+
+        // Initialize bindToController bindings
+        for (var name in elementControllers) {
+          var controllerDirective = controllerDirectives[name];
+          var controller = elementControllers[name];
+          var bindings = controllerDirective.$$bindings.bindToController;
+
+          if (controller.identifier && bindings) {
+            removeControllerBindingWatches =
+              initializeDirectiveBindings(controllerScope, attrs, controller.instance, bindings, controllerDirective);
+          }
+
+          var controllerResult = controller();
+          if (controllerResult !== controller.instance) {
+            // If the controller constructor has a return value, overwrite the instance
+            // from setupControllers
+            controller.instance = controllerResult;
+            $element.data('$' + controllerDirective.name + 'Controller', controllerResult);
+            removeControllerBindingWatches && removeControllerBindingWatches();
+            removeControllerBindingWatches =
+              initializeDirectiveBindings(controllerScope, attrs, controller.instance, bindings, controllerDirective);
           }
         }
 
+        // Bind the required controllers to the controller, if `require` is an object and `bindToController` is truthy
+        forEach(controllerDirectives, function(controllerDirective, name) {
+          var require = controllerDirective.require;
+          if (controllerDirective.bindToController && !isArray(require) && isObject(require)) {
+            extend(elementControllers[name].instance, getControllers(name, require, $element, elementControllers));
+          }
+        });
+
+        // Handle the init and destroy lifecycle hooks on all controllers that have them
+        forEach(elementControllers, function(controller) {
+          var controllerInstance = controller.instance;
+          if (isFunction(controllerInstance.$onInit)) {
+            controllerInstance.$onInit();
+          }
+          if (isFunction(controllerInstance.$onDestroy)) {
+            controllerScope.$on('$destroy', function callOnDestroyHook() {
+              controllerInstance.$onDestroy();
+            });
+          }
+        });
+
         // PRELINKING
         for (i = 0, ii = preLinkFns.length; i < ii; i++) {
           linkFn = preLinkFns[i];
@@ -8156,13 +9028,21 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
           );
         }
 
+        // Trigger $postLink lifecycle hooks
+        forEach(elementControllers, function(controller) {
+          var controllerInstance = controller.instance;
+          if (isFunction(controllerInstance.$postLink)) {
+            controllerInstance.$postLink();
+          }
+        });
+
         // This is the function that is injected as `$transclude`.
         // Note: all arguments are optional!
-        function controllersBoundTransclude(scope, cloneAttachFn, futureParentElement) {
+        function controllersBoundTransclude(scope, cloneAttachFn, futureParentElement, slotName) {
           var transcludeControllers;
-
           // No scope passed in:
           if (!isScope(scope)) {
+            slotName = futureParentElement;
             futureParentElement = cloneAttachFn;
             cloneAttachFn = scope;
             scope = undefined;
@@ -8174,15 +9054,108 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
           if (!futureParentElement) {
             futureParentElement = hasElementTranscludeDirective ? $element.parent() : $element;
           }
-          return boundTranscludeFn(scope, cloneAttachFn, transcludeControllers, futureParentElement, scopeToChild);
+          if (slotName) {
+            // slotTranscludeFn can be one of three things:
+            //  * a transclude function - a filled slot
+            //  * `null` - an optional slot that was not filled
+            //  * `undefined` - a slot that was not declared (i.e. invalid)
+            var slotTranscludeFn = boundTranscludeFn.$$slots[slotName];
+            if (slotTranscludeFn) {
+              return slotTranscludeFn(scope, cloneAttachFn, transcludeControllers, futureParentElement, scopeToChild);
+            } else if (isUndefined(slotTranscludeFn)) {
+              throw $compileMinErr('noslot',
+               'No parent directive that requires a transclusion with slot name "{0}". ' +
+               'Element: {1}',
+               slotName, startingTag($element));
+            }
+          } else {
+            return boundTranscludeFn(scope, cloneAttachFn, transcludeControllers, futureParentElement, scopeToChild);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    function getControllers(directiveName, require, $element, elementControllers) {
+      var value;
+
+      if (isString(require)) {
+        var match = require.match(REQUIRE_PREFIX_REGEXP);
+        var name = require.substring(match[0].length);
+        var inheritType = match[1] || match[3];
+        var optional = match[2] === '?';
+
+        //If only parents then start at the parent element
+        if (inheritType === '^^') {
+          $element = $element.parent();
+        //Otherwise attempt getting the controller from elementControllers in case
+        //the element is transcluded (and has no data) and to avoid .data if possible
+        } else {
+          value = elementControllers && elementControllers[name];
+          value = value && value.instance;
+        }
+
+        if (!value) {
+          var dataName = '$' + name + 'Controller';
+          value = inheritType ? $element.inheritedData(dataName) : $element.data(dataName);
+        }
+
+        if (!value && !optional) {
+          throw $compileMinErr('ctreq',
+              "Controller '{0}', required by directive '{1}', can't be found!",
+              name, directiveName);
+        }
+      } else if (isArray(require)) {
+        value = [];
+        for (var i = 0, ii = require.length; i < ii; i++) {
+          value[i] = getControllers(directiveName, require[i], $element, elementControllers);
+        }
+      } else if (isObject(require)) {
+        value = {};
+        forEach(require, function(controller, property) {
+          value[property] = getControllers(directiveName, controller, $element, elementControllers);
+        });
+      }
+
+      return value || null;
+    }
+
+    function setupControllers($element, attrs, transcludeFn, controllerDirectives, isolateScope, scope, newIsolateScopeDirective) {
+      var elementControllers = createMap();
+      for (var controllerKey in controllerDirectives) {
+        var directive = controllerDirectives[controllerKey];
+        var locals = {
+          $scope: directive === newIsolateScopeDirective || directive.$$isolateScope ? isolateScope : scope,
+          $element: $element,
+          $attrs: attrs,
+          $transclude: transcludeFn
+        };
+
+        var controller = directive.controller;
+        if (controller == '@') {
+          controller = attrs[directive.name];
         }
+
+        var controllerInstance = $controller(controller, locals, true, directive.controllerAs);
+
+        // For directives with element transclusion the element is a comment.
+        // In this case .data will not attach any data.
+        // Instead, we save the controllers for the element in a local hash and attach to .data
+        // later, once we have the actual element.
+        elementControllers[directive.name] = controllerInstance;
+        $element.data('$' + directive.name + 'Controller', controllerInstance.instance);
       }
+      return elementControllers;
     }
 
-    function markDirectivesAsIsolate(directives) {
-      // mark all directives as needing isolate scope.
+    // Depending upon the context in which a directive finds itself it might need to have a new isolated
+    // or child scope created. For instance:
+    // * if the directive has been pulled into a template because another directive with a higher priority
+    // asked for element transclusion
+    // * if the directive itself asks for transclusion but it is at the root of a template and the original
+    // element was replaced. See https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/12936
+    function markDirectiveScope(directives, isolateScope, newScope) {
       for (var j = 0, jj = directives.length; j < jj; j++) {
-        directives[j] = inherit(directives[j], {$$isolateScope: true});
+        directives[j] = inherit(directives[j], {$$isolateScope: isolateScope, $$newScope: newScope});
       }
     }
 
@@ -8209,11 +9182,18 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
             i = 0, ii = directives.length; i < ii; i++) {
           try {
             directive = directives[i];
-            if ((maxPriority === undefined || maxPriority > directive.priority) &&
+            if ((isUndefined(maxPriority) || maxPriority > directive.priority) &&
                  directive.restrict.indexOf(location) != -1) {
               if (startAttrName) {
                 directive = inherit(directive, {$$start: startAttrName, $$end: endAttrName});
               }
+              if (!directive.$$bindings) {
+                var bindings = directive.$$bindings =
+                    parseDirectiveBindings(directive, directive.name);
+                if (isObject(bindings.isolateScope)) {
+                  directive.$$isolateBindings = bindings.isolateScope;
+                }
+              }
               tDirectives.push(directive);
               match = directive;
             }
@@ -8329,7 +9309,9 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
             var templateDirectives = collectDirectives(compileNode, [], tempTemplateAttrs);
 
             if (isObject(origAsyncDirective.scope)) {
-              markDirectivesAsIsolate(templateDirectives);
+              // the original directive that caused the template to be loaded async required
+              // an isolate scope
+              markDirectiveScope(templateDirectives, true);
             }
             directives = templateDirectives.concat(directives);
             mergeTemplateAttributes(tAttrs, tempTemplateAttrs);
@@ -8378,7 +9360,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
               childBoundTranscludeFn = boundTranscludeFn;
             }
             afterTemplateNodeLinkFn(afterTemplateChildLinkFn, scope, linkNode, $rootElement,
-              childBoundTranscludeFn, afterTemplateNodeLinkFn);
+              childBoundTranscludeFn);
           }
           linkQueue = null;
         });
@@ -8395,8 +9377,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
           if (afterTemplateNodeLinkFn.transcludeOnThisElement) {
             childBoundTranscludeFn = createBoundTranscludeFn(scope, afterTemplateNodeLinkFn.transclude, boundTranscludeFn);
           }
-          afterTemplateNodeLinkFn(afterTemplateChildLinkFn, scope, node, rootElement, childBoundTranscludeFn,
-                                  afterTemplateNodeLinkFn);
+          afterTemplateNodeLinkFn(afterTemplateChildLinkFn, scope, node, rootElement, childBoundTranscludeFn);
         }
       };
     }
@@ -8505,7 +9486,7 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
         compile: function() {
             return {
               pre: function attrInterpolatePreLinkFn(scope, element, attr) {
-                var $$observers = (attr.$$observers || (attr.$$observers = {}));
+                var $$observers = (attr.$$observers || (attr.$$observers = createMap()));
 
                 if (EVENT_HANDLER_ATTR_REGEXP.test(name)) {
                   throw $compileMinErr('nodomevents',
@@ -8600,41 +9581,33 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
         parent.replaceChild(newNode, firstElementToRemove);
       }
 
-      // TODO(perf): what's this document fragment for? is it needed? can we at least reuse it?
+      // Append all the `elementsToRemove` to a fragment. This will...
+      // - remove them from the DOM
+      // - allow them to still be traversed with .nextSibling
+      // - allow a single fragment.qSA to fetch all elements being removed
       var fragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
-      fragment.appendChild(firstElementToRemove);
+      for (i = 0; i < removeCount; i++) {
+        fragment.appendChild(elementsToRemove[i]);
+      }
 
       if (jqLite.hasData(firstElementToRemove)) {
         // Copy over user data (that includes Angular's $scope etc.). Don't copy private
         // data here because there's no public interface in jQuery to do that and copying over
         // event listeners (which is the main use of private data) wouldn't work anyway.
-        jqLite(newNode).data(jqLite(firstElementToRemove).data());
+        jqLite.data(newNode, jqLite.data(firstElementToRemove));
 
-        // Remove data of the replaced element. We cannot just call .remove()
-        // on the element it since that would deallocate scope that is needed
-        // for the new node. Instead, remove the data "manually".
-        if (!jQuery) {
-          delete jqLite.cache[firstElementToRemove[jqLite.expando]];
-        } else {
-          // jQuery 2.x doesn't expose the data storage. Use jQuery.cleanData to clean up after
-          // the replaced element. The cleanData version monkey-patched by Angular would cause
-          // the scope to be trashed and we do need the very same scope to work with the new
-          // element. However, we cannot just cache the non-patched version and use it here as
-          // that would break if another library patches the method after Angular does (one
-          // example is jQuery UI). Instead, set a flag indicating scope destroying should be
-          // skipped this one time.
-          skipDestroyOnNextJQueryCleanData = true;
-          jQuery.cleanData([firstElementToRemove]);
-        }
+        // Remove $destroy event listeners from `firstElementToRemove`
+        jqLite(firstElementToRemove).off('$destroy');
       }
 
-      for (var k = 1, kk = elementsToRemove.length; k < kk; k++) {
-        var element = elementsToRemove[k];
-        jqLite(element).remove(); // must do this way to clean up expando
-        fragment.appendChild(element);
-        delete elementsToRemove[k];
-      }
+      // Cleanup any data/listeners on the elements and children.
+      // This includes invoking the $destroy event on any elements with listeners.
+      jqLite.cleanData(fragment.querySelectorAll('*'));
 
+      // Update the jqLite collection to only contain the `newNode`
+      for (i = 1; i < removeCount; i++) {
+        delete elementsToRemove[i];
+      }
       elementsToRemove[0] = newNode;
       elementsToRemove.length = 1;
     }
@@ -8656,57 +9629,61 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
 
     // Set up $watches for isolate scope and controller bindings. This process
     // only occurs for isolate scopes and new scopes with controllerAs.
-    function initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, destination, bindings,
-                                         directive, newScope) {
-      var onNewScopeDestroyed;
-      forEach(bindings, function(definition, scopeName) {
+    function initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, destination, bindings, directive) {
+      var removeWatchCollection = [];
+      var changes;
+      forEach(bindings, function initializeBinding(definition, scopeName) {
         var attrName = definition.attrName,
         optional = definition.optional,
         mode = definition.mode, // @, =, or &
         lastValue,
-        parentGet, parentSet, compare;
-
-        if (!hasOwnProperty.call(attrs, attrName)) {
-          // In the case of user defined a binding with the same name as a method in Object.prototype but didn't set
-          // the corresponding attribute. We need to make sure subsequent code won't access to the prototype function
-          attrs[attrName] = undefined;
-        }
+        parentGet, parentSet, compare, removeWatch;
 
         switch (mode) {
 
           case '@':
-            if (!attrs[attrName] && !optional) {
-              destination[scopeName] = undefined;
+            if (!optional && !hasOwnProperty.call(attrs, attrName)) {
+              destination[scopeName] = attrs[attrName] = void 0;
             }
-
             attrs.$observe(attrName, function(value) {
-              destination[scopeName] = value;
+              if (isString(value)) {
+                var oldValue = destination[scopeName];
+                recordChanges(scopeName, value, oldValue);
+                destination[scopeName] = value;
+              }
             });
             attrs.$$observers[attrName].$$scope = scope;
-            if (attrs[attrName]) {
+            lastValue = attrs[attrName];
+            if (isString(lastValue)) {
               // If the attribute has been provided then we trigger an interpolation to ensure
               // the value is there for use in the link fn
-              destination[scopeName] = $interpolate(attrs[attrName])(scope);
+              destination[scopeName] = $interpolate(lastValue)(scope);
+            } else if (isBoolean(lastValue)) {
+              // If the attributes is one of the BOOLEAN_ATTR then Angular will have converted
+              // the value to boolean rather than a string, so we special case this situation
+              destination[scopeName] = lastValue;
             }
             break;
 
           case '=':
-            if (optional && !attrs[attrName]) {
-              return;
+            if (!hasOwnProperty.call(attrs, attrName)) {
+              if (optional) break;
+              attrs[attrName] = void 0;
             }
-            parentGet = $parse(attrs[attrName]);
+            if (optional && !attrs[attrName]) break;
 
+            parentGet = $parse(attrs[attrName]);
             if (parentGet.literal) {
               compare = equals;
             } else {
-              compare = function(a, b) { return a === b || (a !== a && b !== b); };
+              compare = function simpleCompare(a, b) { return a === b || (a !== a && b !== b); };
             }
             parentSet = parentGet.assign || function() {
               // reset the change, or we will throw this exception on every $digest
               lastValue = destination[scopeName] = parentGet(scope);
               throw $compileMinErr('nonassign',
-                  "Expression '{0}' used with directive '{1}' is non-assignable!",
-                  attrs[attrName], directive.name);
+                  "Expression '{0}' in attribute '{1}' used with directive '{2}' is non-assignable!",
+                  attrs[attrName], attrName, directive.name);
             };
             lastValue = destination[scopeName] = parentGet(scope);
             var parentValueWatch = function parentValueWatch(parentValue) {
@@ -8723,19 +9700,38 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
               return lastValue = parentValue;
             };
             parentValueWatch.$stateful = true;
-            var unwatch;
             if (definition.collection) {
-              unwatch = scope.$watchCollection(attrs[attrName], parentValueWatch);
+              removeWatch = scope.$watchCollection(attrs[attrName], parentValueWatch);
             } else {
-              unwatch = scope.$watch($parse(attrs[attrName], parentValueWatch), null, parentGet.literal);
+              removeWatch = scope.$watch($parse(attrs[attrName], parentValueWatch), null, parentGet.literal);
             }
-            onNewScopeDestroyed = (onNewScopeDestroyed || []);
-            onNewScopeDestroyed.push(unwatch);
+            removeWatchCollection.push(removeWatch);
             break;
 
-          case '&':
+          case '<':
+            if (!hasOwnProperty.call(attrs, attrName)) {
+              if (optional) break;
+              attrs[attrName] = void 0;
+            }
+            if (optional && !attrs[attrName]) break;
+
             parentGet = $parse(attrs[attrName]);
 
+            destination[scopeName] = parentGet(scope);
+
+            removeWatch = scope.$watch(parentGet, function parentValueWatchAction(newParentValue) {
+              var oldValue = destination[scopeName];
+              recordChanges(scopeName, newParentValue, oldValue);
+              destination[scopeName] = newParentValue;
+            }, parentGet.literal);
+
+            removeWatchCollection.push(removeWatch);
+            break;
+
+          case '&':
+            // Don't assign Object.prototype method to scope
+            parentGet = attrs.hasOwnProperty(attrName) ? $parse(attrs[attrName]) : noop;
+
             // Don't assign noop to destination if expression is not valid
             if (parentGet === noop && optional) break;
 
@@ -8745,16 +9741,39 @@ function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
             break;
         }
       });
-      var destroyBindings = onNewScopeDestroyed ? function destroyBindings() {
-        for (var i = 0, ii = onNewScopeDestroyed.length; i < ii; ++i) {
-          onNewScopeDestroyed[i]();
+
+      function recordChanges(key, currentValue, previousValue) {
+        if (isFunction(destination.$onChanges) && currentValue !== previousValue) {
+          // If we have not already scheduled the top level onChangesQueue handler then do so now
+          if (!onChangesQueue) {
+            scope.$$postDigest(flushOnChangesQueue);
+            onChangesQueue = [];
+          }
+          // If we have not already queued a trigger of onChanges for this controller then do so now
+          if (!changes) {
+            changes = {};
+            onChangesQueue.push(triggerOnChangesHook);
+          }
+          // If the has been a change on this property already then we need to reuse the previous value
+          if (changes[key]) {
+            previousValue = changes[key].previousValue;
+          }
+          // Store this change
+          changes[key] = {previousValue: previousValue, currentValue: currentValue};
         }
-      } : noop;
-      if (newScope && destroyBindings !== noop) {
-        newScope.$on('$destroy', destroyBindings);
-        return noop;
       }
-      return destroyBindings;
+
+      function triggerOnChangesHook() {
+        destination.$onChanges(changes);
+        // Now clear the changes so that we schedule onChanges when more changes arrive
+        changes = undefined;
+      }
+
+      return removeWatchCollection.length && function removeWatches() {
+        for (var i = 0, ii = removeWatchCollection.length; i < ii; ++i) {
+          removeWatchCollection[i]();
+        }
+      };
     }
   }];
 }
@@ -8864,7 +9883,7 @@ function removeComments(jqNodes) {
 var $controllerMinErr = minErr('$controller');
 
 
-var CNTRL_REG = /^(\S+)(\s+as\s+(\w+))?$/;
+var CNTRL_REG = /^(\S+)(\s+as\s+([\w$]+))?$/;
 function identifierForController(controller, ident) {
   if (ident && isString(ident)) return ident;
   if (isString(controller)) {
@@ -8888,6 +9907,15 @@ function $ControllerProvider() {
   var controllers = {},
       globals = false;
 
+  /**
+   * @ngdoc method
+   * @name $controllerProvider#has
+   * @param {string} name Controller name to check.
+   */
+  this.has = function(name) {
+    return controllers.hasOwnProperty(name);
+  };
+
   /**
    * @ngdoc method
    * @name $controllerProvider#register
@@ -8944,7 +9972,7 @@ function $ControllerProvider() {
      * It's just a simple call to {@link auto.$injector $injector}, but extracted into
      * a service, so that one can override this service with [BC version](https://gist.github.com/1649788).
      */
-    return function(expression, locals, later, ident) {
+    return function $controller(expression, locals, later, ident) {
       // PRIVATE API:
       //   param `later` --- indicates that the controller's constructor is invoked at a later time.
       //                     If true, $controller will allocate the object with the correct
@@ -8995,7 +10023,7 @@ function $ControllerProvider() {
         }
 
         var instantiate;
-        return instantiate = extend(function() {
+        return instantiate = extend(function $controllerInit() {
           var result = $injector.invoke(expression, instance, locals, constructor);
           if (result !== instance && (isObject(result) || isFunction(result))) {
             instance = result;
@@ -9111,6 +10139,29 @@ function $ExceptionHandlerProvider() {
   }];
 }
 
+var $$ForceReflowProvider = function() {
+  this.$get = ['$document', function($document) {
+    return function(domNode) {
+      //the line below will force the browser to perform a repaint so
+      //that all the animated elements within the animation frame will
+      //be properly updated and drawn on screen. This is required to
+      //ensure that the preparation animation is properly flushed so that
+      //the active state picks up from there. DO NOT REMOVE THIS LINE.
+      //DO NOT OPTIMIZE THIS LINE. THE MINIFIER WILL REMOVE IT OTHERWISE WHICH
+      //WILL RESULT IN AN UNPREDICTABLE BUG THAT IS VERY HARD TO TRACK DOWN AND
+      //WILL TAKE YEARS AWAY FROM YOUR LIFE.
+      if (domNode) {
+        if (!domNode.nodeType && domNode instanceof jqLite) {
+          domNode = domNode[0];
+        }
+      } else {
+        domNode = $document[0].body;
+      }
+      return domNode.offsetWidth + 1;
+    };
+  }];
+};
+
 var APPLICATION_JSON = 'application/json';
 var CONTENT_TYPE_APPLICATION_JSON = {'Content-Type': APPLICATION_JSON + ';charset=utf-8'};
 var JSON_START = /^\[|^\{(?!\{)/;
@@ -9119,6 +10170,12 @@ var JSON_ENDS = {
   '{': /}$/
 };
 var JSON_PROTECTION_PREFIX = /^\)\]\}',?\n/;
+var $httpMinErr = minErr('$http');
+var $httpMinErrLegacyFn = function(method) {
+  return function() {
+    throw $httpMinErr('legacy', 'The method `{0}` on the promise returned from `$http` has been disabled.', method);
+  };
+};
 
 function serializeValue(v) {
   if (isObject(v)) {
@@ -9152,7 +10209,7 @@ function $HttpParamSerializerProvider() {
       forEachSorted(params, function(value, key) {
         if (value === null || isUndefined(value)) return;
         if (isArray(value)) {
-          forEach(value, function(v, k) {
+          forEach(value, function(v) {
             parts.push(encodeUriQuery(key)  + '=' + encodeUriQuery(serializeValue(v)));
           });
         } else {
@@ -9219,8 +10276,8 @@ function $HttpParamSerializerJQLikeProvider() {
       function serialize(toSerialize, prefix, topLevel) {
         if (toSerialize === null || isUndefined(toSerialize)) return;
         if (isArray(toSerialize)) {
-          forEach(toSerialize, function(value) {
-            serialize(value, prefix + '[]');
+          forEach(toSerialize, function(value, index) {
+            serialize(value, prefix + '[' + (isObject(value) ? index : '') + ']');
           });
         } else if (isObject(toSerialize) && !isDate(toSerialize)) {
           forEachSorted(toSerialize, function(value, key) {
@@ -9362,10 +10419,9 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
    *
    * Object containing default values for all {@link ng.$http $http} requests.
    *
-   * - **`defaults.cache`** - {Object} - an object built with {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`}
-   * that will provide the cache for all requests who set their `cache` property to `true`.
-   * If you set the `defaults.cache = false` then only requests that specify their own custom
-   * cache object will be cached. See {@link $http#caching $http Caching} for more information.
+   * - **`defaults.cache`** - {boolean|Object} - A boolean value or object created with
+   * {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`} to enable or disable caching of HTTP responses
+   * by default. See {@link $http#caching $http Caching} for more information.
    *
    * - **`defaults.xsrfCookieName`** - {string} - Name of cookie containing the XSRF token.
    * Defaults value is `'XSRF-TOKEN'`.
@@ -9441,6 +10497,30 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
     return useApplyAsync;
   };
 
+  var useLegacyPromise = true;
+  /**
+   * @ngdoc method
+   * @name $httpProvider#useLegacyPromiseExtensions
+   * @description
+   *
+   * Configure `$http` service to return promises without the shorthand methods `success` and `error`.
+   * This should be used to make sure that applications work without these methods.
+   *
+   * Defaults to true. If no value is specified, returns the current configured value.
+   *
+   * @param {boolean=} value If true, `$http` will return a promise with the deprecated legacy `success` and `error` methods.
+   *
+   * @returns {boolean|Object} If a value is specified, returns the $httpProvider for chaining.
+   *    otherwise, returns the current configured value.
+   **/
+  this.useLegacyPromiseExtensions = function(value) {
+    if (isDefined(value)) {
+      useLegacyPromise = !!value;
+      return this;
+    }
+    return useLegacyPromise;
+  };
+
   /**
    * @ngdoc property
    * @name $httpProvider#interceptors
@@ -9506,66 +10586,47 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *
      *
      * ## General usage
-     * The `$http` service is a function which takes a single argument — a configuration object —
-     * that is used to generate an HTTP request and returns  a {@link ng.$q promise}
-     * with two $http specific methods: `success` and `error`.
-     *
-     * ```js
-     *   // Simple GET request example :
-     *   $http.get('/someUrl').
-     *     success(function(data, status, headers, config) {
-     *       // this callback will be called asynchronously
-     *       // when the response is available
-     *     }).
-     *     error(function(data, status, headers, config) {
-     *       // called asynchronously if an error occurs
-     *       // or server returns response with an error status.
-     *     });
-     * ```
+     * The `$http` service is a function which takes a single argument — a {@link $http#usage configuration object} —
+     * that is used to generate an HTTP request and returns  a {@link ng.$q promise}.
      *
      * ```js
-     *   // Simple POST request example (passing data) :
-     *   $http.post('/someUrl', {msg:'hello word!'}).
-     *     success(function(data, status, headers, config) {
+     *   // Simple GET request example:
+     *   $http({
+     *     method: 'GET',
+     *     url: '/someUrl'
+     *   }).then(function successCallback(response) {
      *       // this callback will be called asynchronously
      *       // when the response is available
-     *     }).
-     *     error(function(data, status, headers, config) {
+     *     }, function errorCallback(response) {
      *       // called asynchronously if an error occurs
      *       // or server returns response with an error status.
      *     });
      * ```
      *
+     * The response object has these properties:
      *
-     * Since the returned value of calling the $http function is a `promise`, you can also use
-     * the `then` method to register callbacks, and these callbacks will receive a single argument –
-     * an object representing the response. See the API signature and type info below for more
-     * details.
+     *   - **data** – `{string|Object}` – The response body transformed with the transform
+     *     functions.
+     *   - **status** – `{number}` – HTTP status code of the response.
+     *   - **headers** – `{function([headerName])}` – Header getter function.
+     *   - **config** – `{Object}` – The configuration object that was used to generate the request.
+     *   - **statusText** – `{string}` – HTTP status text of the response.
      *
      * A response status code between 200 and 299 is considered a success status and
      * will result in the success callback being called. Note that if the response is a redirect,
      * XMLHttpRequest will transparently follow it, meaning that the error callback will not be
      * called for such responses.
      *
-     * ## Writing Unit Tests that use $http
-     * When unit testing (using {@link ngMock ngMock}), it is necessary to call
-     * {@link ngMock.$httpBackend#flush $httpBackend.flush()} to flush each pending
-     * request using trained responses.
-     *
-     * ```
-     * $httpBackend.expectGET(...);
-     * $http.get(...);
-     * $httpBackend.flush();
-     * ```
      *
      * ## Shortcut methods
      *
      * Shortcut methods are also available. All shortcut methods require passing in the URL, and
-     * request data must be passed in for POST/PUT requests.
+     * request data must be passed in for POST/PUT requests. An optional config can be passed as the
+     * last argument.
      *
      * ```js
-     *   $http.get('/someUrl').success(successCallback);
-     *   $http.post('/someUrl', data).success(successCallback);
+     *   $http.get('/someUrl', config).then(successCallback, errorCallback);
+     *   $http.post('/someUrl', data, config).then(successCallback, errorCallback);
      * ```
      *
      * Complete list of shortcut methods:
@@ -9579,6 +10640,25 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      * - {@link ng.$http#patch $http.patch}
      *
      *
+     * ## Writing Unit Tests that use $http
+     * When unit testing (using {@link ngMock ngMock}), it is necessary to call
+     * {@link ngMock.$httpBackend#flush $httpBackend.flush()} to flush each pending
+     * request using trained responses.
+     *
+     * ```
+     * $httpBackend.expectGET(...);
+     * $http.get(...);
+     * $httpBackend.flush();
+     * ```
+     *
+     * ## Deprecation Notice
+     * <div class="alert alert-danger">
+     *   The `$http` legacy promise methods `success` and `error` have been deprecated.
+     *   Use the standard `then` method instead.
+     *   If {@link $httpProvider#useLegacyPromiseExtensions `$httpProvider.useLegacyPromiseExtensions`} is set to
+     *   `false` then these methods will throw {@link $http:legacy `$http/legacy`} error.
+     * </div>
+     *
      * ## Setting HTTP Headers
      *
      * The $http service will automatically add certain HTTP headers to all requests. These defaults
@@ -9602,7 +10682,7 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *
      * ```
      * module.run(function($http) {
-     *   $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic YmVlcDpib29w'
+     *   $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic YmVlcDpib29w';
      * });
      * ```
      *
@@ -9622,7 +10702,7 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *  data: { test: 'test' }
      * }
      *
-     * $http(req).success(function(){...}).error(function(){...});
+     * $http(req).then(function(){...}, function(){...});
      * ```
      *
      * ## Transforming Requests and Responses
@@ -9632,6 +10712,15 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      * the transformed value (`function(data, headersGetter, status)`) or an array of such transformation functions,
      * which allows you to `push` or `unshift` a new transformation function into the transformation chain.
      *
+     * <div class="alert alert-warning">
+     * **Note:** Angular does not make a copy of the `data` parameter before it is passed into the `transformRequest` pipeline.
+     * That means changes to the properties of `data` are not local to the transform function (since Javascript passes objects by reference).
+     * For example, when calling `$http.get(url, $scope.myObject)`, modifications to the object's properties in a transformRequest
+     * function will be reflected on the scope and in any templates where the object is data-bound.
+     * To prevent his, transform functions should have no side-effects.
+     * If you need to modify properties, it is recommended to make a copy of the data, or create new object to return.
+     * </div>
+     *
      * ### Default Transformations
      *
      * The `$httpProvider` provider and `$http` service expose `defaults.transformRequest` and
@@ -9689,26 +10778,35 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *
      * ## Caching
      *
-     * To enable caching, set the request configuration `cache` property to `true` (to use default
-     * cache) or to a custom cache object (built with {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`}).
-     * When the cache is enabled, `$http` stores the response from the server in the specified
-     * cache. The next time the same request is made, the response is served from the cache without
-     * sending a request to the server.
+     * {@link ng.$http `$http`} responses are not cached by default. To enable caching, you must
+     * set the config.cache value or the default cache value to TRUE or to a cache object (created
+     * with {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`}). If defined, the value of config.cache takes
+     * precedence over the default cache value.
+     *
+     * In order to:
+     *   * cache all responses - set the default cache value to TRUE or to a cache object
+     *   * cache a specific response - set config.cache value to TRUE or to a cache object
+     *
+     * If caching is enabled, but neither the default cache nor config.cache are set to a cache object,
+     * then the default `$cacheFactory($http)` object is used.
+     *
+     * The default cache value can be set by updating the
+     * {@link ng.$http#defaults `$http.defaults.cache`} property or the
+     * {@link $httpProvider#defaults `$httpProvider.defaults.cache`} property.
      *
-     * Note that even if the response is served from cache, delivery of the data is asynchronous in
-     * the same way that real requests are.
+     * When caching is enabled, {@link ng.$http `$http`} stores the response from the server using
+     * the relevant cache object. The next time the same request is made, the response is returned
+     * from the cache without sending a request to the server.
      *
-     * If there are multiple GET requests for the same URL that should be cached using the same
-     * cache, but the cache is not populated yet, only one request to the server will be made and
-     * the remaining requests will be fulfilled using the response from the first request.
+     * Take note that:
      *
-     * You can change the default cache to a new object (built with
-     * {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`}) by updating the
-     * {@link ng.$http#defaults `$http.defaults.cache`} property. All requests who set
-     * their `cache` property to `true` will now use this cache object.
+     *   * Only GET and JSONP requests are cached.
+     *   * The cache key is the request URL including search parameters; headers are not considered.
+     *   * Cached responses are returned asynchronously, in the same way as responses from the server.
+     *   * If multiple identical requests are made using the same cache, which is not yet populated,
+     *     one request will be made to the server and remaining requests will return the same response.
+     *   * A cache-control header on the response does not affect if or how responses are cached.
      *
-     * If you set the default cache to `false` then only requests that specify their own custom
-     * cache object will be cached.
      *
      * ## Interceptors
      *
@@ -9728,7 +10826,7 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *
      * There are two kinds of interceptors (and two kinds of rejection interceptors):
      *
-     *   * `request`: interceptors get called with a http `config` object. The function is free to
+     *   * `request`: interceptors get called with a http {@link $http#usage config} object. The function is free to
      *     modify the `config` object or create a new one. The function needs to return the `config`
      *     object directly, or a promise containing the `config` or a new `config` object.
      *   * `requestError`: interceptor gets called when a previous interceptor threw an error or
@@ -9830,13 +10928,13 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *
      * ### Cross Site Request Forgery (XSRF) Protection
      *
-     * [XSRF](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery) is a technique by which
-     * an unauthorized site can gain your user's private data. Angular provides a mechanism
-     * to counter XSRF. When performing XHR requests, the $http service reads a token from a cookie
-     * (by default, `XSRF-TOKEN`) and sets it as an HTTP header (`X-XSRF-TOKEN`). Since only
-     * JavaScript that runs on your domain could read the cookie, your server can be assured that
-     * the XHR came from JavaScript running on your domain. The header will not be set for
-     * cross-domain requests.
+     * [XSRF](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery) is an attack technique by
+     * which the attacker can trick an authenticated user into unknowingly executing actions on your
+     * website. Angular provides a mechanism to counter XSRF. When performing XHR requests, the
+     * $http service reads a token from a cookie (by default, `XSRF-TOKEN`) and sets it as an HTTP
+     * header (`X-XSRF-TOKEN`). Since only JavaScript that runs on your domain could read the
+     * cookie, your server can be assured that the XHR came from JavaScript running on your domain.
+     * The header will not be set for cross-domain requests.
      *
      * To take advantage of this, your server needs to set a token in a JavaScript readable session
      * cookie called `XSRF-TOKEN` on the first HTTP GET request. On subsequent XHR requests the
@@ -9854,7 +10952,6 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      * In order to prevent collisions in environments where multiple Angular apps share the
      * same domain or subdomain, we recommend that each application uses unique cookie name.
      *
-     *
      * @param {object} config Object describing the request to be made and how it should be
      *    processed. The object has following properties:
      *
@@ -9879,7 +10976,7 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *      transform function or an array of such functions. The transform function takes the http
      *      response body, headers and status and returns its transformed (typically deserialized) version.
      *      See {@link ng.$http#overriding-the-default-transformations-per-request
-     *      Overriding the Default TransformationjqLiks}
+     *      Overriding the Default Transformations}
      *    - **paramSerializer** - `{string|function(Object<string,string>):string}` - A function used to
      *      prepare the string representation of request parameters (specified as an object).
      *      If specified as string, it is interpreted as function registered with the
@@ -9887,10 +10984,9 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *      by registering it as a {@link auto.$provide#service service}.
      *      The default serializer is the {@link $httpParamSerializer $httpParamSerializer};
      *      alternatively, you can use the {@link $httpParamSerializerJQLike $httpParamSerializerJQLike}
-     *    - **cache** – `{boolean|Cache}` – If true, a default $http cache will be used to cache the
-     *      GET request, otherwise if a cache instance built with
-     *      {@link ng.$cacheFactory $cacheFactory}, this cache will be used for
-     *      caching.
+     *    - **cache** – `{boolean|Object}` – A boolean value or object created with
+     *      {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`} to enable or disable caching of the HTTP response.
+     *      See {@link $http#caching $http Caching} for more information.
      *    - **timeout** – `{number|Promise}` – timeout in milliseconds, or {@link ng.$q promise}
      *      that should abort the request when resolved.
      *    - **withCredentials** - `{boolean}` - whether to set the `withCredentials` flag on the
@@ -9899,20 +10995,9 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      *    - **responseType** - `{string}` - see
      *      [XMLHttpRequest.responseType](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/XMLHttpRequest#xmlhttprequest-responsetype).
      *
-     * @returns {HttpPromise} Returns a {@link ng.$q promise} object with the
-     *   standard `then` method and two http specific methods: `success` and `error`. The `then`
-     *   method takes two arguments a success and an error callback which will be called with a
-     *   response object. The `success` and `error` methods take a single argument - a function that
-     *   will be called when the request succeeds or fails respectively. The arguments passed into
-     *   these functions are destructured representation of the response object passed into the
-     *   `then` method. The response object has these properties:
+     * @returns {HttpPromise} Returns a {@link ng.$q `Promise}` that will be resolved to a response object
+     *                        when the request succeeds or fails.
      *
-     *   - **data** – `{string|Object}` – The response body transformed with the transform
-     *     functions.
-     *   - **status** – `{number}` – HTTP status code of the response.
-     *   - **headers** – `{function([headerName])}` – Header getter function.
-     *   - **config** – `{Object}` – The configuration object that was used to generate the request.
-     *   - **statusText** – `{string}` – HTTP status text of the response.
      *
      * @property {Array.<Object>} pendingRequests Array of config objects for currently pending
      *   requests. This is primarily meant to be used for debugging purposes.
@@ -9954,13 +11039,12 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
           $scope.response = null;
 
           $http({method: $scope.method, url: $scope.url, cache: $templateCache}).
-            success(function(data, status) {
-              $scope.status = status;
-              $scope.data = data;
-            }).
-            error(function(data, status) {
-              $scope.data = data || "Request failed";
-              $scope.status = status;
+            then(function(response) {
+              $scope.status = response.status;
+              $scope.data = response.data;
+            }, function(response) {
+              $scope.data = response.data || "Request failed";
+              $scope.status = response.status;
           });
         };
 
@@ -10008,10 +11092,14 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
      */
     function $http(requestConfig) {
 
-      if (!angular.isObject(requestConfig)) {
+      if (!isObject(requestConfig)) {
         throw minErr('$http')('badreq', 'Http request configuration must be an object.  Received: {0}', requestConfig);
       }
 
+      if (!isString(requestConfig.url)) {
+        throw minErr('$http')('badreq', 'Http request configuration url must be a string.  Received: {0}', requestConfig.url);
+      }
+
       var config = extend({
         method: 'get',
         transformRequest: defaults.transformRequest,
@@ -10065,34 +11153,36 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
         promise = promise.then(thenFn, rejectFn);
       }
 
-      promise.success = function(fn) {
-        assertArgFn(fn, 'fn');
+      if (useLegacyPromise) {
+        promise.success = function(fn) {
+          assertArgFn(fn, 'fn');
 
-        promise.then(function(response) {
-          fn(response.data, response.status, response.headers, config);
-        });
-        return promise;
-      };
+          promise.then(function(response) {
+            fn(response.data, response.status, response.headers, config);
+          });
+          return promise;
+        };
 
-      promise.error = function(fn) {
-        assertArgFn(fn, 'fn');
+        promise.error = function(fn) {
+          assertArgFn(fn, 'fn');
 
-        promise.then(null, function(response) {
-          fn(response.data, response.status, response.headers, config);
-        });
-        return promise;
-      };
+          promise.then(null, function(response) {
+            fn(response.data, response.status, response.headers, config);
+          });
+          return promise;
+        };
+      } else {
+        promise.success = $httpMinErrLegacyFn('success');
+        promise.error = $httpMinErrLegacyFn('error');
+      }
 
       return promise;
 
       function transformResponse(response) {
         // make a copy since the response must be cacheable
         var resp = extend({}, response);
-        if (!response.data) {
-          resp.data = response.data;
-        } else {
-          resp.data = transformData(response.data, response.headers, response.status, config.transformResponse);
-        }
+        resp.data = transformData(response.data, response.headers, response.status,
+                                  config.transformResponse);
         return (isSuccess(response.status))
           ? resp
           : $q.reject(resp);
@@ -10122,7 +11212,7 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
 
         defHeaders = extend({}, defHeaders.common, defHeaders[lowercase(config.method)]);
 
-        // using for-in instead of forEach to avoid unecessary iteration after header has been found
+        // using for-in instead of forEach to avoid unnecessary iteration after header has been found
         defaultHeadersIteration:
         for (defHeaderName in defHeaders) {
           lowercaseDefHeaderName = lowercase(defHeaderName);
@@ -10370,8 +11460,8 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
        * Resolves the raw $http promise.
        */
       function resolvePromise(response, status, headers, statusText) {
-        // normalize internal statuses to 0
-        status = Math.max(status, 0);
+        //status: HTTP response status code, 0, -1 (aborted by timeout / promise)
+        status = status >= -1 ? status : 0;
 
         (isSuccess(status) ? deferred.resolve : deferred.reject)({
           data: response,
@@ -10402,30 +11492,56 @@ function $HttpProvider() {
   }];
 }
 
-function createXhr() {
-    return new window.XMLHttpRequest();
-}
-
 /**
  * @ngdoc service
- * @name $httpBackend
- * @requires $window
- * @requires $document
+ * @name $xhrFactory
  *
  * @description
- * HTTP backend used by the {@link ng.$http service} that delegates to
- * XMLHttpRequest object or JSONP and deals with browser incompatibilities.
+ * Factory function used to create XMLHttpRequest objects.
  *
- * You should never need to use this service directly, instead use the higher-level abstractions:
- * {@link ng.$http $http} or {@link ngResource.$resource $resource}.
+ * Replace or decorate this service to create your own custom XMLHttpRequest objects.
  *
- * During testing this implementation is swapped with {@link ngMock.$httpBackend mock
- * $httpBackend} which can be trained with responses.
- */
-function $HttpBackendProvider() {
-  this.$get = ['$browser', '$window', '$document', function($browser, $window, $document) {
-    return createHttpBackend($browser, createXhr, $browser.defer, $window.angular.callbacks, $document[0]);
-  }];
+ * ```
+ * angular.module('myApp', [])
+ * .factory('$xhrFactory', function() {
+ *   return function createXhr(method, url) {
+ *     return new window.XMLHttpRequest({mozSystem: true});
+ *   };
+ * });
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param {string} method HTTP method of the request (GET, POST, PUT, ..)
+ * @param {string} url URL of the request.
+ */
+function $xhrFactoryProvider() {
+  this.$get = function() {
+    return function createXhr() {
+      return new window.XMLHttpRequest();
+    };
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @ngdoc service
+ * @name $httpBackend
+ * @requires $window
+ * @requires $document
+ * @requires $xhrFactory
+ *
+ * @description
+ * HTTP backend used by the {@link ng.$http service} that delegates to
+ * XMLHttpRequest object or JSONP and deals with browser incompatibilities.
+ *
+ * You should never need to use this service directly, instead use the higher-level abstractions:
+ * {@link ng.$http $http} or {@link ngResource.$resource $resource}.
+ *
+ * During testing this implementation is swapped with {@link ngMock.$httpBackend mock
+ * $httpBackend} which can be trained with responses.
+ */
+function $HttpBackendProvider() {
+  this.$get = ['$browser', '$window', '$document', '$xhrFactory', function($browser, $window, $document, $xhrFactory) {
+    return createHttpBackend($browser, $xhrFactory, $browser.defer, $window.angular.callbacks, $document[0]);
+  }];
 }
 
 function createHttpBackend($browser, createXhr, $browserDefer, callbacks, rawDocument) {
@@ -10448,7 +11564,7 @@ function createHttpBackend($browser, createXhr, $browserDefer, callbacks, rawDoc
       });
     } else {
 
-      var xhr = createXhr();
+      var xhr = createXhr(method, url);
 
       xhr.open(method, url, true);
       forEach(headers, function(value, key) {
@@ -10460,7 +11576,7 @@ function createHttpBackend($browser, createXhr, $browserDefer, callbacks, rawDoc
       xhr.onload = function requestLoaded() {
         var statusText = xhr.statusText || '';
 
-        // responseText is the old-school way of retrieving response (supported by IE8 & 9)
+        // responseText is the old-school way of retrieving response (supported by IE9)
         // response/responseType properties were introduced in XHR Level2 spec (supported by IE10)
         var response = ('response' in xhr) ? xhr.response : xhr.responseText;
 
@@ -10511,7 +11627,7 @@ function createHttpBackend($browser, createXhr, $browserDefer, callbacks, rawDoc
         }
       }
 
-      xhr.send(post);
+      xhr.send(isUndefined(post) ? null : post);
     }
 
     if (timeout > 0) {
@@ -10528,7 +11644,7 @@ function createHttpBackend($browser, createXhr, $browserDefer, callbacks, rawDoc
 
     function completeRequest(callback, status, response, headersString, statusText) {
       // cancel timeout and subsequent timeout promise resolution
-      if (timeoutId !== undefined) {
+      if (isDefined(timeoutId)) {
         $browserDefer.cancel(timeoutId);
       }
       jsonpDone = xhr = null;
@@ -10595,8 +11711,16 @@ $interpolateMinErr.interr = function(text, err) {
  *
  * Used for configuring the interpolation markup. Defaults to `{{` and `}}`.
  *
+ * <div class="alert alert-danger">
+ * This feature is sometimes used to mix different markup languages, e.g. to wrap an Angular
+ * template within a Python Jinja template (or any other template language). Mixing templating
+ * languages is **very dangerous**. The embedding template language will not safely escape Angular
+ * expressions, so any user-controlled values in the template will cause Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
+ * security bugs!
+ * </div>
+ *
  * @example
-<example module="customInterpolationApp">
+<example name="custom-interpolation-markup" module="customInterpolationApp">
 <file name="index.html">
 <script>
   var customInterpolationApp = angular.module('customInterpolationApp', []);
@@ -10611,7 +11735,7 @@ $interpolateMinErr.interr = function(text, err) {
       this.label = "This binding is brought you by // interpolation symbols.";
   });
 </script>
-<div ng-app="App" ng-controller="DemoController as demo">
+<div ng-controller="DemoController as demo">
     //demo.label//
 </div>
 </file>
@@ -10695,6 +11819,15 @@ function $InterpolateProvider() {
       return value;
     }
 
+    //TODO: this is the same as the constantWatchDelegate in parse.js
+    function constantWatchDelegate(scope, listener, objectEquality, constantInterp) {
+      var unwatch;
+      return unwatch = scope.$watch(function constantInterpolateWatch(scope) {
+        unwatch();
+        return constantInterp(scope);
+      }, listener, objectEquality);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @ngdoc service
      * @name $interpolate
@@ -10714,7 +11847,7 @@ function $InterpolateProvider() {
      * ```js
      *   var $interpolate = ...; // injected
      *   var exp = $interpolate('Hello {{name | uppercase}}!');
-     *   expect(exp({name:'Angular'}).toEqual('Hello ANGULAR!');
+     *   expect(exp({name:'Angular'})).toEqual('Hello ANGULAR!');
      * ```
      *
      * `$interpolate` takes an optional fourth argument, `allOrNothing`. If `allOrNothing` is
@@ -10790,6 +11923,19 @@ function $InterpolateProvider() {
      * - `context`: evaluation context for all expressions embedded in the interpolated text
      */
     function $interpolate(text, mustHaveExpression, trustedContext, allOrNothing) {
+      // Provide a quick exit and simplified result function for text with no interpolation
+      if (!text.length || text.indexOf(startSymbol) === -1) {
+        var constantInterp;
+        if (!mustHaveExpression) {
+          var unescapedText = unescapeText(text);
+          constantInterp = valueFn(unescapedText);
+          constantInterp.exp = text;
+          constantInterp.expressions = [];
+          constantInterp.$$watchDelegate = constantWatchDelegate;
+        }
+        return constantInterp;
+      }
+
       allOrNothing = !!allOrNothing;
       var startIndex,
           endIndex,
@@ -10926,8 +12072,8 @@ function $InterpolateProvider() {
 }
 
 function $IntervalProvider() {
-  this.$get = ['$rootScope', '$window', '$q', '$$q',
-       function($rootScope,   $window,   $q,   $$q) {
+  this.$get = ['$rootScope', '$window', '$q', '$$q', '$browser',
+       function($rootScope,   $window,   $q,   $$q,   $browser) {
     var intervals = {};
 
 
@@ -11068,11 +12214,12 @@ function $IntervalProvider() {
 
       count = isDefined(count) ? count : 0;
 
-      promise.then(null, null, (!hasParams) ? fn : function() {
-        fn.apply(null, args);
-      });
-
       promise.$$intervalId = setInterval(function tick() {
+        if (skipApply) {
+          $browser.defer(callback);
+        } else {
+          $rootScope.$evalAsync(callback);
+        }
         deferred.notify(iteration++);
 
         if (count > 0 && iteration >= count) {
@@ -11088,6 +12235,14 @@ function $IntervalProvider() {
       intervals[promise.$$intervalId] = deferred;
 
       return promise;
+
+      function callback() {
+        if (!hasParams) {
+          fn(iteration);
+        } else {
+          fn.apply(null, args);
+        }
+      }
     }
 
 
@@ -11098,7 +12253,7 @@ function $IntervalProvider() {
       * @description
       * Cancels a task associated with the `promise`.
       *
-      * @param {promise} promise returned by the `$interval` function.
+      * @param {Promise=} promise returned by the `$interval` function.
       * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the task was successfully canceled.
       */
     interval.cancel = function(promise) {
@@ -11125,75 +12280,6 @@ function $IntervalProvider() {
  *
  * * `id` – `{string}` – locale id formatted as `languageId-countryId` (e.g. `en-us`)
  */
-function $LocaleProvider() {
-  this.$get = function() {
-    return {
-      id: 'en-us',
-
-      NUMBER_FORMATS: {
-        DECIMAL_SEP: '.',
-        GROUP_SEP: ',',
-        PATTERNS: [
-          { // Decimal Pattern
-            minInt: 1,
-            minFrac: 0,
-            maxFrac: 3,
-            posPre: '',
-            posSuf: '',
-            negPre: '-',
-            negSuf: '',
-            gSize: 3,
-            lgSize: 3
-          },{ //Currency Pattern
-            minInt: 1,
-            minFrac: 2,
-            maxFrac: 2,
-            posPre: '\u00A4',
-            posSuf: '',
-            negPre: '(\u00A4',
-            negSuf: ')',
-            gSize: 3,
-            lgSize: 3
-          }
-        ],
-        CURRENCY_SYM: '$'
-      },
-
-      DATETIME_FORMATS: {
-        MONTH:
-            'January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December'
-            .split(','),
-        SHORTMONTH:  'Jan,Feb,Mar,Apr,May,Jun,Jul,Aug,Sep,Oct,Nov,Dec'.split(','),
-        DAY: 'Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday'.split(','),
-        SHORTDAY: 'Sun,Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat'.split(','),
-        AMPMS: ['AM','PM'],
-        medium: 'MMM d, y h:mm:ss a',
-        'short': 'M/d/yy h:mm a',
-        fullDate: 'EEEE, MMMM d, y',
-        longDate: 'MMMM d, y',
-        mediumDate: 'MMM d, y',
-        shortDate: 'M/d/yy',
-        mediumTime: 'h:mm:ss a',
-        shortTime: 'h:mm a',
-        ERANAMES: [
-          "Before Christ",
-          "Anno Domini"
-        ],
-        ERAS: [
-          "BC",
-          "AD"
-        ]
-      },
-
-      pluralCat: function(num) {
-        if (num === 1) {
-          return 'one';
-        }
-        return 'other';
-      }
-    };
-  };
-}
 
 var PATH_MATCH = /^([^\?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?$/,
     DEFAULT_PORTS = {'http': 80, 'https': 443, 'ftp': 21};
@@ -11284,12 +12370,12 @@ function serverBase(url) {
  *
  * @constructor
  * @param {string} appBase application base URL
+ * @param {string} appBaseNoFile application base URL stripped of any filename
  * @param {string} basePrefix url path prefix
  */
-function LocationHtml5Url(appBase, basePrefix) {
+function LocationHtml5Url(appBase, appBaseNoFile, basePrefix) {
   this.$$html5 = true;
   basePrefix = basePrefix || '';
-  var appBaseNoFile = stripFile(appBase);
   parseAbsoluteUrl(appBase, this);
 
 
@@ -11336,14 +12422,14 @@ function LocationHtml5Url(appBase, basePrefix) {
     var appUrl, prevAppUrl;
     var rewrittenUrl;
 
-    if ((appUrl = beginsWith(appBase, url)) !== undefined) {
+    if (isDefined(appUrl = beginsWith(appBase, url))) {
       prevAppUrl = appUrl;
-      if ((appUrl = beginsWith(basePrefix, appUrl)) !== undefined) {
+      if (isDefined(appUrl = beginsWith(basePrefix, appUrl))) {
         rewrittenUrl = appBaseNoFile + (beginsWith('/', appUrl) || appUrl);
       } else {
         rewrittenUrl = appBase + prevAppUrl;
       }
-    } else if ((appUrl = beginsWith(appBaseNoFile, url)) !== undefined) {
+    } else if (isDefined(appUrl = beginsWith(appBaseNoFile, url))) {
       rewrittenUrl = appBaseNoFile + appUrl;
     } else if (appBaseNoFile == url + '/') {
       rewrittenUrl = appBaseNoFile;
@@ -11363,10 +12449,10 @@ function LocationHtml5Url(appBase, basePrefix) {
  *
  * @constructor
  * @param {string} appBase application base URL
+ * @param {string} appBaseNoFile application base URL stripped of any filename
  * @param {string} hashPrefix hashbang prefix
  */
-function LocationHashbangUrl(appBase, hashPrefix) {
-  var appBaseNoFile = stripFile(appBase);
+function LocationHashbangUrl(appBase, appBaseNoFile, hashPrefix) {
 
   parseAbsoluteUrl(appBase, this);
 
@@ -11475,14 +12561,13 @@ function LocationHashbangUrl(appBase, hashPrefix) {
  *
  * @constructor
  * @param {string} appBase application base URL
+ * @param {string} appBaseNoFile application base URL stripped of any filename
  * @param {string} hashPrefix hashbang prefix
  */
-function LocationHashbangInHtml5Url(appBase, hashPrefix) {
+function LocationHashbangInHtml5Url(appBase, appBaseNoFile, hashPrefix) {
   this.$$html5 = true;
   LocationHashbangUrl.apply(this, arguments);
 
-  var appBaseNoFile = stripFile(appBase);
-
   this.$$parseLinkUrl = function(url, relHref) {
     if (relHref && relHref[0] === '#') {
       // special case for links to hash fragments:
@@ -11512,7 +12597,7 @@ function LocationHashbangInHtml5Url(appBase, hashPrefix) {
         hash = this.$$hash ? '#' + encodeUriSegment(this.$$hash) : '';
 
     this.$$url = encodePath(this.$$path) + (search ? '?' + search : '') + hash;
-    // include hashPrefix in $$absUrl when $$url is empty so IE8 & 9 do not reload page because of removal of '#'
+    // include hashPrefix in $$absUrl when $$url is empty so IE9 does not reload page because of removal of '#'
     this.$$absUrl = appBase + hashPrefix + this.$$url;
   };
 
@@ -11770,9 +12855,9 @@ var locationPrototype = {
    * @description
    * This method is getter / setter.
    *
-   * Return hash fragment when called without any parameter.
+   * Returns the hash fragment when called without any parameters.
    *
-   * Change hash fragment when called with parameter and return `$location`.
+   * Changes the hash fragment when called with a parameter and returns `$location`.
    *
    *
    * ```js
@@ -11793,8 +12878,8 @@ var locationPrototype = {
    * @name $location#replace
    *
    * @description
-   * If called, all changes to $location during current `$digest` will be replacing current history
-   * record, instead of adding new one.
+   * If called, all changes to $location during the current `$digest` will replace the current history
+   * record, instead of adding a new one.
    */
   replace: function() {
     this.$$replace = true;
@@ -12021,7 +13106,9 @@ function $LocationProvider() {
       appBase = stripHash(initialUrl);
       LocationMode = LocationHashbangUrl;
     }
-    $location = new LocationMode(appBase, '#' + hashPrefix);
+    var appBaseNoFile = stripFile(appBase);
+
+    $location = new LocationMode(appBase, appBaseNoFile, '#' + hashPrefix);
     $location.$$parseLinkUrl(initialUrl, initialUrl);
 
     $location.$$state = $browser.state();
@@ -12101,11 +13188,18 @@ function $LocationProvider() {
 
     // update $location when $browser url changes
     $browser.onUrlChange(function(newUrl, newState) {
+
+      if (isUndefined(beginsWith(appBaseNoFile, newUrl))) {
+        // If we are navigating outside of the app then force a reload
+        $window.location.href = newUrl;
+        return;
+      }
+
       $rootScope.$evalAsync(function() {
         var oldUrl = $location.absUrl();
         var oldState = $location.$$state;
         var defaultPrevented;
-
+        newUrl = trimEmptyHash(newUrl);
         $location.$$parse(newUrl);
         $location.$$state = newState;
 
@@ -12388,6 +13482,24 @@ function ensureSafeMemberName(name, fullExpression) {
   return name;
 }
 
+function getStringValue(name) {
+  // Property names must be strings. This means that non-string objects cannot be used
+  // as keys in an object. Any non-string object, including a number, is typecasted
+  // into a string via the toString method.
+  // -- MDN, https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Property_accessors#Property_names
+  //
+  // So, to ensure that we are checking the same `name` that JavaScript would use, we cast it
+  // to a string. It's not always possible. If `name` is an object and its `toString` method is
+  // 'broken' (doesn't return a string, isn't a function, etc.), an error will be thrown:
+  //
+  // TypeError: Cannot convert object to primitive value
+  //
+  // For performance reasons, we don't catch this error here and allow it to propagate up the call
+  // stack. Note that you'll get the same error in JavaScript if you try to access a property using
+  // such a 'broken' object as a key.
+  return name + '';
+}
+
 function ensureSafeObject(obj, fullExpression) {
   // nifty check if obj is Function that is fast and works across iframes and other contexts
   if (obj) {
@@ -12433,6 +13545,16 @@ function ensureSafeFunction(obj, fullExpression) {
   }
 }
 
+function ensureSafeAssignContext(obj, fullExpression) {
+  if (obj) {
+    if (obj === (0).constructor || obj === (false).constructor || obj === ''.constructor ||
+        obj === {}.constructor || obj === [].constructor || obj === Function.constructor) {
+      throw $parseMinErr('isecaf',
+        'Assigning to a constructor is disallowed! Expression: {0}', fullExpression);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 var OPERATORS = createMap();
 forEach('+ - * / % === !== == != < > <= >= && || ! = |'.split(' '), function(operator) { OPERATORS[operator] = true; });
 var ESCAPE = {"n":"\n", "f":"\f", "r":"\r", "t":"\t", "v":"\v", "'":"'", '"':'"'};
@@ -12636,6 +13758,7 @@ AST.ArrayExpression = 'ArrayExpression';
 AST.Property = 'Property';
 AST.ObjectExpression = 'ObjectExpression';
 AST.ThisExpression = 'ThisExpression';
+AST.LocalsExpression = 'LocalsExpression';
 
 // Internal use only
 AST.NGValueParameter = 'NGValueParameter';
@@ -12774,8 +13897,10 @@ AST.prototype = {
       primary = this.arrayDeclaration();
     } else if (this.expect('{')) {
       primary = this.object();
-    } else if (this.constants.hasOwnProperty(this.peek().text)) {
-      primary = copy(this.constants[this.consume().text]);
+    } else if (this.selfReferential.hasOwnProperty(this.peek().text)) {
+      primary = copy(this.selfReferential[this.consume().text]);
+    } else if (this.options.literals.hasOwnProperty(this.peek().text)) {
+      primary = { type: AST.Literal, value: this.options.literals[this.consume().text]};
     } else if (this.peek().identifier) {
       primary = this.identifier();
     } else if (this.peek().constant) {
@@ -12927,16 +14052,9 @@ AST.prototype = {
     return false;
   },
 
-
-  /* `undefined` is not a constant, it is an identifier,
-   * but using it as an identifier is not supported
-   */
-  constants: {
-    'true': { type: AST.Literal, value: true },
-    'false': { type: AST.Literal, value: false },
-    'null': { type: AST.Literal, value: null },
-    'undefined': {type: AST.Literal, value: undefined },
-    'this': {type: AST.ThisExpression }
+  selfReferential: {
+    'this': {type: AST.ThisExpression },
+    '$locals': {type: AST.LocalsExpression }
   }
 };
 
@@ -13056,6 +14174,10 @@ function findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast, $filter) {
     ast.constant = false;
     ast.toWatch = [];
     break;
+  case AST.LocalsExpression:
+    ast.constant = false;
+    ast.toWatch = [];
+    break;
   }
 }
 
@@ -13114,6 +14236,7 @@ ASTCompiler.prototype = {
       this.state.computing = 'assign';
       var result = this.nextId();
       this.recurse(assignable, result);
+      this.return_(result);
       extra = 'fn.assign=' + this.generateFunction('assign', 's,v,l');
     }
     var toWatch = getInputs(ast.body);
@@ -13146,6 +14269,8 @@ ASTCompiler.prototype = {
         'ensureSafeMemberName',
         'ensureSafeObject',
         'ensureSafeFunction',
+        'getStringValue',
+        'ensureSafeAssignContext',
         'ifDefined',
         'plus',
         'text',
@@ -13154,6 +14279,8 @@ ASTCompiler.prototype = {
           ensureSafeMemberName,
           ensureSafeObject,
           ensureSafeFunction,
+          getStringValue,
+          ensureSafeAssignContext,
           ifDefined,
           plusFn,
           expression);
@@ -13294,9 +14421,13 @@ ASTCompiler.prototype = {
       intoId = intoId || this.nextId();
       self.recurse(ast.object, left, undefined, function() {
         self.if_(self.notNull(left), function() {
+          if (create && create !== 1) {
+            self.addEnsureSafeAssignContext(left);
+          }
           if (ast.computed) {
             right = self.nextId();
             self.recurse(ast.property, right);
+            self.getStringValue(right);
             self.addEnsureSafeMemberName(right);
             if (create && create !== 1) {
               self.if_(self.not(self.computedMember(left, right)), self.lazyAssign(self.computedMember(left, right), '{}'));
@@ -13374,12 +14505,13 @@ ASTCompiler.prototype = {
       right = this.nextId();
       left = {};
       if (!isAssignable(ast.left)) {
-        throw $parseMinErr('lval', 'Trying to assing a value to a non l-value');
+        throw $parseMinErr('lval', 'Trying to assign a value to a non l-value');
       }
       this.recurse(ast.left, undefined, left, function() {
         self.if_(self.notNull(left.context), function() {
           self.recurse(ast.right, right);
           self.addEnsureSafeObject(self.member(left.context, left.name, left.computed));
+          self.addEnsureSafeAssignContext(left.context);
           expression = self.member(left.context, left.name, left.computed) + ast.operator + right;
           self.assign(intoId, expression);
           recursionFn(intoId || expression);
@@ -13415,6 +14547,10 @@ ASTCompiler.prototype = {
       this.assign(intoId, 's');
       recursionFn('s');
       break;
+    case AST.LocalsExpression:
+      this.assign(intoId, 'l');
+      recursionFn('l');
+      break;
     case AST.NGValueParameter:
       this.assign(intoId, 'v');
       recursionFn('v');
@@ -13505,6 +14641,10 @@ ASTCompiler.prototype = {
     this.current().body.push(this.ensureSafeFunction(item), ';');
   },
 
+  addEnsureSafeAssignContext: function(item) {
+    this.current().body.push(this.ensureSafeAssignContext(item), ';');
+  },
+
   ensureSafeObject: function(item) {
     return 'ensureSafeObject(' + item + ',text)';
   },
@@ -13517,6 +14657,14 @@ ASTCompiler.prototype = {
     return 'ensureSafeFunction(' + item + ',text)';
   },
 
+  getStringValue: function(item) {
+    this.assign(item, 'getStringValue(' + item + ')');
+  },
+
+  ensureSafeAssignContext: function(item) {
+    return 'ensureSafeAssignContext(' + item + ',text)';
+  },
+
   lazyRecurse: function(ast, intoId, nameId, recursionFn, create, skipWatchIdCheck) {
     var self = this;
     return function() {
@@ -13594,7 +14742,7 @@ ASTInterpreter.prototype = {
     forEach(ast.body, function(expression) {
       expressions.push(self.recurse(expression.expression));
     });
-    var fn = ast.body.length === 0 ? function() {} :
+    var fn = ast.body.length === 0 ? noop :
              ast.body.length === 1 ? expressions[0] :
              function(scope, locals) {
                var lastValue;
@@ -13694,6 +14842,7 @@ ASTInterpreter.prototype = {
         var lhs = left(scope, locals, assign, inputs);
         var rhs = right(scope, locals, assign, inputs);
         ensureSafeObject(lhs.value, self.expression);
+        ensureSafeAssignContext(lhs.context);
         lhs.context[lhs.name] = rhs;
         return context ? {value: rhs} : rhs;
       };
@@ -13729,8 +14878,12 @@ ASTInterpreter.prototype = {
       return function(scope) {
         return context ? {value: scope} : scope;
       };
+    case AST.LocalsExpression:
+      return function(scope, locals) {
+        return context ? {value: locals} : locals;
+      };
     case AST.NGValueParameter:
-      return function(scope, locals, assign, inputs) {
+      return function(scope, locals, assign) {
         return context ? {value: assign} : assign;
       };
     }
@@ -13891,9 +15044,13 @@ ASTInterpreter.prototype = {
       var value;
       if (lhs != null) {
         rhs = right(scope, locals, assign, inputs);
+        rhs = getStringValue(rhs);
         ensureSafeMemberName(rhs, expression);
-        if (create && create !== 1 && lhs && !(lhs[rhs])) {
-          lhs[rhs] = {};
+        if (create && create !== 1) {
+          ensureSafeAssignContext(lhs);
+          if (lhs && !(lhs[rhs])) {
+            lhs[rhs] = {};
+          }
         }
         value = lhs[rhs];
         ensureSafeObject(value, expression);
@@ -13908,8 +15065,11 @@ ASTInterpreter.prototype = {
   nonComputedMember: function(left, right, expensiveChecks, context, create, expression) {
     return function(scope, locals, assign, inputs) {
       var lhs = left(scope, locals, assign, inputs);
-      if (create && create !== 1 && lhs && !(lhs[right])) {
-        lhs[right] = {};
+      if (create && create !== 1) {
+        ensureSafeAssignContext(lhs);
+        if (lhs && !(lhs[right])) {
+          lhs[right] = {};
+        }
       }
       var value = lhs != null ? lhs[right] : undefined;
       if (expensiveChecks || isPossiblyDangerousMemberName(right)) {
@@ -13937,7 +15097,7 @@ var Parser = function(lexer, $filter, options) {
   this.lexer = lexer;
   this.$filter = $filter;
   this.options = options;
-  this.ast = new AST(this.lexer);
+  this.ast = new AST(lexer, options);
   this.astCompiler = options.csp ? new ASTInterpreter(this.ast, $filter) :
                                    new ASTCompiler(this.ast, $filter);
 };
@@ -13950,32 +15110,6 @@ Parser.prototype = {
   }
 };
 
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////
-// Parser helper functions
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-function setter(obj, path, setValue, fullExp) {
-  ensureSafeObject(obj, fullExp);
-
-  var element = path.split('.'), key;
-  for (var i = 0; element.length > 1; i++) {
-    key = ensureSafeMemberName(element.shift(), fullExp);
-    var propertyObj = ensureSafeObject(obj[key], fullExp);
-    if (!propertyObj) {
-      propertyObj = {};
-      obj[key] = propertyObj;
-    }
-    obj = propertyObj;
-  }
-  key = ensureSafeMemberName(element.shift(), fullExp);
-  ensureSafeObject(obj[key], fullExp);
-  obj[key] = setValue;
-  return setValue;
-}
-
-var getterFnCacheDefault = createMap();
-var getterFnCacheExpensive = createMap();
-
 function isPossiblyDangerousMemberName(name) {
   return name == 'constructor';
 }
@@ -14040,20 +15174,53 @@ function getValueOf(value) {
 function $ParseProvider() {
   var cacheDefault = createMap();
   var cacheExpensive = createMap();
+  var literals = {
+    'true': true,
+    'false': false,
+    'null': null,
+    'undefined': undefined
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * @ngdoc method
+   * @name $parseProvider#addLiteral
+   * @description
+   *
+   * Configure $parse service to add literal values that will be present as literal at expressions.
+   *
+   * @param {string} literalName Token for the literal value. The literal name value must be a valid literal name.
+   * @param {*} literalValue Value for this literal. All literal values must be primitives or `undefined`.
+   *
+   **/
+  this.addLiteral = function(literalName, literalValue) {
+    literals[literalName] = literalValue;
+  };
 
-  this.$get = ['$filter', '$sniffer', function($filter, $sniffer) {
+  this.$get = ['$filter', function($filter) {
+    var noUnsafeEval = csp().noUnsafeEval;
     var $parseOptions = {
-          csp: $sniffer.csp,
-          expensiveChecks: false
+          csp: noUnsafeEval,
+          expensiveChecks: false,
+          literals: copy(literals)
         },
         $parseOptionsExpensive = {
-          csp: $sniffer.csp,
-          expensiveChecks: true
+          csp: noUnsafeEval,
+          expensiveChecks: true,
+          literals: copy(literals)
         };
+    var runningChecksEnabled = false;
+
+    $parse.$$runningExpensiveChecks = function() {
+      return runningChecksEnabled;
+    };
 
-    return function $parse(exp, interceptorFn, expensiveChecks) {
+    return $parse;
+
+    function $parse(exp, interceptorFn, expensiveChecks) {
       var parsedExpression, oneTime, cacheKey;
 
+      expensiveChecks = expensiveChecks || runningChecksEnabled;
+
       switch (typeof exp) {
         case 'string':
           exp = exp.trim();
@@ -14079,6 +15246,9 @@ function $ParseProvider() {
             } else if (parsedExpression.inputs) {
               parsedExpression.$$watchDelegate = inputsWatchDelegate;
             }
+            if (expensiveChecks) {
+              parsedExpression = expensiveChecksInterceptor(parsedExpression);
+            }
             cache[cacheKey] = parsedExpression;
           }
           return addInterceptor(parsedExpression, interceptorFn);
@@ -14087,9 +15257,33 @@ function $ParseProvider() {
           return addInterceptor(exp, interceptorFn);
 
         default:
-          return noop;
+          return addInterceptor(noop, interceptorFn);
       }
-    };
+    }
+
+    function expensiveChecksInterceptor(fn) {
+      if (!fn) return fn;
+      expensiveCheckFn.$$watchDelegate = fn.$$watchDelegate;
+      expensiveCheckFn.assign = expensiveChecksInterceptor(fn.assign);
+      expensiveCheckFn.constant = fn.constant;
+      expensiveCheckFn.literal = fn.literal;
+      for (var i = 0; fn.inputs && i < fn.inputs.length; ++i) {
+        fn.inputs[i] = expensiveChecksInterceptor(fn.inputs[i]);
+      }
+      expensiveCheckFn.inputs = fn.inputs;
+
+      return expensiveCheckFn;
+
+      function expensiveCheckFn(scope, locals, assign, inputs) {
+        var expensiveCheckOldValue = runningChecksEnabled;
+        runningChecksEnabled = true;
+        try {
+          return fn(scope, locals, assign, inputs);
+        } finally {
+          runningChecksEnabled = expensiveCheckOldValue;
+        }
+      }
+    }
 
     function expressionInputDirtyCheck(newValue, oldValueOfValue) {
 
@@ -14206,25 +15400,22 @@ function $ParseProvider() {
     function constantWatchDelegate(scope, listener, objectEquality, parsedExpression) {
       var unwatch;
       return unwatch = scope.$watch(function constantWatch(scope) {
-        return parsedExpression(scope);
-      }, function constantListener(value, old, scope) {
-        if (isFunction(listener)) {
-          listener.apply(this, arguments);
-        }
         unwatch();
-      }, objectEquality);
+        return parsedExpression(scope);
+      }, listener, objectEquality);
     }
 
     function addInterceptor(parsedExpression, interceptorFn) {
       if (!interceptorFn) return parsedExpression;
       var watchDelegate = parsedExpression.$$watchDelegate;
+      var useInputs = false;
 
       var regularWatch =
           watchDelegate !== oneTimeLiteralWatchDelegate &&
           watchDelegate !== oneTimeWatchDelegate;
 
       var fn = regularWatch ? function regularInterceptedExpression(scope, locals, assign, inputs) {
-        var value = parsedExpression(scope, locals, assign, inputs);
+        var value = useInputs && inputs ? inputs[0] : parsedExpression(scope, locals, assign, inputs);
         return interceptorFn(value, scope, locals);
       } : function oneTimeInterceptedExpression(scope, locals, assign, inputs) {
         var value = parsedExpression(scope, locals, assign, inputs);
@@ -14242,6 +15433,7 @@ function $ParseProvider() {
         // If there is an interceptor, but no watchDelegate then treat the interceptor like
         // we treat filters - it is assumed to be a pure function unless flagged with $stateful
         fn.$$watchDelegate = inputsWatchDelegate;
+        useInputs = !parsedExpression.inputs;
         fn.inputs = parsedExpression.inputs ? parsedExpression.inputs : [parsedExpression];
       }
 
@@ -14263,15 +15455,15 @@ function $ParseProvider() {
  * [Kris Kowal's Q](https://github.com/kriskowal/q).
  *
  * $q can be used in two fashions --- one which is more similar to Kris Kowal's Q or jQuery's Deferred
- * implementations, and the other which resembles ES6 promises to some degree.
+ * implementations, and the other which resembles ES6 (ES2015) promises to some degree.
  *
  * # $q constructor
  *
  * The streamlined ES6 style promise is essentially just using $q as a constructor which takes a `resolver`
- * function as the first argument. This is similar to the native Promise implementation from ES6 Harmony,
+ * function as the first argument. This is similar to the native Promise implementation from ES6,
  * see [MDN](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise).
  *
- * While the constructor-style use is supported, not all of the supporting methods from ES6 Harmony promises are
+ * While the constructor-style use is supported, not all of the supporting methods from ES6 promises are
  * available yet.
  *
  * It can be used like so:
@@ -14303,6 +15495,8 @@ function $ParseProvider() {
  *
  * Note: progress/notify callbacks are not currently supported via the ES6-style interface.
  *
+ * Note: unlike ES6 behavior, an exception thrown in the constructor function will NOT implicitly reject the promise.
+ *
  * However, the more traditional CommonJS-style usage is still available, and documented below.
  *
  * [The CommonJS Promise proposal](http://wiki.commonjs.org/wiki/Promises) describes a promise as an
@@ -14434,7 +15628,7 @@ function $ParseProvider() {
  * - Q has many more features than $q, but that comes at a cost of bytes. $q is tiny, but contains
  *   all the important functionality needed for common async tasks.
  *
- *  # Testing
+ * # Testing
  *
  *  ```js
  *    it('should simulate promise', inject(function($q, $rootScope) {
@@ -14491,18 +15685,6 @@ function $$QProvider() {
  */
 function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
   var $qMinErr = minErr('$q', TypeError);
-  function callOnce(self, resolveFn, rejectFn) {
-    var called = false;
-    function wrap(fn) {
-      return function(value) {
-        if (called) return;
-        called = true;
-        fn.call(self, value);
-      };
-    }
-
-    return [wrap(resolveFn), wrap(rejectFn)];
-  }
 
   /**
    * @ngdoc method
@@ -14515,15 +15697,23 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
    * @returns {Deferred} Returns a new instance of deferred.
    */
   var defer = function() {
-    return new Deferred();
+    var d = new Deferred();
+    //Necessary to support unbound execution :/
+    d.resolve = simpleBind(d, d.resolve);
+    d.reject = simpleBind(d, d.reject);
+    d.notify = simpleBind(d, d.notify);
+    return d;
   };
 
   function Promise() {
     this.$$state = { status: 0 };
   }
 
-  Promise.prototype = {
+  extend(Promise.prototype, {
     then: function(onFulfilled, onRejected, progressBack) {
+      if (isUndefined(onFulfilled) && isUndefined(onRejected) && isUndefined(progressBack)) {
+        return this;
+      }
       var result = new Deferred();
 
       this.$$state.pending = this.$$state.pending || [];
@@ -14544,7 +15734,7 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
         return handleCallback(error, false, callback);
       }, progressBack);
     }
-  };
+  });
 
   //Faster, more basic than angular.bind http://jsperf.com/angular-bind-vs-custom-vs-native
   function simpleBind(context, fn) {
@@ -14585,13 +15775,9 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
 
   function Deferred() {
     this.promise = new Promise();
-    //Necessary to support unbound execution :/
-    this.resolve = simpleBind(this, this.resolve);
-    this.reject = simpleBind(this, this.reject);
-    this.notify = simpleBind(this, this.notify);
   }
 
-  Deferred.prototype = {
+  extend(Deferred.prototype, {
     resolve: function(val) {
       if (this.promise.$$state.status) return;
       if (val === this.promise) {
@@ -14606,23 +15792,34 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
     },
 
     $$resolve: function(val) {
-      var then, fns;
-
-      fns = callOnce(this, this.$$resolve, this.$$reject);
+      var then;
+      var that = this;
+      var done = false;
       try {
         if ((isObject(val) || isFunction(val))) then = val && val.then;
         if (isFunction(then)) {
           this.promise.$$state.status = -1;
-          then.call(val, fns[0], fns[1], this.notify);
+          then.call(val, resolvePromise, rejectPromise, simpleBind(this, this.notify));
         } else {
           this.promise.$$state.value = val;
           this.promise.$$state.status = 1;
           scheduleProcessQueue(this.promise.$$state);
         }
       } catch (e) {
-        fns[1](e);
+        rejectPromise(e);
         exceptionHandler(e);
       }
+
+      function resolvePromise(val) {
+        if (done) return;
+        done = true;
+        that.$$resolve(val);
+      }
+      function rejectPromise(val) {
+        if (done) return;
+        done = true;
+        that.$$reject(val);
+      }
     },
 
     reject: function(reason) {
@@ -14654,7 +15851,7 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
         });
       }
     }
-  };
+  });
 
   /**
    * @ngdoc method
@@ -14737,6 +15934,9 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
    * the promise comes from a source that can't be trusted.
    *
    * @param {*} value Value or a promise
+   * @param {Function=} successCallback
+   * @param {Function=} errorCallback
+   * @param {Function=} progressCallback
    * @returns {Promise} Returns a promise of the passed value or promise
    */
 
@@ -14756,6 +15956,9 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
    * Alias of {@link ng.$q#when when} to maintain naming consistency with ES6.
    *
    * @param {*} value Value or a promise
+   * @param {Function=} successCallback
+   * @param {Function=} errorCallback
+   * @param {Function=} progressCallback
    * @returns {Promise} Returns a promise of the passed value or promise
    */
   var resolve = when;
@@ -14805,11 +16008,6 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
       throw $qMinErr('norslvr', "Expected resolverFn, got '{0}'", resolver);
     }
 
-    if (!(this instanceof Q)) {
-      // More useful when $Q is the Promise itself.
-      return new Q(resolver);
-    }
-
     var deferred = new Deferred();
 
     function resolveFn(value) {
@@ -14825,6 +16023,10 @@ function qFactory(nextTick, exceptionHandler) {
     return deferred.promise;
   };
 
+  // Let's make the instanceof operator work for promises, so that
+  // `new $q(fn) instanceof $q` would evaluate to true.
+  $Q.prototype = Promise.prototype;
+
   $Q.defer = defer;
   $Q.reject = reject;
   $Q.when = when;
@@ -14844,7 +16046,7 @@ function $$RAFProvider() { //rAF
                                $window.webkitCancelRequestAnimationFrame;
 
     var rafSupported = !!requestAnimationFrame;
-    var rafFn = rafSupported
+    var raf = rafSupported
       ? function(fn) {
           var id = requestAnimationFrame(fn);
           return function() {
@@ -14858,47 +16060,9 @@ function $$RAFProvider() { //rAF
           };
         };
 
-    queueFn.supported = rafSupported;
-
-    var cancelLastRAF;
-    var taskCount = 0;
-    var taskQueue = [];
-    return queueFn;
-
-    function flush() {
-      for (var i = 0; i < taskQueue.length; i++) {
-        var task = taskQueue[i];
-        if (task) {
-          taskQueue[i] = null;
-          task();
-        }
-      }
-      taskCount = taskQueue.length = 0;
-    }
-
-    function queueFn(asyncFn) {
-      var index = taskQueue.length;
+    raf.supported = rafSupported;
 
-      taskCount++;
-      taskQueue.push(asyncFn);
-
-      if (index === 0) {
-        cancelLastRAF = rafFn(flush);
-      }
-
-      return function cancelQueueFn() {
-        if (index >= 0) {
-          taskQueue[index] = null;
-          index = null;
-
-          if (--taskCount === 0 && cancelLastRAF) {
-            cancelLastRAF();
-            cancelLastRAF = null;
-            taskQueue.length = 0;
-          }
-        }
-      };
-    }
+    return raf;
   }];
 }
 
@@ -14916,15 +16080,15 @@ function $$RAFProvider() { //rAF
  *     exposed as $$____ properties
  *
  * Loop operations are optimized by using while(count--) { ... }
- *   - this means that in order to keep the same order of execution as addition we have to add
+ *   - This means that in order to keep the same order of execution as addition we have to add
  *     items to the array at the beginning (unshift) instead of at the end (push)
  *
  * Child scopes are created and removed often
- *   - Using an array would be slow since inserts in middle are expensive so we use linked list
+ *   - Using an array would be slow since inserts in the middle are expensive; so we use linked lists
  *
- * There are few watches then a lot of observers. This is why you don't want the observer to be
- * implemented in the same way as watch. Watch requires return of initialization function which
- * are expensive to construct.
+ * There are fewer watches than observers. This is why you don't want the observer to be implemented
+ * in the same way as watch. Watch requires return of the initialization function which is expensive
+ * to construct.
  */
 
 
@@ -14966,7 +16130,7 @@ function $$RAFProvider() { //rAF
  * Every application has a single root {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope scope}.
  * All other scopes are descendant scopes of the root scope. Scopes provide separation
  * between the model and the view, via a mechanism for watching the model for changes.
- * They also provide an event emission/broadcast and subscription facility. See the
+ * They also provide event emission/broadcast and subscription facility. See the
  * {@link guide/scope developer guide on scopes}.
  */
 function $RootScopeProvider() {
@@ -14996,13 +16160,36 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
     return ChildScope;
   }
 
-  this.$get = ['$injector', '$exceptionHandler', '$parse', '$browser',
-      function($injector, $exceptionHandler, $parse, $browser) {
+  this.$get = ['$exceptionHandler', '$parse', '$browser',
+      function($exceptionHandler, $parse, $browser) {
 
     function destroyChildScope($event) {
         $event.currentScope.$$destroyed = true;
     }
 
+    function cleanUpScope($scope) {
+
+      if (msie === 9) {
+        // There is a memory leak in IE9 if all child scopes are not disconnected
+        // completely when a scope is destroyed. So this code will recurse up through
+        // all this scopes children
+        //
+        // See issue https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/10706
+        $scope.$$childHead && cleanUpScope($scope.$$childHead);
+        $scope.$$nextSibling && cleanUpScope($scope.$$nextSibling);
+      }
+
+      // The code below works around IE9 and V8's memory leaks
+      //
+      // See:
+      // - https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=2073#c26
+      // - https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/6794#issuecomment-38648909
+      // - https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/1313#issuecomment-10378451
+
+      $scope.$parent = $scope.$$nextSibling = $scope.$$prevSibling = $scope.$$childHead =
+          $scope.$$childTail = $scope.$root = $scope.$$watchers = null;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @ngdoc type
      * @name $rootScope.Scope
@@ -15011,12 +16198,9 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
      * A root scope can be retrieved using the {@link ng.$rootScope $rootScope} key from the
      * {@link auto.$injector $injector}. Child scopes are created using the
      * {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$new $new()} method. (Most scopes are created automatically when
-     * compiled HTML template is executed.)
+     * compiled HTML template is executed.) See also the {@link guide/scope Scopes guide} for
+     * an in-depth introduction and usage examples.
      *
-     * Here is a simple scope snippet to show how you can interact with the scope.
-     * ```html
-     * <file src="./test/ng/rootScopeSpec.js" tag="docs1" />
-     * ```
      *
      * # Inheritance
      * A scope can inherit from a parent scope, as in this example:
@@ -15158,10 +16342,10 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
        * Registers a `listener` callback to be executed whenever the `watchExpression` changes.
        *
        * - The `watchExpression` is called on every call to {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$digest
-       *   $digest()} and should return the value that will be watched. (Since
-       *   {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$digest $digest()} reruns when it detects changes the
-       *   `watchExpression` can execute multiple times per
-       *   {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$digest $digest()} and should be idempotent.)
+       *   $digest()} and should return the value that will be watched. (`watchExpression` should not change
+       *   its value when executed multiple times with the same input because it may be executed multiple
+       *   times by {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$digest $digest()}. That is, `watchExpression` should be
+       *   [idempotent](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idempotence).
        * - The `listener` is called only when the value from the current `watchExpression` and the
        *   previous call to `watchExpression` are not equal (with the exception of the initial run,
        *   see below). Inequality is determined according to reference inequality,
@@ -15178,9 +16362,9 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
        *
        *
        * If you want to be notified whenever {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$digest $digest} is called,
-       * you can register a `watchExpression` function with no `listener`. (Since `watchExpression`
-       * can execute multiple times per {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$digest $digest} cycle when a
-       * change is detected, be prepared for multiple calls to your listener.)
+       * you can register a `watchExpression` function with no `listener`. (Be prepared for
+       * multiple calls to your `watchExpression` because it will execute multiple times in a
+       * single {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$digest $digest} cycle if a change is detected.)
        *
        * After a watcher is registered with the scope, the `listener` fn is called asynchronously
        * (via {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$evalAsync $evalAsync}) to initialize the
@@ -15261,7 +16445,7 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
        *    - `newVal` contains the current value of the `watchExpression`
        *    - `oldVal` contains the previous value of the `watchExpression`
        *    - `scope` refers to the current scope
-       * @param {boolean=} objectEquality Compare for object equality using {@link angular.equals} instead of
+       * @param {boolean=} [objectEquality=false] Compare for object equality using {@link angular.equals} instead of
        *     comparing for reference equality.
        * @returns {function()} Returns a deregistration function for this listener.
        */
@@ -15510,7 +16694,7 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
             // copy the items to oldValue and look for changes.
             newLength = 0;
             for (key in newValue) {
-              if (newValue.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+              if (hasOwnProperty.call(newValue, key)) {
                 newLength++;
                 newItem = newValue[key];
                 oldItem = oldValue[key];
@@ -15532,7 +16716,7 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
               // we used to have more keys, need to find them and destroy them.
               changeDetected++;
               for (key in oldValue) {
-                if (!newValue.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
+                if (!hasOwnProperty.call(newValue, key)) {
                   oldLength--;
                   delete oldValue[key];
                 }
@@ -15626,13 +16810,13 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
        *
        */
       $digest: function() {
-        var watch, value, last,
+        var watch, value, last, fn, get,
             watchers,
             length,
             dirty, ttl = TTL,
             next, current, target = this,
             watchLog = [],
-            logIdx, logMsg, asyncTask;
+            logIdx, asyncTask;
 
         beginPhase('$digest');
         // Check for changes to browser url that happened in sync before the call to $digest
@@ -15672,7 +16856,8 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
                   // Most common watches are on primitives, in which case we can short
                   // circuit it with === operator, only when === fails do we use .equals
                   if (watch) {
-                    if ((value = watch.get(current)) !== (last = watch.last) &&
+                    get = watch.get;
+                    if ((value = get(current)) !== (last = watch.last) &&
                         !(watch.eq
                             ? equals(value, last)
                             : (typeof value === 'number' && typeof last === 'number'
@@ -15680,7 +16865,8 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
                       dirty = true;
                       lastDirtyWatch = watch;
                       watch.last = watch.eq ? copy(value, null) : value;
-                      watch.fn(value, ((last === initWatchVal) ? value : last), current);
+                      fn = watch.fn;
+                      fn(value, ((last === initWatchVal) ? value : last), current);
                       if (ttl < 5) {
                         logIdx = 4 - ttl;
                         if (!watchLog[logIdx]) watchLog[logIdx] = [];
@@ -15802,16 +16988,9 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
         this.$on = this.$watch = this.$watchGroup = function() { return noop; };
         this.$$listeners = {};
 
-        // All of the code below is bogus code that works around V8's memory leak via optimized code
-        // and inline caches.
-        //
-        // see:
-        // - https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=2073#c26
-        // - https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/6794#issuecomment-38648909
-        // - https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/1313#issuecomment-10378451
-
-        this.$parent = this.$$nextSibling = this.$$prevSibling = this.$$childHead =
-            this.$$childTail = this.$root = this.$$watchers = null;
+        // Disconnect the next sibling to prevent `cleanUpScope` destroying those too
+        this.$$nextSibling = null;
+        cleanUpScope(this);
       },
 
       /**
@@ -15887,7 +17066,7 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
           });
         }
 
-        asyncQueue.push({scope: this, expression: expr, locals: locals});
+        asyncQueue.push({scope: this, expression: $parse(expr), locals: locals});
       },
 
       $$postDigest: function(fn) {
@@ -15942,11 +17121,14 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
       $apply: function(expr) {
         try {
           beginPhase('$apply');
-          return this.$eval(expr);
+          try {
+            return this.$eval(expr);
+          } finally {
+            clearPhase();
+          }
         } catch (e) {
           $exceptionHandler(e);
         } finally {
-          clearPhase();
           try {
             $rootScope.$digest();
           } catch (e) {
@@ -15976,6 +17158,7 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
       $applyAsync: function(expr) {
         var scope = this;
         expr && applyAsyncQueue.push($applyAsyncExpression);
+        expr = $parse(expr);
         scheduleApplyAsync();
 
         function $applyAsyncExpression() {
@@ -16250,6 +17433,21 @@ function $RootScopeProvider() {
   }];
 }
 
+/**
+ * @ngdoc service
+ * @name $rootElement
+ *
+ * @description
+ * The root element of Angular application. This is either the element where {@link
+ * ng.directive:ngApp ngApp} was declared or the element passed into
+ * {@link angular.bootstrap}. The element represents the root element of application. It is also the
+ * location where the application's {@link auto.$injector $injector} service gets
+ * published, and can be retrieved using `$rootElement.injector()`.
+ */
+
+
+// the implementation is in angular.bootstrap
+
 /**
  * @description
  * Private service to sanitize uris for links and images. Used by $compile and $sanitize.
@@ -16464,13 +17662,15 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
    * @kind function
    *
    * @param {Array=} whitelist When provided, replaces the resourceUrlWhitelist with the value
-   *     provided.  This must be an array or null.  A snapshot of this array is used so further
-   *     changes to the array are ignored.
+   *    provided.  This must be an array or null.  A snapshot of this array is used so further
+   *    changes to the array are ignored.
    *
-   *     Follow {@link ng.$sce#resourceUrlPatternItem this link} for a description of the items
-   *     allowed in this array.
+   *    Follow {@link ng.$sce#resourceUrlPatternItem this link} for a description of the items
+   *    allowed in this array.
    *
-   *     Note: **an empty whitelist array will block all URLs**!
+   *    <div class="alert alert-warning">
+   *    **Note:** an empty whitelist array will block all URLs!
+   *    </div>
    *
    * @return {Array} the currently set whitelist array.
    *
@@ -16493,17 +17693,17 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
    * @kind function
    *
    * @param {Array=} blacklist When provided, replaces the resourceUrlBlacklist with the value
-   *     provided.  This must be an array or null.  A snapshot of this array is used so further
-   *     changes to the array are ignored.
+   *    provided.  This must be an array or null.  A snapshot of this array is used so further
+   *    changes to the array are ignored.
    *
-   *     Follow {@link ng.$sce#resourceUrlPatternItem this link} for a description of the items
-   *     allowed in this array.
+   *    Follow {@link ng.$sce#resourceUrlPatternItem this link} for a description of the items
+   *    allowed in this array.
    *
-   *     The typical usage for the blacklist is to **block
-   *     [open redirects](http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/601.html)** served by your domain as
-   *     these would otherwise be trusted but actually return content from the redirected domain.
+   *    The typical usage for the blacklist is to **block
+   *    [open redirects](http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/601.html)** served by your domain as
+   *    these would otherwise be trusted but actually return content from the redirected domain.
    *
-   *     Finally, **the blacklist overrides the whitelist** and has the final say.
+   *    Finally, **the blacklist overrides the whitelist** and has the final say.
    *
    * @return {Array} the currently set blacklist array.
    *
@@ -16614,7 +17814,7 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
             'Attempted to trust a value in invalid context. Context: {0}; Value: {1}',
             type, trustedValue);
       }
-      if (trustedValue === null || trustedValue === undefined || trustedValue === '') {
+      if (trustedValue === null || isUndefined(trustedValue) || trustedValue === '') {
         return trustedValue;
       }
       // All the current contexts in SCE_CONTEXTS happen to be strings.  In order to avoid trusting
@@ -16662,6 +17862,11 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
      * returns the originally supplied value if the queried context type is a supertype of the
      * created type.  If this condition isn't satisfied, throws an exception.
      *
+     * <div class="alert alert-danger">
+     * Disabling auto-escaping is extremely dangerous, it usually creates a Cross Site Scripting
+     * (XSS) vulnerability in your application.
+     * </div>
+     *
      * @param {string} type The kind of context in which this value is to be used.
      * @param {*} maybeTrusted The result of a prior {@link ng.$sceDelegate#trustAs
      *     `$sceDelegate.trustAs`} call.
@@ -16669,7 +17874,7 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
      *     `$sceDelegate.trustAs`} if valid in this context.  Otherwise, throws an exception.
      */
     function getTrusted(type, maybeTrusted) {
-      if (maybeTrusted === null || maybeTrusted === undefined || maybeTrusted === '') {
+      if (maybeTrusted === null || isUndefined(maybeTrusted) || maybeTrusted === '') {
         return maybeTrusted;
       }
       var constructor = (byType.hasOwnProperty(type) ? byType[type] : null);
@@ -16804,7 +18009,7 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
  * By default, Angular only loads templates from the same domain and protocol as the application
  * document.  This is done by calling {@link ng.$sce#getTrustedResourceUrl
  * $sce.getTrustedResourceUrl} on the template URL.  To load templates from other domains and/or
- * protocols, you may either either {@link ng.$sceDelegateProvider#resourceUrlWhitelist whitelist
+ * protocols, you may either {@link ng.$sceDelegateProvider#resourceUrlWhitelist whitelist
  * them} or {@link ng.$sce#trustAsResourceUrl wrap it} into a trusted value.
  *
  * *Please note*:
@@ -16862,10 +18067,10 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
  *    - There are exactly **two wildcard sequences** - `*` and `**`.  All other characters
  *      match themselves.
  *    - `*`: matches zero or more occurrences of any character other than one of the following 6
- *      characters: '`:`', '`/`', '`.`', '`?`', '`&`' and ';'.  It's a useful wildcard for use
+ *      characters: '`:`', '`/`', '`.`', '`?`', '`&`' and '`;`'.  It's a useful wildcard for use
  *      in a whitelist.
  *    - `**`: matches zero or more occurrences of *any* character.  As such, it's not
- *      not appropriate to use in for a scheme, domain, etc. as it would match too much.  (e.g.
+ *      appropriate for use in a scheme, domain, etc. as it would match too much.  (e.g.
  *      http://**.example.com/ would match http://evil.com/?ignore=.example.com/ and that might
  *      not have been the intention.)  Its usage at the very end of the path is ok.  (e.g.
  *      http://foo.example.com/templates/**).
@@ -16873,11 +18078,11 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
  *    - *Caveat*:  While regular expressions are powerful and offer great flexibility,  their syntax
  *      (and all the inevitable escaping) makes them *harder to maintain*.  It's easy to
  *      accidentally introduce a bug when one updates a complex expression (imho, all regexes should
- *      have good test coverage.).  For instance, the use of `.` in the regex is correct only in a
+ *      have good test coverage).  For instance, the use of `.` in the regex is correct only in a
  *      small number of cases.  A `.` character in the regex used when matching the scheme or a
  *      subdomain could be matched against a `:` or literal `.` that was likely not intended.   It
  *      is highly recommended to use the string patterns and only fall back to regular expressions
- *      if they as a last resort.
+ *      as a last resort.
  *    - The regular expression must be an instance of RegExp (i.e. not a string.)  It is
  *      matched against the **entire** *normalized / absolute URL* of the resource being tested
  *      (even when the RegExp did not have the `^` and `$` codes.)  In addition, any flags
@@ -16887,7 +18092,7 @@ function $SceDelegateProvider() {
  *      remember to escape your regular expression (and be aware that you might need more than
  *      one level of escaping depending on your templating engine and the way you interpolated
  *      the value.)  Do make use of your platform's escaping mechanism as it might be good
- *      enough before coding your own.  e.g. Ruby has
+ *      enough before coding your own.  E.g. Ruby has
  *      [Regexp.escape(str)](http://www.ruby-doc.org/core-2.0.0/Regexp.html#method-c-escape)
  *      and Python has [re.escape](http://docs.python.org/library/re.html#re.escape).
  *      Javascript lacks a similar built in function for escaping.  Take a look at Google
@@ -17396,6 +18601,10 @@ function $SceProvider() {
 function $SnifferProvider() {
   this.$get = ['$window', '$document', function($window, $document) {
     var eventSupport = {},
+        // Chrome Packaged Apps are not allowed to access `history.pushState`. They can be detected by
+        // the presence of `chrome.app.runtime` (see https://developer.chrome.com/apps/api_index)
+        isChromePackagedApp = $window.chrome && $window.chrome.app && $window.chrome.app.runtime,
+        hasHistoryPushState = !isChromePackagedApp && $window.history && $window.history.pushState,
         android =
           toInt((/android (\d+)/.exec(lowercase(($window.navigator || {}).userAgent)) || [])[1]),
         boxee = /Boxee/i.test(($window.navigator || {}).userAgent),
@@ -17440,7 +18649,7 @@ function $SnifferProvider() {
       // so let's not use the history API also
       // We are purposefully using `!(android < 4)` to cover the case when `android` is undefined
       // jshint -W018
-      history: !!($window.history && $window.history.pushState && !(android < 4) && !boxee),
+      history: !!(hasHistoryPushState && !(android < 4) && !boxee),
       // jshint +W018
       hasEvent: function(event) {
         // IE9 implements 'input' event it's so fubared that we rather pretend that it doesn't have
@@ -17466,29 +18675,66 @@ function $SnifferProvider() {
   }];
 }
 
-var $compileMinErr = minErr('$compile');
+var $templateRequestMinErr = minErr('$compile');
 
 /**
- * @ngdoc service
- * @name $templateRequest
- *
+ * @ngdoc provider
+ * @name $templateRequestProvider
  * @description
- * The `$templateRequest` service runs security checks then downloads the provided template using
- * `$http` and, upon success, stores the contents inside of `$templateCache`. If the HTTP request
- * fails or the response data of the HTTP request is empty, a `$compile` error will be thrown (the
- * exception can be thwarted by setting the 2nd parameter of the function to true). Note that the
- * contents of `$templateCache` are trusted, so the call to `$sce.getTrustedUrl(tpl)` is omitted
- * when `tpl` is of type string and `$templateCache` has the matching entry.
+ * Used to configure the options passed to the {@link $http} service when making a template request.
  *
- * @param {string|TrustedResourceUrl} tpl The HTTP request template URL
- * @param {boolean=} ignoreRequestError Whether or not to ignore the exception when the request fails or the template is empty
- *
- * @return {Promise} a promise for the HTTP response data of the given URL.
- *
- * @property {number} totalPendingRequests total amount of pending template requests being downloaded.
+ * For example, it can be used for specifying the "Accept" header that is sent to the server, when
+ * requesting a template.
  */
 function $TemplateRequestProvider() {
+
+  var httpOptions;
+
+  /**
+   * @ngdoc method
+   * @name $templateRequestProvider#httpOptions
+   * @description
+   * The options to be passed to the {@link $http} service when making the request.
+   * You can use this to override options such as the "Accept" header for template requests.
+   *
+   * The {@link $templateRequest} will set the `cache` and the `transformResponse` properties of the
+   * options if not overridden here.
+   *
+   * @param {string=} value new value for the {@link $http} options.
+   * @returns {string|self} Returns the {@link $http} options when used as getter and self if used as setter.
+   */
+  this.httpOptions = function(val) {
+    if (val) {
+      httpOptions = val;
+      return this;
+    }
+    return httpOptions;
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * @ngdoc service
+   * @name $templateRequest
+   *
+   * @description
+   * The `$templateRequest` service runs security checks then downloads the provided template using
+   * `$http` and, upon success, stores the contents inside of `$templateCache`. If the HTTP request
+   * fails or the response data of the HTTP request is empty, a `$compile` error will be thrown (the
+   * exception can be thwarted by setting the 2nd parameter of the function to true). Note that the
+   * contents of `$templateCache` are trusted, so the call to `$sce.getTrustedUrl(tpl)` is omitted
+   * when `tpl` is of type string and `$templateCache` has the matching entry.
+   *
+   * If you want to pass custom options to the `$http` service, such as setting the Accept header you
+   * can configure this via {@link $templateRequestProvider#httpOptions}.
+   *
+   * @param {string|TrustedResourceUrl} tpl The HTTP request template URL
+   * @param {boolean=} ignoreRequestError Whether or not to ignore the exception when the request fails or the template is empty
+   *
+   * @return {Promise} a promise for the HTTP response data of the given URL.
+   *
+   * @property {number} totalPendingRequests total amount of pending template requests being downloaded.
+   */
   this.$get = ['$templateCache', '$http', '$q', '$sce', function($templateCache, $http, $q, $sce) {
+
     function handleRequestFn(tpl, ignoreRequestError) {
       handleRequestFn.totalPendingRequests++;
 
@@ -17511,12 +18757,10 @@ function $TemplateRequestProvider() {
         transformResponse = null;
       }
 
-      var httpOptions = {
-        cache: $templateCache,
-        transformResponse: transformResponse
-      };
-
-      return $http.get(tpl, httpOptions)
+      return $http.get(tpl, extend({
+          cache: $templateCache,
+          transformResponse: transformResponse
+        }, httpOptions))
         ['finally'](function() {
           handleRequestFn.totalPendingRequests--;
         })
@@ -17527,7 +18771,7 @@ function $TemplateRequestProvider() {
 
       function handleError(resp) {
         if (!ignoreRequestError) {
-          throw $compileMinErr('tpload', 'Failed to load template: {0} (HTTP status: {1} {2})',
+          throw $templateRequestMinErr('tpload', 'Failed to load template: {0} (HTTP status: {1} {2})',
             tpl, resp.status, resp.statusText);
         }
         return $q.reject(resp);
@@ -17687,8 +18931,8 @@ function $TimeoutProvider() {
       * @param {boolean=} [invokeApply=true] If set to `false` skips model dirty checking, otherwise
       *   will invoke `fn` within the {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$apply $apply} block.
       * @param {...*=} Pass additional parameters to the executed function.
-      * @returns {Promise} Promise that will be resolved when the timeout is reached. The value this
-      *   promise will be resolved with is the return value of the `fn` function.
+      * @returns {Promise} Promise that will be resolved when the timeout is reached. The promise
+      *   will be resolved with the return value of the `fn` function.
       *
       */
     function timeout(fn, delay, invokeApply) {
@@ -17775,20 +19019,13 @@ var originUrl = urlResolve(window.location.href);
  *
  * Implementation Notes for IE
  * ---------------------------
- * IE >= 8 and <= 10 normalizes the URL when assigned to the anchor node similar to the other
+ * IE <= 10 normalizes the URL when assigned to the anchor node similar to the other
  * browsers.  However, the parsed components will not be set if the URL assigned did not specify
  * them.  (e.g. if you assign a.href = "foo", then a.protocol, a.host, etc. will be empty.)  We
  * work around that by performing the parsing in a 2nd step by taking a previously normalized
  * URL (e.g. by assigning to a.href) and assigning it a.href again.  This correctly populates the
  * properties such as protocol, hostname, port, etc.
  *
- * IE7 does not normalize the URL when assigned to an anchor node.  (Apparently, it does, if one
- * uses the inner HTML approach to assign the URL as part of an HTML snippet -
- * http://stackoverflow.com/a/472729)  However, setting img[src] does normalize the URL.
- * Unfortunately, setting img[src] to something like "javascript:foo" on IE throws an exception.
- * Since the primary usage for normalizing URLs is to sanitize such URLs, we can't use that
- * method and IE < 8 is unsupported.
- *
  * References:
  *   http://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLAnchorElement
  *   http://www.aptana.com/reference/html/api/HTMLAnchorElement.html
@@ -17937,7 +19174,7 @@ function $$CookieReader($document) {
           // the first value that is seen for a cookie is the most
           // specific one.  values for the same cookie name that
           // follow are for less specific paths.
-          if (lastCookies[name] === undefined) {
+          if (isUndefined(lastCookies[name])) {
             lastCookies[name] = safeDecodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(index + 1));
           }
         }
@@ -18068,6 +19305,7 @@ function $FilterProvider($provide) {
    *    your filters, then you can use capitalization (`myappSubsectionFilterx`) or underscores
    *    (`myapp_subsection_filterx`).
    *    </div>
+    * @param {Function} factory If the first argument was a string, a factory function for the filter to be registered.
    * @returns {Object} Registered filter instance, or if a map of filters was provided then a map
    *    of the registered filter instances.
    */
@@ -18370,6 +19608,10 @@ function getTypeForFilter(val) {
   return (val === null) ? 'null' : typeof val;
 }
 
+var MAX_DIGITS = 22;
+var DECIMAL_SEP = '.';
+var ZERO_CHAR = '0';
+
 /**
  * @ngdoc filter
  * @name currency
@@ -18415,9 +19657,9 @@ function getTypeForFilter(val) {
          }
          element(by.model('amount')).clear();
          element(by.model('amount')).sendKeys('-1234');
-         expect(element(by.id('currency-default')).getText()).toBe('($1,234.00)');
-         expect(element(by.id('currency-custom')).getText()).toBe('(USD$1,234.00)');
-         expect(element(by.id('currency-no-fractions')).getText()).toBe('(USD$1,234)');
+         expect(element(by.id('currency-default')).getText()).toBe('-$1,234.00');
+         expect(element(by.id('currency-custom')).getText()).toBe('-USD$1,234.00');
+         expect(element(by.id('currency-no-fractions')).getText()).toBe('-USD$1,234');
        });
      </file>
    </example>
@@ -18451,7 +19693,7 @@ function currencyFilter($locale) {
  * Formats a number as text.
  *
  * If the input is null or undefined, it will just be returned.
- * If the input is infinite (Infinity/-Infinity) the Infinity symbol '∞' is returned.
+ * If the input is infinite (Infinity or -Infinity), the Infinity symbol '∞' or '-∞' is returned, respectively.
  * If the input is not a number an empty string is returned.
  *
  *
@@ -18459,7 +19701,7 @@ function currencyFilter($locale) {
  * @param {(number|string)=} fractionSize Number of decimal places to round the number to.
  * If this is not provided then the fraction size is computed from the current locale's number
  * formatting pattern. In the case of the default locale, it will be 3.
- * @returns {string} Number rounded to decimalPlaces and places a “,” after each third digit.
+ * @returns {string} Number rounded to fractionSize and places a “,” after each third digit.
  *
  * @example
    <example module="numberFilterExample">
@@ -18494,8 +19736,6 @@ function currencyFilter($locale) {
      </file>
    </example>
  */
-
-
 numberFilter.$inject = ['$locale'];
 function numberFilter($locale) {
   var formats = $locale.NUMBER_FORMATS;
@@ -18509,102 +19749,227 @@ function numberFilter($locale) {
   };
 }
 
-var DECIMAL_SEP = '.';
-function formatNumber(number, pattern, groupSep, decimalSep, fractionSize) {
-  if (isObject(number)) return '';
+/**
+ * Parse a number (as a string) into three components that can be used
+ * for formatting the number.
+ *
+ * (Significant bits of this parse algorithm came from https://github.com/MikeMcl/big.js/)
+ *
+ * @param  {string} numStr The number to parse
+ * @return {object} An object describing this number, containing the following keys:
+ *  - d : an array of digits containing leading zeros as necessary
+ *  - i : the number of the digits in `d` that are to the left of the decimal point
+ *  - e : the exponent for numbers that would need more than `MAX_DIGITS` digits in `d`
+ *
+ */
+function parse(numStr) {
+  var exponent = 0, digits, numberOfIntegerDigits;
+  var i, j, zeros;
 
-  var isNegative = number < 0;
-  number = Math.abs(number);
+  // Decimal point?
+  if ((numberOfIntegerDigits = numStr.indexOf(DECIMAL_SEP)) > -1) {
+    numStr = numStr.replace(DECIMAL_SEP, '');
+  }
 
-  var isInfinity = number === Infinity;
-  if (!isInfinity && !isFinite(number)) return '';
+  // Exponential form?
+  if ((i = numStr.search(/e/i)) > 0) {
+    // Work out the exponent.
+    if (numberOfIntegerDigits < 0) numberOfIntegerDigits = i;
+    numberOfIntegerDigits += +numStr.slice(i + 1);
+    numStr = numStr.substring(0, i);
+  } else if (numberOfIntegerDigits < 0) {
+    // There was no decimal point or exponent so it is an integer.
+    numberOfIntegerDigits = numStr.length;
+  }
 
-  var numStr = number + '',
-      formatedText = '',
-      hasExponent = false,
-      parts = [];
+  // Count the number of leading zeros.
+  for (i = 0; numStr.charAt(i) == ZERO_CHAR; i++) {/* jshint noempty: false */}
 
-  if (isInfinity) formatedText = '\u221e';
+  if (i == (zeros = numStr.length)) {
+    // The digits are all zero.
+    digits = [0];
+    numberOfIntegerDigits = 1;
+  } else {
+    // Count the number of trailing zeros
+    zeros--;
+    while (numStr.charAt(zeros) == ZERO_CHAR) zeros--;
 
-  if (!isInfinity && numStr.indexOf('e') !== -1) {
-    var match = numStr.match(/([\d\.]+)e(-?)(\d+)/);
-    if (match && match[2] == '-' && match[3] > fractionSize + 1) {
-      number = 0;
-    } else {
-      formatedText = numStr;
-      hasExponent = true;
+    // Trailing zeros are insignificant so ignore them
+    numberOfIntegerDigits -= i;
+    digits = [];
+    // Convert string to array of digits without leading/trailing zeros.
+    for (j = 0; i <= zeros; i++, j++) {
+      digits[j] = +numStr.charAt(i);
     }
   }
 
-  if (!isInfinity && !hasExponent) {
-    var fractionLen = (numStr.split(DECIMAL_SEP)[1] || '').length;
+  // If the number overflows the maximum allowed digits then use an exponent.
+  if (numberOfIntegerDigits > MAX_DIGITS) {
+    digits = digits.splice(0, MAX_DIGITS - 1);
+    exponent = numberOfIntegerDigits - 1;
+    numberOfIntegerDigits = 1;
+  }
 
-    // determine fractionSize if it is not specified
-    if (isUndefined(fractionSize)) {
-      fractionSize = Math.min(Math.max(pattern.minFrac, fractionLen), pattern.maxFrac);
-    }
+  return { d: digits, e: exponent, i: numberOfIntegerDigits };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Round the parsed number to the specified number of decimal places
+ * This function changed the parsedNumber in-place
+ */
+function roundNumber(parsedNumber, fractionSize, minFrac, maxFrac) {
+    var digits = parsedNumber.d;
+    var fractionLen = digits.length - parsedNumber.i;
 
-    // safely round numbers in JS without hitting imprecisions of floating-point arithmetics
-    // inspired by:
-    // https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Math/round
-    number = +(Math.round(+(number.toString() + 'e' + fractionSize)).toString() + 'e' + -fractionSize);
+    // determine fractionSize if it is not specified; `+fractionSize` converts it to a number
+    fractionSize = (isUndefined(fractionSize)) ? Math.min(Math.max(minFrac, fractionLen), maxFrac) : +fractionSize;
 
-    var fraction = ('' + number).split(DECIMAL_SEP);
-    var whole = fraction[0];
-    fraction = fraction[1] || '';
+    // The index of the digit to where rounding is to occur
+    var roundAt = fractionSize + parsedNumber.i;
+    var digit = digits[roundAt];
 
-    var i, pos = 0,
-        lgroup = pattern.lgSize,
-        group = pattern.gSize;
+    if (roundAt > 0) {
+      // Drop fractional digits beyond `roundAt`
+      digits.splice(Math.max(parsedNumber.i, roundAt));
 
-    if (whole.length >= (lgroup + group)) {
-      pos = whole.length - lgroup;
-      for (i = 0; i < pos; i++) {
-        if ((pos - i) % group === 0 && i !== 0) {
-          formatedText += groupSep;
+      // Set non-fractional digits beyond `roundAt` to 0
+      for (var j = roundAt; j < digits.length; j++) {
+        digits[j] = 0;
+      }
+    } else {
+      // We rounded to zero so reset the parsedNumber
+      fractionLen = Math.max(0, fractionLen);
+      parsedNumber.i = 1;
+      digits.length = Math.max(1, roundAt = fractionSize + 1);
+      digits[0] = 0;
+      for (var i = 1; i < roundAt; i++) digits[i] = 0;
+    }
+
+    if (digit >= 5) {
+      if (roundAt - 1 < 0) {
+        for (var k = 0; k > roundAt; k--) {
+          digits.unshift(0);
+          parsedNumber.i++;
         }
-        formatedText += whole.charAt(i);
+        digits.unshift(1);
+        parsedNumber.i++;
+      } else {
+        digits[roundAt - 1]++;
       }
     }
 
-    for (i = pos; i < whole.length; i++) {
-      if ((whole.length - i) % lgroup === 0 && i !== 0) {
-        formatedText += groupSep;
-      }
-      formatedText += whole.charAt(i);
-    }
+    // Pad out with zeros to get the required fraction length
+    for (; fractionLen < Math.max(0, fractionSize); fractionLen++) digits.push(0);
 
-    // format fraction part.
-    while (fraction.length < fractionSize) {
-      fraction += '0';
-    }
 
-    if (fractionSize && fractionSize !== "0") formatedText += decimalSep + fraction.substr(0, fractionSize);
-  } else {
-    if (fractionSize > 0 && number < 1) {
-      formatedText = number.toFixed(fractionSize);
-      number = parseFloat(formatedText);
+    // Do any carrying, e.g. a digit was rounded up to 10
+    var carry = digits.reduceRight(function(carry, d, i, digits) {
+      d = d + carry;
+      digits[i] = d % 10;
+      return Math.floor(d / 10);
+    }, 0);
+    if (carry) {
+      digits.unshift(carry);
+      parsedNumber.i++;
     }
-  }
-
-  if (number === 0) {
-    isNegative = false;
-  }
-
-  parts.push(isNegative ? pattern.negPre : pattern.posPre,
-             formatedText,
-             isNegative ? pattern.negSuf : pattern.posSuf);
-  return parts.join('');
 }
 
-function padNumber(num, digits, trim) {
+/**
+ * Format a number into a string
+ * @param  {number} number       The number to format
+ * @param  {{
+ *           minFrac, // the minimum number of digits required in the fraction part of the number
+ *           maxFrac, // the maximum number of digits required in the fraction part of the number
+ *           gSize,   // number of digits in each group of separated digits
+ *           lgSize,  // number of digits in the last group of digits before the decimal separator
+ *           negPre,  // the string to go in front of a negative number (e.g. `-` or `(`))
+ *           posPre,  // the string to go in front of a positive number
+ *           negSuf,  // the string to go after a negative number (e.g. `)`)
+ *           posSuf   // the string to go after a positive number
+ *         }} pattern
+ * @param  {string} groupSep     The string to separate groups of number (e.g. `,`)
+ * @param  {string} decimalSep   The string to act as the decimal separator (e.g. `.`)
+ * @param  {[type]} fractionSize The size of the fractional part of the number
+ * @return {string}              The number formatted as a string
+ */
+function formatNumber(number, pattern, groupSep, decimalSep, fractionSize) {
+
+  if (!(isString(number) || isNumber(number)) || isNaN(number)) return '';
+
+  var isInfinity = !isFinite(number);
+  var isZero = false;
+  var numStr = Math.abs(number) + '',
+      formattedText = '',
+      parsedNumber;
+
+  if (isInfinity) {
+    formattedText = '\u221e';
+  } else {
+    parsedNumber = parse(numStr);
+
+    roundNumber(parsedNumber, fractionSize, pattern.minFrac, pattern.maxFrac);
+
+    var digits = parsedNumber.d;
+    var integerLen = parsedNumber.i;
+    var exponent = parsedNumber.e;
+    var decimals = [];
+    isZero = digits.reduce(function(isZero, d) { return isZero && !d; }, true);
+
+    // pad zeros for small numbers
+    while (integerLen < 0) {
+      digits.unshift(0);
+      integerLen++;
+    }
+
+    // extract decimals digits
+    if (integerLen > 0) {
+      decimals = digits.splice(integerLen);
+    } else {
+      decimals = digits;
+      digits = [0];
+    }
+
+    // format the integer digits with grouping separators
+    var groups = [];
+    if (digits.length >= pattern.lgSize) {
+      groups.unshift(digits.splice(-pattern.lgSize).join(''));
+    }
+    while (digits.length > pattern.gSize) {
+      groups.unshift(digits.splice(-pattern.gSize).join(''));
+    }
+    if (digits.length) {
+      groups.unshift(digits.join(''));
+    }
+    formattedText = groups.join(groupSep);
+
+    // append the decimal digits
+    if (decimals.length) {
+      formattedText += decimalSep + decimals.join('');
+    }
+
+    if (exponent) {
+      formattedText += 'e+' + exponent;
+    }
+  }
+  if (number < 0 && !isZero) {
+    return pattern.negPre + formattedText + pattern.negSuf;
+  } else {
+    return pattern.posPre + formattedText + pattern.posSuf;
+  }
+}
+
+function padNumber(num, digits, trim, negWrap) {
   var neg = '';
-  if (num < 0) {
-    neg =  '-';
-    num = -num;
+  if (num < 0 || (negWrap && num <= 0)) {
+    if (negWrap) {
+      num = -num + 1;
+    } else {
+      num = -num;
+      neg = '-';
+    }
   }
   num = '' + num;
-  while (num.length < digits) num = '0' + num;
+  while (num.length < digits) num = ZERO_CHAR + num;
   if (trim) {
     num = num.substr(num.length - digits);
   }
@@ -18612,7 +19977,7 @@ function padNumber(num, digits, trim) {
 }
 
 
-function dateGetter(name, size, offset, trim) {
+function dateGetter(name, size, offset, trim, negWrap) {
   offset = offset || 0;
   return function(date) {
     var value = date['get' + name]();
@@ -18620,14 +19985,15 @@ function dateGetter(name, size, offset, trim) {
       value += offset;
     }
     if (value === 0 && offset == -12) value = 12;
-    return padNumber(value, size, trim);
+    return padNumber(value, size, trim, negWrap);
   };
 }
 
-function dateStrGetter(name, shortForm) {
+function dateStrGetter(name, shortForm, standAlone) {
   return function(date, formats) {
     var value = date['get' + name]();
-    var get = uppercase(shortForm ? ('SHORT' + name) : name);
+    var propPrefix = (standAlone ? 'STANDALONE' : '') + (shortForm ? 'SHORT' : '');
+    var get = uppercase(propPrefix + name);
 
     return formats[get][value];
   };
@@ -18682,13 +20048,14 @@ function longEraGetter(date, formats) {
 }
 
 var DATE_FORMATS = {
-  yyyy: dateGetter('FullYear', 4),
-    yy: dateGetter('FullYear', 2, 0, true),
-     y: dateGetter('FullYear', 1),
+  yyyy: dateGetter('FullYear', 4, 0, false, true),
+    yy: dateGetter('FullYear', 2, 0, true, true),
+     y: dateGetter('FullYear', 1, 0, false, true),
   MMMM: dateStrGetter('Month'),
    MMM: dateStrGetter('Month', true),
     MM: dateGetter('Month', 2, 1),
      M: dateGetter('Month', 1, 1),
+  LLLL: dateStrGetter('Month', false, true),
     dd: dateGetter('Date', 2),
      d: dateGetter('Date', 1),
     HH: dateGetter('Hours', 2),
@@ -18714,7 +20081,7 @@ var DATE_FORMATS = {
      GGGG: longEraGetter
 };
 
-var DATE_FORMATS_SPLIT = /((?:[^yMdHhmsaZEwG']+)|(?:'(?:[^']|'')*')|(?:E+|y+|M+|d+|H+|h+|m+|s+|a|Z|G+|w+))(.*)/,
+var DATE_FORMATS_SPLIT = /((?:[^yMLdHhmsaZEwG']+)|(?:'(?:[^']|'')*')|(?:E+|y+|M+|L+|d+|H+|h+|m+|s+|a|Z|G+|w+))(.*)/,
     NUMBER_STRING = /^\-?\d+$/;
 
 /**
@@ -18734,6 +20101,7 @@ var DATE_FORMATS_SPLIT = /((?:[^yMdHhmsaZEwG']+)|(?:'(?:[^']|'')*')|(?:E+|y+|M+|
  *   * `'MMM'`: Month in year (Jan-Dec)
  *   * `'MM'`: Month in year, padded (01-12)
  *   * `'M'`: Month in year (1-12)
+ *   * `'LLLL'`: Stand-alone month in year (January-December)
  *   * `'dd'`: Day in month, padded (01-31)
  *   * `'d'`: Day in month (1-31)
  *   * `'EEEE'`: Day in Week,(Sunday-Saturday)
@@ -18873,13 +20241,13 @@ function dateFilter($locale) {
 
     var dateTimezoneOffset = date.getTimezoneOffset();
     if (timezone) {
-      dateTimezoneOffset = timezoneToOffset(timezone, date.getTimezoneOffset());
+      dateTimezoneOffset = timezoneToOffset(timezone, dateTimezoneOffset);
       date = convertTimezoneToLocal(date, timezone, true);
     }
     forEach(parts, function(value) {
       fn = DATE_FORMATS[value];
       text += fn ? fn(date, $locale.DATETIME_FORMATS, dateTimezoneOffset)
-                 : value.replace(/(^'|'$)/g, '').replace(/''/g, "'");
+                 : value === "''" ? "'" : value.replace(/(^'|'$)/g, '').replace(/''/g, "'");
     });
 
     return text;
@@ -19060,7 +20428,7 @@ function limitToFilter() {
     if (!isArray(input) && !isString(input)) return input;
 
     begin = (!begin || isNaN(begin)) ? 0 : toInt(begin);
-    begin = (begin < 0 && begin >= -input.length) ? input.length + begin : begin;
+    begin = (begin < 0) ? Math.max(0, input.length + begin) : begin;
 
     if (limit >= 0) {
       return input.slice(begin, begin + limit);
@@ -19083,8 +20451,9 @@ function limitToFilter() {
  * Orders a specified `array` by the `expression` predicate. It is ordered alphabetically
  * for strings and numerically for numbers. Note: if you notice numbers are not being sorted
  * as expected, make sure they are actually being saved as numbers and not strings.
+ * Array-like values (e.g. NodeLists, jQuery objects, TypedArrays, Strings, etc) are also supported.
  *
- * @param {Array} array The array to sort.
+ * @param {Array} array The array (or array-like object) to sort.
  * @param {function(*)|string|Array.<(function(*)|string)>=} expression A predicate to be
  *    used by the comparator to determine the order of elements.
  *
@@ -19115,17 +20484,6 @@ function limitToFilter() {
  * `reverse` is not set, which means it defaults to `false`.
    <example module="orderByExample">
      <file name="index.html">
-       <script>
-         angular.module('orderByExample', [])
-           .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
-             $scope.friends =
-                 [{name:'John', phone:'555-1212', age:10},
-                  {name:'Mary', phone:'555-9876', age:19},
-                  {name:'Mike', phone:'555-4321', age:21},
-                  {name:'Adam', phone:'555-5678', age:35},
-                  {name:'Julie', phone:'555-8765', age:29}];
-           }]);
-       </script>
        <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
          <table class="friend">
            <tr>
@@ -19141,6 +20499,17 @@ function limitToFilter() {
          </table>
        </div>
      </file>
+     <file name="script.js">
+       angular.module('orderByExample', [])
+         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+           $scope.friends =
+               [{name:'John', phone:'555-1212', age:10},
+                {name:'Mary', phone:'555-9876', age:19},
+                {name:'Mike', phone:'555-4321', age:21},
+                {name:'Adam', phone:'555-5678', age:35},
+                {name:'Julie', phone:'555-8765', age:29}];
+         }]);
+     </file>
    </example>
  *
  * The predicate and reverse parameters can be controlled dynamically through scope properties,
@@ -19148,49 +20517,24 @@ function limitToFilter() {
  * @example
    <example module="orderByExample">
      <file name="index.html">
-       <script>
-         angular.module('orderByExample', [])
-           .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
-             $scope.friends =
-                 [{name:'John', phone:'555-1212', age:10},
-                  {name:'Mary', phone:'555-9876', age:19},
-                  {name:'Mike', phone:'555-4321', age:21},
-                  {name:'Adam', phone:'555-5678', age:35},
-                  {name:'Julie', phone:'555-8765', age:29}];
-             $scope.predicate = 'age';
-             $scope.reverse = true;
-             $scope.order = function(predicate) {
-               $scope.reverse = ($scope.predicate === predicate) ? !$scope.reverse : false;
-               $scope.predicate = predicate;
-             };
-           }]);
-       </script>
-       <style type="text/css">
-         .sortorder:after {
-           content: '\25b2';
-         }
-         .sortorder.reverse:after {
-           content: '\25bc';
-         }
-       </style>
        <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
          <pre>Sorting predicate = {{predicate}}; reverse = {{reverse}}</pre>
          <hr/>
-         [ <a href="" ng-click="predicate=''">unsorted</a> ]
+         <button ng-click="predicate=''">Set to unsorted</button>
          <table class="friend">
            <tr>
-             <th>
-               <a href="" ng-click="order('name')">Name</a>
-               <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'name'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
-             </th>
-             <th>
-               <a href="" ng-click="order('phone')">Phone Number</a>
-               <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'phone'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
-             </th>
-             <th>
-               <a href="" ng-click="order('age')">Age</a>
-               <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'age'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
-             </th>
+            <th>
+                <button ng-click="order('name')">Name</button>
+                <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'name'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
+            </th>
+            <th>
+                <button ng-click="order('phone')">Phone Number</button>
+                <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'phone'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
+            </th>
+            <th>
+                <button ng-click="order('age')">Age</button>
+                <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'age'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
+            </th>
            </tr>
            <tr ng-repeat="friend in friends | orderBy:predicate:reverse">
              <td>{{friend.name}}</td>
@@ -19200,6 +20544,31 @@ function limitToFilter() {
          </table>
        </div>
      </file>
+     <file name="script.js">
+       angular.module('orderByExample', [])
+         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+           $scope.friends =
+               [{name:'John', phone:'555-1212', age:10},
+                {name:'Mary', phone:'555-9876', age:19},
+                {name:'Mike', phone:'555-4321', age:21},
+                {name:'Adam', phone:'555-5678', age:35},
+                {name:'Julie', phone:'555-8765', age:29}];
+           $scope.predicate = 'age';
+           $scope.reverse = true;
+           $scope.order = function(predicate) {
+             $scope.reverse = ($scope.predicate === predicate) ? !$scope.reverse : false;
+             $scope.predicate = predicate;
+           };
+         }]);
+      </file>
+     <file name="style.css">
+       .sortorder:after {
+         content: '\25b2';
+       }
+       .sortorder.reverse:after {
+         content: '\25bc';
+       }
+     </file>
    </example>
  *
  * It's also possible to call the orderBy filter manually, by injecting `$filter`, retrieving the
@@ -19211,21 +20580,30 @@ function limitToFilter() {
  * @example
   <example module="orderByExample">
     <file name="index.html">
-      <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
-        <table class="friend">
-          <tr>
-            <th><a href="" ng-click="reverse=false;order('name', false)">Name</a>
-              (<a href="" ng-click="order('-name',false)">^</a>)</th>
-            <th><a href="" ng-click="reverse=!reverse;order('phone', reverse)">Phone Number</a></th>
-            <th><a href="" ng-click="reverse=!reverse;order('age',reverse)">Age</a></th>
-          </tr>
-          <tr ng-repeat="friend in friends">
-            <td>{{friend.name}}</td>
-            <td>{{friend.phone}}</td>
-            <td>{{friend.age}}</td>
-          </tr>
-        </table>
-      </div>
+    <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+      <pre>Sorting predicate = {{predicate}}; reverse = {{reverse}}</pre>
+      <table class="friend">
+        <tr>
+          <th>
+              <button ng-click="order('name')">Name</button>
+              <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'name'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
+          </th>
+          <th>
+              <button ng-click="order('phone')">Phone Number</button>
+              <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'phone'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
+          </th>
+          <th>
+              <button ng-click="order('age')">Age</button>
+              <span class="sortorder" ng-show="predicate === 'age'" ng-class="{reverse:reverse}"></span>
+          </th>
+        </tr>
+        <tr ng-repeat="friend in friends">
+          <td>{{friend.name}}</td>
+          <td>{{friend.phone}}</td>
+          <td>{{friend.age}}</td>
+        </tr>
+      </table>
+    </div>
     </file>
 
     <file name="script.js">
@@ -19239,24 +20617,42 @@ function limitToFilter() {
             { name: 'Adam',    phone: '555-5678',    age: 35 },
             { name: 'Julie',   phone: '555-8765',    age: 29 }
           ];
-          $scope.order = function(predicate, reverse) {
-            $scope.friends = orderBy($scope.friends, predicate, reverse);
+          $scope.order = function(predicate) {
+            $scope.predicate = predicate;
+            $scope.reverse = ($scope.predicate === predicate) ? !$scope.reverse : false;
+            $scope.friends = orderBy($scope.friends, predicate, $scope.reverse);
           };
-          $scope.order('-age',false);
+          $scope.order('age', true);
         }]);
     </file>
+
+    <file name="style.css">
+       .sortorder:after {
+         content: '\25b2';
+       }
+       .sortorder.reverse:after {
+         content: '\25bc';
+       }
+    </file>
 </example>
  */
 orderByFilter.$inject = ['$parse'];
 function orderByFilter($parse) {
   return function(array, sortPredicate, reverseOrder) {
 
-    if (!(isArrayLike(array))) return array;
+    if (array == null) return array;
+    if (!isArrayLike(array)) {
+      throw minErr('orderBy')('notarray', 'Expected array but received: {0}', array);
+    }
 
     if (!isArray(sortPredicate)) { sortPredicate = [sortPredicate]; }
     if (sortPredicate.length === 0) { sortPredicate = ['+']; }
 
     var predicates = processPredicates(sortPredicate, reverseOrder);
+    // Add a predicate at the end that evaluates to the element index. This makes the
+    // sort stable as it works as a tie-breaker when all the input predicates cannot
+    // distinguish between two elements.
+    predicates.push({ get: function() { return {}; }, descending: reverseOrder ? -1 : 1});
 
     // The next three lines are a version of a Swartzian Transform idiom from Perl
     // (sometimes called the Decorate-Sort-Undecorate idiom)
@@ -19570,20 +20966,7 @@ var htmlAnchorDirective = valueFn({
  * {@link guide/expression expression} inside `ngDisabled` evaluates to truthy.
  *
  * A special directive is necessary because we cannot use interpolation inside the `disabled`
- * attribute.  The following example would make the button enabled on Chrome/Firefox
- * but not on older IEs:
- *
- * ```html
- * <!-- See below for an example of ng-disabled being used correctly -->
- * <div ng-init="isDisabled = false">
- *  <button disabled="{{isDisabled}}">Disabled</button>
- * </div>
- * ```
- *
- * This is because the HTML specification does not require browsers to preserve the values of
- * boolean attributes such as `disabled` (Their presence means true and their absence means false.)
- * If we put an Angular interpolation expression into such an attribute then the
- * binding information would be lost when the browser removes the attribute.
+ * attribute. See the {@link guide/interpolation interpolation guide} for more info.
  *
  * @example
     <example>
@@ -19618,15 +21001,9 @@ var htmlAnchorDirective = valueFn({
  * Note that this directive should not be used together with {@link ngModel `ngModel`},
  * as this can lead to unexpected behavior.
  *
- * ### Why do we need `ngChecked`?
+ * A special directive is necessary because we cannot use interpolation inside the `checked`
+ * attribute. See the {@link guide/interpolation interpolation guide} for more info.
  *
- * The HTML specification does not require browsers to preserve the values of boolean attributes
- * such as checked. (Their presence means true and their absence means false.)
- * If we put an Angular interpolation expression into such an attribute then the
- * binding information would be lost when the browser removes the attribute.
- * The `ngChecked` directive solves this problem for the `checked` attribute.
- * This complementary directive is not removed by the browser and so provides
- * a permanent reliable place to store the binding information.
  * @example
     <example>
       <file name="index.html">
@@ -19655,13 +21032,12 @@ var htmlAnchorDirective = valueFn({
  * @priority 100
  *
  * @description
- * The HTML specification does not require browsers to preserve the values of boolean attributes
- * such as readonly. (Their presence means true and their absence means false.)
- * If we put an Angular interpolation expression into such an attribute then the
- * binding information would be lost when the browser removes the attribute.
- * The `ngReadonly` directive solves this problem for the `readonly` attribute.
- * This complementary directive is not removed by the browser and so provides
- * a permanent reliable place to store the binding information.
+ *
+ * Sets the `readOnly` attribute on the element, if the expression inside `ngReadonly` is truthy.
+ *
+ * A special directive is necessary because we cannot use interpolation inside the `readOnly`
+ * attribute. See the {@link guide/interpolation interpolation guide} for more info.
+ *
  * @example
     <example>
       <file name="index.html">
@@ -19690,13 +21066,11 @@ var htmlAnchorDirective = valueFn({
  * @priority 100
  *
  * @description
- * The HTML specification does not require browsers to preserve the values of boolean attributes
- * such as selected. (Their presence means true and their absence means false.)
- * If we put an Angular interpolation expression into such an attribute then the
- * binding information would be lost when the browser removes the attribute.
- * The `ngSelected` directive solves this problem for the `selected` attribute.
- * This complementary directive is not removed by the browser and so provides
- * a permanent reliable place to store the binding information.
+ *
+ * Sets the `selected` attribute on the element, if the expression inside `ngSelected` is truthy.
+ *
+ * A special directive is necessary because we cannot use interpolation inside the `selected`
+ * attribute. See the {@link guide/interpolation interpolation guide} for more info.
  *
  * @example
     <example>
@@ -19728,13 +21102,12 @@ var htmlAnchorDirective = valueFn({
  * @priority 100
  *
  * @description
- * The HTML specification does not require browsers to preserve the values of boolean attributes
- * such as open. (Their presence means true and their absence means false.)
- * If we put an Angular interpolation expression into such an attribute then the
- * binding information would be lost when the browser removes the attribute.
- * The `ngOpen` directive solves this problem for the `open` attribute.
- * This complementary directive is not removed by the browser and so provides
- * a permanent reliable place to store the binding information.
+ *
+ * Sets the `open` attribute on the element, if the expression inside `ngOpen` is truthy.
+ *
+ * A special directive is necessary because we cannot use interpolation inside the `open`
+ * attribute. See the {@link guide/interpolation interpolation guide} for more info.
+ *
  * @example
      <example>
        <file name="index.html">
@@ -19878,6 +21251,7 @@ function nullFormRenameControl(control, name) {
  * @property {boolean} $dirty True if user has already interacted with the form.
  * @property {boolean} $valid True if all of the containing forms and controls are valid.
  * @property {boolean} $invalid True if at least one containing control or form is invalid.
+ * @property {boolean} $pending True if at least one containing control or form is pending.
  * @property {boolean} $submitted True if user has submitted the form even if its invalid.
  *
  * @property {Object} $error Is an object hash, containing references to controls or
@@ -19917,8 +21291,6 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
   var form = this,
       controls = [];
 
-  var parentForm = form.$$parentForm = element.parent().controller('form') || nullFormCtrl;
-
   // init state
   form.$error = {};
   form.$$success = {};
@@ -19929,8 +21301,7 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
   form.$valid = true;
   form.$invalid = false;
   form.$submitted = false;
-
-  parentForm.$addControl(form);
+  form.$$parentForm = nullFormCtrl;
 
   /**
    * @ngdoc method
@@ -19969,11 +21340,23 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
   /**
    * @ngdoc method
    * @name form.FormController#$addControl
+   * @param {object} control control object, either a {@link form.FormController} or an
+   * {@link ngModel.NgModelController}
    *
    * @description
-   * Register a control with the form.
+   * Register a control with the form. Input elements using ngModelController do this automatically
+   * when they are linked.
+   *
+   * Note that the current state of the control will not be reflected on the new parent form. This
+   * is not an issue with normal use, as freshly compiled and linked controls are in a `$pristine`
+   * state.
    *
-   * Input elements using ngModelController do this automatically when they are linked.
+   * However, if the method is used programmatically, for example by adding dynamically created controls,
+   * or controls that have been previously removed without destroying their corresponding DOM element,
+   * it's the developers responsibility to make sure the current state propagates to the parent form.
+   *
+   * For example, if an input control is added that is already `$dirty` and has `$error` properties,
+   * calling `$setDirty()` and `$validate()` afterwards will propagate the state to the parent form.
    */
   form.$addControl = function(control) {
     // Breaking change - before, inputs whose name was "hasOwnProperty" were quietly ignored
@@ -19984,6 +21367,8 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
     if (control.$name) {
       form[control.$name] = control;
     }
+
+    control.$$parentForm = form;
   };
 
   // Private API: rename a form control
@@ -20000,11 +21385,18 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
   /**
    * @ngdoc method
    * @name form.FormController#$removeControl
+   * @param {object} control control object, either a {@link form.FormController} or an
+   * {@link ngModel.NgModelController}
    *
    * @description
    * Deregister a control from the form.
    *
    * Input elements using ngModelController do this automatically when they are destroyed.
+   *
+   * Note that only the removed control's validation state (`$errors`etc.) will be removed from the
+   * form. `$dirty`, `$submitted` states will not be changed, because the expected behavior can be
+   * different from case to case. For example, removing the only `$dirty` control from a form may or
+   * may not mean that the form is still `$dirty`.
    */
   form.$removeControl = function(control) {
     if (control.$name && form[control.$name] === control) {
@@ -20021,6 +21413,7 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
     });
 
     arrayRemove(controls, control);
+    control.$$parentForm = nullFormCtrl;
   };
 
 
@@ -20057,7 +21450,6 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
         delete object[property];
       }
     },
-    parentForm: parentForm,
     $animate: $animate
   });
 
@@ -20076,7 +21468,7 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
     $animate.addClass(element, DIRTY_CLASS);
     form.$dirty = true;
     form.$pristine = false;
-    parentForm.$setDirty();
+    form.$$parentForm.$setDirty();
   };
 
   /**
@@ -20132,7 +21524,7 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
   form.$setSubmitted = function() {
     $animate.addClass(element, SUBMITTED_CLASS);
     form.$submitted = true;
-    parentForm.$setSubmitted();
+    form.$$parentForm.$setSubmitted();
   };
 }
 
@@ -20171,17 +21563,14 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
  *
  * In Angular, forms can be nested. This means that the outer form is valid when all of the child
  * forms are valid as well. However, browsers do not allow nesting of `<form>` elements, so
- * Angular provides the {@link ng.directive:ngForm `ngForm`} directive which behaves identically to
- * `<form>` but can be nested.  This allows you to have nested forms, which is very useful when
- * using Angular validation directives in forms that are dynamically generated using the
- * {@link ng.directive:ngRepeat `ngRepeat`} directive. Since you cannot dynamically generate the `name`
- * attribute of input elements using interpolation, you have to wrap each set of repeated inputs in an
- * `ngForm` directive and nest these in an outer `form` element.
- *
+ * Angular provides the {@link ng.directive:ngForm `ngForm`} directive, which behaves identically to
+ * `form` but can be nested. Nested forms can be useful, for example, if the validity of a sub-group
+ * of controls needs to be determined.
  *
  * # CSS classes
  *  - `ng-valid` is set if the form is valid.
  *  - `ng-invalid` is set if the form is invalid.
+ *  - `ng-pending` is set if the form is pending.
  *  - `ng-pristine` is set if the form is pristine.
  *  - `ng-dirty` is set if the form is dirty.
  *  - `ng-submitted` is set if the form was submitted.
@@ -20257,7 +21646,6 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
        </script>
        <style>
         .my-form {
-          -webkit-transition:all linear 0.5s;
           transition:all linear 0.5s;
           background: transparent;
         }
@@ -20302,10 +21690,11 @@ function FormController(element, attrs, $scope, $animate, $interpolate) {
  *                       related scope, under this name.
  */
 var formDirectiveFactory = function(isNgForm) {
-  return ['$timeout', function($timeout) {
+  return ['$timeout', '$parse', function($timeout, $parse) {
     var formDirective = {
       name: 'form',
       restrict: isNgForm ? 'EAC' : 'E',
+      require: ['form', '^^?form'], //first is the form's own ctrl, second is an optional parent form
       controller: FormController,
       compile: function ngFormCompile(formElement, attr) {
         // Setup initial state of the control
@@ -20314,7 +21703,9 @@ var formDirectiveFactory = function(isNgForm) {
         var nameAttr = attr.name ? 'name' : (isNgForm && attr.ngForm ? 'ngForm' : false);
 
         return {
-          pre: function ngFormPreLink(scope, formElement, attr, controller) {
+          pre: function ngFormPreLink(scope, formElement, attr, ctrls) {
+            var controller = ctrls[0];
+
             // if `action` attr is not present on the form, prevent the default action (submission)
             if (!('action' in attr)) {
               // we can't use jq events because if a form is destroyed during submission the default
@@ -20343,22 +21734,24 @@ var formDirectiveFactory = function(isNgForm) {
               });
             }
 
-            var parentFormCtrl = controller.$$parentForm;
+            var parentFormCtrl = ctrls[1] || controller.$$parentForm;
+            parentFormCtrl.$addControl(controller);
+
+            var setter = nameAttr ? getSetter(controller.$name) : noop;
 
             if (nameAttr) {
-              setter(scope, controller.$name, controller, controller.$name);
+              setter(scope, controller);
               attr.$observe(nameAttr, function(newValue) {
                 if (controller.$name === newValue) return;
-                setter(scope, controller.$name, undefined, controller.$name);
-                parentFormCtrl.$$renameControl(controller, newValue);
-                setter(scope, controller.$name, controller, controller.$name);
+                setter(scope, undefined);
+                controller.$$parentForm.$$renameControl(controller, newValue);
+                setter = getSetter(controller.$name);
+                setter(scope, controller);
               });
             }
             formElement.on('$destroy', function() {
-              parentFormCtrl.$removeControl(controller);
-              if (nameAttr) {
-                setter(scope, attr[nameAttr], undefined, controller.$name);
-              }
+              controller.$$parentForm.$removeControl(controller);
+              setter(scope, undefined);
               extend(controller, nullFormCtrl); //stop propagating child destruction handlers upwards
             });
           }
@@ -20367,6 +21760,14 @@ var formDirectiveFactory = function(isNgForm) {
     };
 
     return formDirective;
+
+    function getSetter(expression) {
+      if (expression === '') {
+        //create an assignable expression, so forms with an empty name can be renamed later
+        return $parse('this[""]').assign;
+      }
+      return $parse(expression).assign || noop;
+    }
   }];
 };
 
@@ -20379,20 +21780,38 @@ var ngFormDirective = formDirectiveFactory(true);
   DIRTY_CLASS: false,
   UNTOUCHED_CLASS: false,
   TOUCHED_CLASS: false,
-  $ngModelMinErr: false,
+  ngModelMinErr: false,
 */
 
-// Regex code is obtained from SO: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3143070/javascript-regex-iso-datetime#answer-3143231
-var ISO_DATE_REGEXP = /\d{4}-[01]\d-[0-3]\dT[0-2]\d:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d\.\d+([+-][0-2]\d:[0-5]\d|Z)/;
-var URL_REGEXP = /^(ftp|http|https):\/\/(\w+:{0,1}\w*@)?(\S+)(:[0-9]+)?(\/|\/([\w#!:.?+=&%@!\-\/]))?$/;
+// Regex code was initially obtained from SO prior to modification: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3143070/javascript-regex-iso-datetime#answer-3143231
+var ISO_DATE_REGEXP = /^\d{4,}-[01]\d-[0-3]\dT[0-2]\d:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d\.\d+(?:[+-][0-2]\d:[0-5]\d|Z)$/;
+// See valid URLs in RFC3987 (http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3987)
+// Note: We are being more lenient, because browsers are too.
+//   1. Scheme
+//   2. Slashes
+//   3. Username
+//   4. Password
+//   5. Hostname
+//   6. Port
+//   7. Path
+//   8. Query
+//   9. Fragment
+//                 1111111111111111 222   333333    44444        555555555555555555555555    666     77777777     8888888     999
+var URL_REGEXP = /^[a-z][a-z\d.+-]*:\/*(?:[^:@]+(?::[^@]+)?@)?(?:[^\s:/?#]+|\[[a-f\d:]+\])(?::\d+)?(?:\/[^?#]*)?(?:\?[^#]*)?(?:#.*)?$/i;
 var EMAIL_REGEXP = /^[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~.-]+@[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?(\.[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?)*$/i;
 var NUMBER_REGEXP = /^\s*(\-|\+)?(\d+|(\d*(\.\d*)))([eE][+-]?\d+)?\s*$/;
-var DATE_REGEXP = /^(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})$/;
-var DATETIMELOCAL_REGEXP = /^(\d{4})-(\d\d)-(\d\d)T(\d\d):(\d\d)(?::(\d\d)(\.\d{1,3})?)?$/;
-var WEEK_REGEXP = /^(\d{4})-W(\d\d)$/;
-var MONTH_REGEXP = /^(\d{4})-(\d\d)$/;
+var DATE_REGEXP = /^(\d{4,})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})$/;
+var DATETIMELOCAL_REGEXP = /^(\d{4,})-(\d\d)-(\d\d)T(\d\d):(\d\d)(?::(\d\d)(\.\d{1,3})?)?$/;
+var WEEK_REGEXP = /^(\d{4,})-W(\d\d)$/;
+var MONTH_REGEXP = /^(\d{4,})-(\d\d)$/;
 var TIME_REGEXP = /^(\d\d):(\d\d)(?::(\d\d)(\.\d{1,3})?)?$/;
 
+var PARTIAL_VALIDATION_EVENTS = 'keydown wheel mousedown';
+var PARTIAL_VALIDATION_TYPES = createMap();
+forEach('date,datetime-local,month,time,week'.split(','), function(type) {
+  PARTIAL_VALIDATION_TYPES[type] = true;
+});
+
 var inputType = {
 
   /**
@@ -20417,8 +21836,8 @@ var inputType = {
    * @param {string=} pattern Similar to `ngPattern` except that the attribute value is the actual string
    *    that contains the regular expression body that will be converted to a regular expression
    *    as in the ngPattern directive.
-   * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel value does not match
-   *    a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
+   * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue $viewValue}
+   *    does not match a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
    *    If the expression evaluates to a RegExp object, then this is used directly.
    *    If the expression evaluates to a string, then it will be converted to a RegExp
    *    after wrapping it in `^` and `$` characters. For instance, `"abc"` will be converted to
@@ -20511,9 +21930,17 @@ var inputType = {
      * @param {string} ngModel Assignable angular expression to data-bind to.
      * @param {string=} name Property name of the form under which the control is published.
      * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`. This must be a
-     * valid ISO date string (yyyy-MM-dd).
+     *   valid ISO date string (yyyy-MM-dd). You can also use interpolation inside this attribute
+     *   (e.g. `min="{{minDate | date:'yyyy-MM-dd'}}"`). Note that `min` will also add native HTML5
+     *   constraint validation.
      * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`. This must be
-     * a valid ISO date string (yyyy-MM-dd).
+     *   a valid ISO date string (yyyy-MM-dd). You can also use interpolation inside this attribute
+     *   (e.g. `max="{{maxDate | date:'yyyy-MM-dd'}}"`). Note that `max` will also add native HTML5
+     *   constraint validation.
+     * @param {(date|string)=} ngMin Sets the `min` validation constraint to the Date / ISO date string
+     *   the `ngMin` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `min` attribute.
+     * @param {(date|string)=} ngMax Sets the `max` validation constraint to the Date / ISO date string
+     *   the `ngMax` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `max` attribute.
      * @param {string=} required Sets `required` validation error key if the value is not entered.
      * @param {string=} ngRequired Adds `required` attribute and `required` validation constraint to
      *    the element when the ngRequired expression evaluates to true. Use `ngRequired` instead of
@@ -20605,10 +22032,18 @@ var inputType = {
     *
     * @param {string} ngModel Assignable angular expression to data-bind to.
     * @param {string=} name Property name of the form under which the control is published.
-    * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`. This must be a
-    * valid ISO datetime format (yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss).
-    * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`. This must be
-    * a valid ISO datetime format (yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss).
+    * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`.
+    *   This must be a valid ISO datetime format (yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss). You can also use interpolation
+    *   inside this attribute (e.g. `min="{{minDatetimeLocal | date:'yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss'}}"`).
+    *   Note that `min` will also add native HTML5 constraint validation.
+    * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`.
+    *   This must be a valid ISO datetime format (yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss). You can also use interpolation
+    *   inside this attribute (e.g. `max="{{maxDatetimeLocal | date:'yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss'}}"`).
+    *   Note that `max` will also add native HTML5 constraint validation.
+    * @param {(date|string)=} ngMin Sets the `min` validation error key to the Date / ISO datetime string
+    *   the `ngMin` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `min` attribute.
+    * @param {(date|string)=} ngMax Sets the `max` validation error key to the Date / ISO datetime string
+    *   the `ngMax` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `max` attribute.
     * @param {string=} required Sets `required` validation error key if the value is not entered.
     * @param {string=} ngRequired Adds `required` attribute and `required` validation constraint to
     *    the element when the ngRequired expression evaluates to true. Use `ngRequired` instead of
@@ -20689,7 +22124,7 @@ var inputType = {
    *
    * @description
    * Input with time validation and transformation. In browsers that do not yet support
-   * the HTML5 date input, a text element will be used. In that case, the text must be entered in a valid ISO-8601
+   * the HTML5 time input, a text element will be used. In that case, the text must be entered in a valid ISO-8601
    * local time format (HH:mm:ss), for example: `14:57:00`. Model must be a Date object. This binding will always output a
    * Date object to the model of January 1, 1970, or local date `new Date(1970, 0, 1, HH, mm, ss)`.
    *
@@ -20701,10 +22136,18 @@ var inputType = {
    *
    * @param {string} ngModel Assignable angular expression to data-bind to.
    * @param {string=} name Property name of the form under which the control is published.
-   * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`. This must be a
-   * valid ISO time format (HH:mm:ss).
-   * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`. This must be a
-   * valid ISO time format (HH:mm:ss).
+   * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`.
+   *   This must be a valid ISO time format (HH:mm:ss). You can also use interpolation inside this
+   *   attribute (e.g. `min="{{minTime | date:'HH:mm:ss'}}"`). Note that `min` will also add
+   *   native HTML5 constraint validation.
+   * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`.
+   *   This must be a valid ISO time format (HH:mm:ss). You can also use interpolation inside this
+   *   attribute (e.g. `max="{{maxTime | date:'HH:mm:ss'}}"`). Note that `max` will also add
+   *   native HTML5 constraint validation.
+   * @param {(date|string)=} ngMin Sets the `min` validation constraint to the Date / ISO time string the
+   *   `ngMin` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `min` attribute.
+   * @param {(date|string)=} ngMax Sets the `max` validation constraint to the Date / ISO time string the
+   *   `ngMax` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `max` attribute.
    * @param {string=} required Sets `required` validation error key if the value is not entered.
    * @param {string=} ngRequired Adds `required` attribute and `required` validation constraint to
    *    the element when the ngRequired expression evaluates to true. Use `ngRequired` instead of
@@ -20724,7 +22167,7 @@ var inputType = {
         }]);
      </script>
      <form name="myForm" ng-controller="DateController as dateCtrl">
-        <label for="exampleInput">Pick a between 8am and 5pm:</label>
+        <label for="exampleInput">Pick a time between 8am and 5pm:</label>
         <input type="time" id="exampleInput" name="input" ng-model="example.value"
             placeholder="HH:mm:ss" min="08:00:00" max="17:00:00" required />
         <div role="alert">
@@ -20796,10 +22239,18 @@ var inputType = {
     *
     * @param {string} ngModel Assignable angular expression to data-bind to.
     * @param {string=} name Property name of the form under which the control is published.
-    * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`. This must be a
-    * valid ISO week format (yyyy-W##).
-    * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`. This must be
-    * a valid ISO week format (yyyy-W##).
+    * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`.
+    *   This must be a valid ISO week format (yyyy-W##). You can also use interpolation inside this
+    *   attribute (e.g. `min="{{minWeek | date:'yyyy-Www'}}"`). Note that `min` will also add
+    *   native HTML5 constraint validation.
+    * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`.
+    *   This must be a valid ISO week format (yyyy-W##). You can also use interpolation inside this
+    *   attribute (e.g. `max="{{maxWeek | date:'yyyy-Www'}}"`). Note that `max` will also add
+    *   native HTML5 constraint validation.
+    * @param {(date|string)=} ngMin Sets the `min` validation constraint to the Date / ISO week string
+    *   the `ngMin` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `min` attribute.
+    * @param {(date|string)=} ngMax Sets the `max` validation constraint to the Date / ISO week string
+    *   the `ngMax` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `max` attribute.
     * @param {string=} required Sets `required` validation error key if the value is not entered.
     * @param {string=} ngRequired Adds `required` attribute and `required` validation constraint to
     *    the element when the ngRequired expression evaluates to true. Use `ngRequired` instead of
@@ -20893,10 +22344,19 @@ var inputType = {
    *
    * @param {string} ngModel Assignable angular expression to data-bind to.
    * @param {string=} name Property name of the form under which the control is published.
-   * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`. This must be
-   * a valid ISO month format (yyyy-MM).
-   * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`. This must
-   * be a valid ISO month format (yyyy-MM).
+   * @param {string=} min Sets the `min` validation error key if the value entered is less than `min`.
+   *   This must be a valid ISO month format (yyyy-MM). You can also use interpolation inside this
+   *   attribute (e.g. `min="{{minMonth | date:'yyyy-MM'}}"`). Note that `min` will also add
+   *   native HTML5 constraint validation.
+   * @param {string=} max Sets the `max` validation error key if the value entered is greater than `max`.
+   *   This must be a valid ISO month format (yyyy-MM). You can also use interpolation inside this
+   *   attribute (e.g. `max="{{maxMonth | date:'yyyy-MM'}}"`). Note that `max` will also add
+   *   native HTML5 constraint validation.
+   * @param {(date|string)=} ngMin Sets the `min` validation constraint to the Date / ISO week string
+   *   the `ngMin` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `min` attribute.
+   * @param {(date|string)=} ngMax Sets the `max` validation constraint to the Date / ISO week string
+   *   the `ngMax` expression evaluates to. Note that it does not set the `max` attribute.
+
    * @param {string=} required Sets `required` validation error key if the value is not entered.
    * @param {string=} ngRequired Adds `required` attribute and `required` validation constraint to
    *    the element when the ngRequired expression evaluates to true. Use `ngRequired` instead of
@@ -21011,8 +22471,8 @@ var inputType = {
    * @param {string=} pattern Similar to `ngPattern` except that the attribute value is the actual string
    *    that contains the regular expression body that will be converted to a regular expression
    *    as in the ngPattern directive.
-   * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel value does not match
-   *    a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
+   * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue $viewValue}
+   *    does not match a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
    *    If the expression evaluates to a RegExp object, then this is used directly.
    *    If the expression evaluates to a string, then it will be converted to a RegExp
    *    after wrapping it in `^` and `$` characters. For instance, `"abc"` will be converted to
@@ -21109,8 +22569,8 @@ var inputType = {
    * @param {string=} pattern Similar to `ngPattern` except that the attribute value is the actual string
    *    that contains the regular expression body that will be converted to a regular expression
    *    as in the ngPattern directive.
-   * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel value does not match
-   *    a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
+   * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue $viewValue}
+   *    does not match a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
    *    If the expression evaluates to a RegExp object, then this is used directly.
    *    If the expression evaluates to a string, then it will be converted to a RegExp
    *    after wrapping it in `^` and `$` characters. For instance, `"abc"` will be converted to
@@ -21208,8 +22668,8 @@ var inputType = {
    * @param {string=} pattern Similar to `ngPattern` except that the attribute value is the actual string
    *    that contains the regular expression body that will be converted to a regular expression
    *    as in the ngPattern directive.
-   * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel value does not match
-   *    a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
+   * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue $viewValue}
+   *    does not match a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
    *    If the expression evaluates to a RegExp object, then this is used directly.
    *    If the expression evaluates to a string, then it will be converted to a RegExp
    *    after wrapping it in `^` and `$` characters. For instance, `"abc"` will be converted to
@@ -21428,7 +22888,7 @@ function baseInputType(scope, element, attr, ctrl, $sniffer, $browser) {
   if (!$sniffer.android) {
     var composing = false;
 
-    element.on('compositionstart', function(data) {
+    element.on('compositionstart', function() {
       composing = true;
     });
 
@@ -21438,6 +22898,8 @@ function baseInputType(scope, element, attr, ctrl, $sniffer, $browser) {
     });
   }
 
+  var timeout;
+
   var listener = function(ev) {
     if (timeout) {
       $browser.defer.cancel(timeout);
@@ -21467,8 +22929,6 @@ function baseInputType(scope, element, attr, ctrl, $sniffer, $browser) {
   if ($sniffer.hasEvent('input')) {
     element.on('input', listener);
   } else {
-    var timeout;
-
     var deferListener = function(ev, input, origValue) {
       if (!timeout) {
         timeout = $browser.defer(function() {
@@ -21500,8 +22960,32 @@ function baseInputType(scope, element, attr, ctrl, $sniffer, $browser) {
   // or form autocomplete on newer browser, we need "change" event to catch it
   element.on('change', listener);
 
+  // Some native input types (date-family) have the ability to change validity without
+  // firing any input/change events.
+  // For these event types, when native validators are present and the browser supports the type,
+  // check for validity changes on various DOM events.
+  if (PARTIAL_VALIDATION_TYPES[type] && ctrl.$$hasNativeValidators && type === attr.type) {
+    element.on(PARTIAL_VALIDATION_EVENTS, function(ev) {
+      if (!timeout) {
+        var validity = this[VALIDITY_STATE_PROPERTY];
+        var origBadInput = validity.badInput;
+        var origTypeMismatch = validity.typeMismatch;
+        timeout = $browser.defer(function() {
+          timeout = null;
+          if (validity.badInput !== origBadInput || validity.typeMismatch !== origTypeMismatch) {
+            listener(ev);
+          }
+        });
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
   ctrl.$render = function() {
-    element.val(ctrl.$isEmpty(ctrl.$viewValue) ? '' : ctrl.$viewValue);
+    // Workaround for Firefox validation #12102.
+    var value = ctrl.$isEmpty(ctrl.$viewValue) ? '' : ctrl.$viewValue;
+    if (element.val() !== value) {
+      element.val(value);
+    }
   };
 }
 
@@ -21612,7 +23096,7 @@ function createDateInputType(type, regexp, parseDate, format) {
 
     ctrl.$formatters.push(function(value) {
       if (value && !isDate(value)) {
-        throw $ngModelMinErr('datefmt', 'Expected `{0}` to be a date', value);
+        throw ngModelMinErr('datefmt', 'Expected `{0}` to be a date', value);
       }
       if (isValidDate(value)) {
         previousDate = value;
@@ -21654,7 +23138,7 @@ function createDateInputType(type, regexp, parseDate, format) {
     }
 
     function parseObservedDateValue(val) {
-      return isDefined(val) ? (isDate(val) ? val : parseDate(val)) : undefined;
+      return isDefined(val) && !isDate(val) ? parseDate(val) || undefined : val;
     }
   };
 }
@@ -21665,11 +23149,7 @@ function badInputChecker(scope, element, attr, ctrl) {
   if (nativeValidation) {
     ctrl.$parsers.push(function(value) {
       var validity = element.prop(VALIDITY_STATE_PROPERTY) || {};
-      // Detect bug in FF35 for input[email] (https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1064430):
-      // - also sets validity.badInput (should only be validity.typeMismatch).
-      // - see http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/forms.html#e-mail-state-(type=email)
-      // - can ignore this case as we can still read out the erroneous email...
-      return validity.badInput && !validity.typeMismatch ? undefined : value;
+      return validity.badInput || validity.typeMismatch ? undefined : value;
     });
   }
 }
@@ -21688,7 +23168,7 @@ function numberInputType(scope, element, attr, ctrl, $sniffer, $browser) {
   ctrl.$formatters.push(function(value) {
     if (!ctrl.$isEmpty(value)) {
       if (!isNumber(value)) {
-        throw $ngModelMinErr('numfmt', 'Expected `{0}` to be a number', value);
+        throw ngModelMinErr('numfmt', 'Expected `{0}` to be a number', value);
       }
       value = value.toString();
     }
@@ -21781,7 +23261,7 @@ function parseConstantExpr($parse, context, name, expression, fallback) {
   if (isDefined(expression)) {
     parseFn = $parse(expression);
     if (!parseFn.constant) {
-      throw minErr('ngModel')('constexpr', 'Expected constant expression for `{0}`, but saw ' +
+      throw ngModelMinErr('constexpr', 'Expected constant expression for `{0}`, but saw ' +
                                    '`{1}`.', name, expression);
     }
     return parseFn(context);
@@ -21841,8 +23321,8 @@ function checkboxInputType(scope, element, attr, ctrl, $sniffer, $browser, $filt
  * @param {number=} ngMaxlength Sets `maxlength` validation error key if the value is longer than
  *    maxlength. Setting the attribute to a negative or non-numeric value, allows view values of any
  *    length.
- * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel value does not match
- *    a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
+ * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue $viewValue}
+ *    does not match a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
  *    If the expression evaluates to a RegExp object, then this is used directly.
  *    If the expression evaluates to a string, then it will be converted to a RegExp
  *    after wrapping it in `^` and `$` characters. For instance, `"abc"` will be converted to
@@ -21880,8 +23360,8 @@ function checkboxInputType(scope, element, attr, ctrl, $sniffer, $browser, $filt
  * @param {number=} ngMaxlength Sets `maxlength` validation error key if the value is longer than
  *    maxlength. Setting the attribute to a negative or non-numeric value, allows view values of any
  *    length.
- * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel value does not match
- *    a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
+ * @param {string=} ngPattern Sets `pattern` validation error key if the ngModel {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue $viewValue}
+ *    value does not match a RegExp found by evaluating the Angular expression given in the attribute value.
  *    If the expression evaluates to a RegExp object, then this is used directly.
  *    If the expression evaluates to a string, then it will be converted to a RegExp
  *    after wrapping it in `^` and `$` characters. For instance, `"abc"` will be converted to
@@ -22149,7 +23629,7 @@ var ngBindDirective = ['$compile', function($compile) {
         $compile.$$addBindingInfo(element, attr.ngBind);
         element = element[0];
         scope.$watch(attr.ngBind, function ngBindWatchAction(value) {
-          element.textContent = value === undefined ? '' : value;
+          element.textContent = isUndefined(value) ? '' : value;
         });
       };
     }
@@ -22217,7 +23697,7 @@ var ngBindTemplateDirective = ['$interpolate', '$compile', function($interpolate
         $compile.$$addBindingInfo(element, interpolateFn.expressions);
         element = element[0];
         attr.$observe('ngBindTemplate', function(value) {
-          element.textContent = value === undefined ? '' : value;
+          element.textContent = isUndefined(value) ? '' : value;
         });
       };
     }
@@ -22520,9 +24000,10 @@ function classDirective(name, selector) {
  * new classes added.
  *
  * @animations
- * **add** - happens just before the class is applied to the elements
- *
- * **remove** - happens just before the class is removed from the element
+ * | Animation                        | Occurs                              |
+ * |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#addClass addClass}       | just before the class is applied to the element   |
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#removeClass removeClass} | just before the class is removed from the element |
  *
  * @element ANY
  * @param {expression} ngClass {@link guide/expression Expression} to eval. The result
@@ -22634,7 +24115,6 @@ function classDirective(name, selector) {
      </file>
      <file name="style.css">
        .base-class {
-         -webkit-transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;
          transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;
        }
 
@@ -23067,27 +24547,29 @@ var ngControllerDirective = [function() {
  *
  * @element html
  * @description
- * Enables [CSP (Content Security Policy)](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Security/CSP) support.
+ *
+ * Angular has some features that can break certain
+ * [CSP (Content Security Policy)](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Security/CSP) rules.
+ *
+ * If you intend to implement these rules then you must tell Angular not to use these features.
  *
  * This is necessary when developing things like Google Chrome Extensions or Universal Windows Apps.
  *
- * CSP forbids apps to use `eval` or `Function(string)` generated functions (among other things).
- * For Angular to be CSP compatible there are only two things that we need to do differently:
  *
- * - don't use `Function` constructor to generate optimized value getters
- * - don't inject custom stylesheet into the document
+ * The following rules affect Angular:
  *
- * AngularJS uses `Function(string)` generated functions as a speed optimization. Applying the `ngCsp`
- * directive will cause Angular to use CSP compatibility mode. When this mode is on AngularJS will
- * evaluate all expressions up to 30% slower than in non-CSP mode, but no security violations will
- * be raised.
+ * * `unsafe-eval`: this rule forbids apps to use `eval` or `Function(string)` generated functions
+ * (among other things). Angular makes use of this in the {@link $parse} service to provide a 30%
+ * increase in the speed of evaluating Angular expressions.
  *
- * CSP forbids JavaScript to inline stylesheet rules. In non CSP mode Angular automatically
- * includes some CSS rules (e.g. {@link ng.directive:ngCloak ngCloak}).
- * To make those directives work in CSP mode, include the `angular-csp.css` manually.
+ * * `unsafe-inline`: this rule forbids apps from inject custom styles into the document. Angular
+ * makes use of this to include some CSS rules (e.g. {@link ngCloak} and {@link ngHide}).
+ * To make these directives work when a CSP rule is blocking inline styles, you must link to the
+ * `angular-csp.css` in your HTML manually.
  *
- * Angular tries to autodetect if CSP is active and automatically turn on the CSP-safe mode. This
- * autodetection however triggers a CSP error to be logged in the console:
+ * If you do not provide `ngCsp` then Angular tries to autodetect if CSP is blocking unsafe-eval
+ * and automatically deactivates this feature in the {@link $parse} service. This autodetection,
+ * however, triggers a CSP error to be logged in the console:
  *
  * ```
  * Refused to evaluate a string as JavaScript because 'unsafe-eval' is not an allowed source of
@@ -23096,11 +24578,39 @@ var ngControllerDirective = [function() {
  * ```
  *
  * This error is harmless but annoying. To prevent the error from showing up, put the `ngCsp`
- * directive on the root element of the application or on the `angular.js` script tag, whichever
- * appears first in the html document.
+ * directive on an element of the HTML document that appears before the `<script>` tag that loads
+ * the `angular.js` file.
  *
  * *Note: This directive is only available in the `ng-csp` and `data-ng-csp` attribute form.*
  *
+ * You can specify which of the CSP related Angular features should be deactivated by providing
+ * a value for the `ng-csp` attribute. The options are as follows:
+ *
+ * * no-inline-style: this stops Angular from injecting CSS styles into the DOM
+ *
+ * * no-unsafe-eval: this stops Angular from optimizing $parse with unsafe eval of strings
+ *
+ * You can use these values in the following combinations:
+ *
+ *
+ * * No declaration means that Angular will assume that you can do inline styles, but it will do
+ * a runtime check for unsafe-eval. E.g. `<body>`. This is backwardly compatible with previous versions
+ * of Angular.
+ *
+ * * A simple `ng-csp` (or `data-ng-csp`) attribute will tell Angular to deactivate both inline
+ * styles and unsafe eval. E.g. `<body ng-csp>`. This is backwardly compatible with previous versions
+ * of Angular.
+ *
+ * * Specifying only `no-unsafe-eval` tells Angular that we must not use eval, but that we can inject
+ * inline styles. E.g. `<body ng-csp="no-unsafe-eval">`.
+ *
+ * * Specifying only `no-inline-style` tells Angular that we must not inject styles, but that we can
+ * run eval - no automatic check for unsafe eval will occur. E.g. `<body ng-csp="no-inline-style">`
+ *
+ * * Specifying both `no-unsafe-eval` and `no-inline-style` tells Angular that we must not inject
+ * styles nor use eval, which is the same as an empty: ng-csp.
+ * E.g.`<body ng-csp="no-inline-style;no-unsafe-eval">`
+ *
  * @example
  * This example shows how to apply the `ngCsp` directive to the `html` tag.
    ```html
@@ -23232,7 +24742,7 @@ var ngControllerDirective = [function() {
 
 // ngCsp is not implemented as a proper directive any more, because we need it be processed while we
 // bootstrap the system (before $parse is instantiated), for this reason we just have
-// the csp.isActive() fn that looks for ng-csp attribute anywhere in the current doc
+// the csp() fn that looks for the `ng-csp` attribute anywhere in the current doc
 
 /**
  * @ngdoc directive
@@ -23752,8 +25262,10 @@ forEach(
  * and `leave` effects.
  *
  * @animations
- * enter - happens just after the `ngIf` contents change and a new DOM element is created and injected into the `ngIf` container
- * leave - happens just before the `ngIf` contents are removed from the DOM
+ * | Animation                        | Occurs                               |
+ * |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#enter enter}  | just after the `ngIf` contents change and a new DOM element is created and injected into the `ngIf` container |
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#leave leave}  | just before the `ngIf` contents are removed from the DOM |
  *
  * @element ANY
  * @scope
@@ -23779,7 +25291,6 @@ forEach(
       }
 
       .animate-if.ng-enter, .animate-if.ng-leave {
-        -webkit-transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;
         transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;
       }
 
@@ -23795,7 +25306,7 @@ forEach(
     </file>
   </example>
  */
-var ngIfDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
+var ngIfDirective = ['$animate', '$compile', function($animate, $compile) {
   return {
     multiElement: true,
     transclude: 'element',
@@ -23811,7 +25322,7 @@ var ngIfDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
             if (!childScope) {
               $transclude(function(clone, newScope) {
                 childScope = newScope;
-                clone[clone.length++] = document.createComment(' end ngIf: ' + $attr.ngIf + ' ');
+                clone[clone.length++] = $compile.$$createComment('end ngIf', $attr.ngIf);
                 // Note: We only need the first/last node of the cloned nodes.
                 // However, we need to keep the reference to the jqlite wrapper as it might be changed later
                 // by a directive with templateUrl when its template arrives.
@@ -23866,8 +25377,10 @@ var ngIfDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
  * access on some browsers.
  *
  * @animations
- * enter - animation is used to bring new content into the browser.
- * leave - animation is used to animate existing content away.
+ * | Animation                        | Occurs                              |
+ * |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#enter enter}  | when the expression changes, on the new include |
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#leave leave}  | when the expression changes, on the old include |
  *
  * The enter and leave animation occur concurrently.
  *
@@ -23877,7 +25390,13 @@ var ngIfDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
  * @param {string} ngInclude|src angular expression evaluating to URL. If the source is a string constant,
  *                 make sure you wrap it in **single** quotes, e.g. `src="'myPartialTemplate.html'"`.
  * @param {string=} onload Expression to evaluate when a new partial is loaded.
- *
+ *                  <div class="alert alert-warning">
+ *                  **Note:** When using onload on SVG elements in IE11, the browser will try to call
+ *                  a function with the name on the window element, which will usually throw a
+ *                  "function is undefined" error. To fix this, you can instead use `data-onload` or a
+ *                  different form that {@link guide/directive#normalization matches} `onload`.
+ *                  </div>
+   *
  * @param {string=} autoscroll Whether `ngInclude` should call {@link ng.$anchorScroll
  *                  $anchorScroll} to scroll the viewport after the content is loaded.
  *
@@ -23928,7 +25447,6 @@ var ngIfDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
       }
 
       .slide-animate.ng-enter, .slide-animate.ng-leave {
-        -webkit-transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;
         transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;
 
         position:absolute;
@@ -24070,6 +25588,8 @@ var ngIncludeDirective = ['$templateRequest', '$anchorScroll', '$animate',
             //set the 2nd param to true to ignore the template request error so that the inner
             //contents and scope can be cleaned up.
             $templateRequest(src, true).then(function(response) {
+              if (scope.$$destroyed) return;
+
               if (thisChangeId !== changeCounter) return;
               var newScope = scope.$new();
               ctrl.template = response;
@@ -24091,6 +25611,8 @@ var ngIncludeDirective = ['$templateRequest', '$anchorScroll', '$animate',
               currentScope.$emit('$includeContentLoaded', src);
               scope.$eval(onloadExp);
             }, function() {
+              if (scope.$$destroyed) return;
+
               if (thisChangeId === changeCounter) {
                 cleanupLastIncludeContent();
                 scope.$emit('$includeContentError', src);
@@ -24119,7 +25641,7 @@ var ngIncludeFillContentDirective = ['$compile',
       priority: -400,
       require: 'ngInclude',
       link: function(scope, $element, $attr, ctrl) {
-        if (/SVG/.test($element[0].toString())) {
+        if (toString.call($element[0]).match(/SVG/)) {
           // WebKit: https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=135698 --- SVG elements do not
           // support innerHTML, so detect this here and try to generate the contents
           // specially.
@@ -24147,16 +25669,18 @@ var ngIncludeFillContentDirective = ['$compile',
  * current scope.
  *
  * <div class="alert alert-danger">
- * The only appropriate use of `ngInit` is for aliasing special properties of
- * {@link ng.directive:ngRepeat `ngRepeat`}, as seen in the demo below. Besides this case, you
- * should use {@link guide/controller controllers} rather than `ngInit`
- * to initialize values on a scope.
+ * This directive can be abused to add unnecessary amounts of logic into your templates.
+ * There are only a few appropriate uses of `ngInit`, such as for aliasing special properties of
+ * {@link ng.directive:ngRepeat `ngRepeat`}, as seen in the demo below; and for injecting data via
+ * server side scripting. Besides these few cases, you should use {@link guide/controller controllers}
+ * rather than `ngInit` to initialize values on a scope.
  * </div>
+ *
  * <div class="alert alert-warning">
- * **Note**: If you have assignment in `ngInit` along with {@link ng.$filter `$filter`}, make
- * sure you have parenthesis for correct precedence:
+ * **Note**: If you have assignment in `ngInit` along with a {@link ng.$filter `filter`}, make
+ * sure you have parentheses to ensure correct operator precedence:
  * <pre class="prettyprint">
- * `<div ng-init="test1 = (data | orderBy:'name')"></div>`
+ * `<div ng-init="test1 = ($index | toString)"></div>`
  * </pre>
  * </div>
  *
@@ -24269,7 +25793,7 @@ var ngInitDirective = ngDirective({
  *   </file>
  * </example>
  *
- * ### Example - splitting on whitespace
+ * ### Example - splitting on newline
  * <example name="ngList-directive-newlines">
  *   <file name="index.html">
  *    <textarea ng-model="list" ng-list="&#10;" ng-trim="false"></textarea>
@@ -24346,16 +25870,19 @@ var VALID_CLASS = 'ng-valid',
     DIRTY_CLASS = 'ng-dirty',
     UNTOUCHED_CLASS = 'ng-untouched',
     TOUCHED_CLASS = 'ng-touched',
-    PENDING_CLASS = 'ng-pending';
+    PENDING_CLASS = 'ng-pending',
+    EMPTY_CLASS = 'ng-empty',
+    NOT_EMPTY_CLASS = 'ng-not-empty';
 
-
-var $ngModelMinErr = new minErr('ngModel');
+var ngModelMinErr = minErr('ngModel');
 
 /**
  * @ngdoc type
  * @name ngModel.NgModelController
  *
- * @property {string} $viewValue Actual string value in the view.
+ * @property {*} $viewValue The actual value from the control's view. For `input` elements, this is a
+ * String. See {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$setViewValue} for information about when the $viewValue
+ * is set.
  * @property {*} $modelValue The value in the model that the control is bound to.
  * @property {Array.<Function>} $parsers Array of functions to execute, as a pipeline, whenever
        the control reads value from the DOM. The functions are called in array order, each passing
@@ -24569,7 +26096,7 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
   this.$$success = {}; // keep valid keys here
   this.$pending = undefined; // keep pending keys here
   this.$name = $interpolate($attr.name || '', false)($scope);
-
+  this.$$parentForm = nullFormCtrl;
 
   var parsedNgModel = $parse($attr.ngModel),
       parsedNgModelAssign = parsedNgModel.assign,
@@ -24594,13 +26121,13 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
       };
       ngModelSet = function($scope, newValue) {
         if (isFunction(parsedNgModel($scope))) {
-          invokeModelSetter($scope, {$$$p: ctrl.$modelValue});
+          invokeModelSetter($scope, {$$$p: newValue});
         } else {
-          parsedNgModelAssign($scope, ctrl.$modelValue);
+          parsedNgModelAssign($scope, newValue);
         }
       };
     } else if (!parsedNgModel.assign) {
-      throw $ngModelMinErr('nonassign', "Expression '{0}' is non-assignable. Element: {1}",
+      throw ngModelMinErr('nonassign', "Expression '{0}' is non-assignable. Element: {1}",
           $attr.ngModel, startingTag($element));
     }
   };
@@ -24621,7 +26148,7 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
    *   the `$viewValue` are different from last time.
    *
    * Since `ng-model` does not do a deep watch, `$render()` is only invoked if the values of
-   * `$modelValue` and `$viewValue` are actually different from their previous value. If `$modelValue`
+   * `$modelValue` and `$viewValue` are actually different from their previous values. If `$modelValue`
    * or `$viewValue` are objects (rather than a string or number) then `$render()` will not be
    * invoked if you only change a property on the objects.
    */
@@ -24649,8 +26176,18 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
     return isUndefined(value) || value === '' || value === null || value !== value;
   };
 
-  var parentForm = $element.inheritedData('$formController') || nullFormCtrl,
-      currentValidationRunId = 0;
+  this.$$updateEmptyClasses = function(value) {
+    if (ctrl.$isEmpty(value)) {
+      $animate.removeClass($element, NOT_EMPTY_CLASS);
+      $animate.addClass($element, EMPTY_CLASS);
+    } else {
+      $animate.removeClass($element, EMPTY_CLASS);
+      $animate.addClass($element, NOT_EMPTY_CLASS);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  var currentValidationRunId = 0;
 
   /**
    * @ngdoc method
@@ -24683,7 +26220,6 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
     unset: function(object, property) {
       delete object[property];
     },
-    parentForm: parentForm,
     $animate: $animate
   });
 
@@ -24721,7 +26257,7 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
     ctrl.$pristine = false;
     $animate.removeClass($element, PRISTINE_CLASS);
     $animate.addClass($element, DIRTY_CLASS);
-    parentForm.$setDirty();
+    ctrl.$$parentForm.$setDirty();
   };
 
   /**
@@ -24768,11 +26304,14 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
    * which may be caused by a pending debounced event or because the input is waiting for a some
    * future event.
    *
-   * If you have an input that uses `ng-model-options` to set up debounced events or events such
-   * as blur you can have a situation where there is a period when the `$viewValue`
-   * is out of synch with the ngModel's `$modelValue`.
+   * If you have an input that uses `ng-model-options` to set up debounced updates or updates that
+   * depend on special events such as blur, you can have a situation where there is a period when
+   * the `$viewValue` is out of sync with the ngModel's `$modelValue`.
+   *
+   * In this case, you can use `$rollbackViewValue()` to manually cancel the debounced / future update
+   * and reset the input to the last committed view value.
    *
-   * In this case, you can run into difficulties if you try to update the ngModel's `$modelValue`
+   * It is also possible that you run into difficulties if you try to update the ngModel's `$modelValue`
    * programmatically before these debounced/future events have resolved/occurred, because Angular's
    * dirty checking mechanism is not able to tell whether the model has actually changed or not.
    *
@@ -24785,39 +26324,63 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
    *     angular.module('cancel-update-example', [])
    *
    *     .controller('CancelUpdateController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
-   *       $scope.resetWithCancel = function(e) {
-   *         if (e.keyCode == 27) {
-   *           $scope.myForm.myInput1.$rollbackViewValue();
-   *           $scope.myValue = '';
-   *         }
-   *       };
-   *       $scope.resetWithoutCancel = function(e) {
+   *       $scope.model = {};
+   *
+   *       $scope.setEmpty = function(e, value, rollback) {
    *         if (e.keyCode == 27) {
-   *           $scope.myValue = '';
+   *           e.preventDefault();
+   *           if (rollback) {
+   *             $scope.myForm[value].$rollbackViewValue();
+   *           }
+   *           $scope.model[value] = '';
    *         }
    *       };
    *     }]);
    *   </file>
    *   <file name="index.html">
    *     <div ng-controller="CancelUpdateController">
-   *       <p>Try typing something in each input.  See that the model only updates when you
-   *          blur off the input.
-   *        </p>
-   *        <p>Now see what happens if you start typing then press the Escape key</p>
+   *        <p>Both of these inputs are only updated if they are blurred. Hitting escape should
+   *        empty them. Follow these steps and observe the difference:</p>
+   *       <ol>
+   *         <li>Type something in the input. You will see that the model is not yet updated</li>
+   *         <li>Press the Escape key.
+   *           <ol>
+   *             <li> In the first example, nothing happens, because the model is already '', and no
+   *             update is detected. If you blur the input, the model will be set to the current view.
+   *             </li>
+   *             <li> In the second example, the pending update is cancelled, and the input is set back
+   *             to the last committed view value (''). Blurring the input does nothing.
+   *             </li>
+   *           </ol>
+   *         </li>
+   *       </ol>
    *
    *       <form name="myForm" ng-model-options="{ updateOn: 'blur' }">
-   *         <p id="inputDescription1">With $rollbackViewValue()</p>
-   *         <input name="myInput1" aria-describedby="inputDescription1" ng-model="myValue"
-   *                ng-keydown="resetWithCancel($event)"><br/>
-   *         myValue: "{{ myValue }}"
-   *
-   *         <p id="inputDescription2">Without $rollbackViewValue()</p>
-   *         <input name="myInput2" aria-describedby="inputDescription2" ng-model="myValue"
-   *                ng-keydown="resetWithoutCancel($event)"><br/>
-   *         myValue: "{{ myValue }}"
+   *         <div>
+   *        <p id="inputDescription1">Without $rollbackViewValue():</p>
+   *         <input name="value1" aria-describedby="inputDescription1" ng-model="model.value1"
+   *                ng-keydown="setEmpty($event, 'value1')">
+   *         value1: "{{ model.value1 }}"
+   *         </div>
+   *
+   *         <div>
+   *        <p id="inputDescription2">With $rollbackViewValue():</p>
+   *         <input name="value2" aria-describedby="inputDescription2" ng-model="model.value2"
+   *                ng-keydown="setEmpty($event, 'value2', true)">
+   *         value2: "{{ model.value2 }}"
+   *         </div>
    *       </form>
    *     </div>
    *   </file>
+       <file name="style.css">
+          div {
+            display: table-cell;
+          }
+          div:nth-child(1) {
+            padding-right: 30px;
+          }
+
+        </file>
    * </example>
    */
   this.$rollbackViewValue = function() {
@@ -24891,7 +26454,7 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
 
     function processParseErrors() {
       var errorKey = ctrl.$$parserName || 'parse';
-      if (parserValid === undefined) {
+      if (isUndefined(parserValid)) {
         setValidity(errorKey, null);
       } else {
         if (!parserValid) {
@@ -24931,13 +26494,13 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
       forEach(ctrl.$asyncValidators, function(validator, name) {
         var promise = validator(modelValue, viewValue);
         if (!isPromiseLike(promise)) {
-          throw $ngModelMinErr("$asyncValidators",
+          throw ngModelMinErr('nopromise',
             "Expected asynchronous validator to return a promise but got '{0}' instead.", promise);
         }
         setValidity(name, undefined);
         validatorPromises.push(promise.then(function() {
           setValidity(name, true);
-        }, function(error) {
+        }, function() {
           allValid = false;
           setValidity(name, false);
         }));
@@ -24987,6 +26550,7 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
     if (ctrl.$$lastCommittedViewValue === viewValue && (viewValue !== '' || !ctrl.$$hasNativeValidators)) {
       return;
     }
+    ctrl.$$updateEmptyClasses(viewValue);
     ctrl.$$lastCommittedViewValue = viewValue;
 
     // change to dirty
@@ -25061,37 +26625,47 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
    * @description
    * Update the view value.
    *
-   * This method should be called when an input directive want to change the view value; typically,
-   * this is done from within a DOM event handler.
-   *
-   * For example {@link ng.directive:input input} calls it when the value of the input changes and
-   * {@link ng.directive:select select} calls it when an option is selected.
-   *
-   * If the new `value` is an object (rather than a string or a number), we should make a copy of the
-   * object before passing it to `$setViewValue`.  This is because `ngModel` does not perform a deep
-   * watch of objects, it only looks for a change of identity. If you only change the property of
-   * the object then ngModel will not realise that the object has changed and will not invoke the
-   * `$parsers` and `$validators` pipelines.
+   * This method should be called when a control wants to change the view value; typically,
+   * this is done from within a DOM event handler. For example, the {@link ng.directive:input input}
+   * directive calls it when the value of the input changes and {@link ng.directive:select select}
+   * calls it when an option is selected.
    *
-   * For this reason, you should not change properties of the copy once it has been passed to
-   * `$setViewValue`. Otherwise you may cause the model value on the scope to change incorrectly.
-   *
-   * When this method is called, the new `value` will be staged for committing through the `$parsers`
+   * When `$setViewValue` is called, the new `value` will be staged for committing through the `$parsers`
    * and `$validators` pipelines. If there are no special {@link ngModelOptions} specified then the staged
    * value sent directly for processing, finally to be applied to `$modelValue` and then the
-   * **expression** specified in the `ng-model` attribute.
-   *
-   * Lastly, all the registered change listeners, in the `$viewChangeListeners` list, are called.
+   * **expression** specified in the `ng-model` attribute. Lastly, all the registered change listeners,
+   * in the `$viewChangeListeners` list, are called.
    *
    * In case the {@link ng.directive:ngModelOptions ngModelOptions} directive is used with `updateOn`
    * and the `default` trigger is not listed, all those actions will remain pending until one of the
    * `updateOn` events is triggered on the DOM element.
    * All these actions will be debounced if the {@link ng.directive:ngModelOptions ngModelOptions}
    * directive is used with a custom debounce for this particular event.
+   * Note that a `$digest` is only triggered once the `updateOn` events are fired, or if `debounce`
+   * is specified, once the timer runs out.
+   *
+   * When used with standard inputs, the view value will always be a string (which is in some cases
+   * parsed into another type, such as a `Date` object for `input[date]`.)
+   * However, custom controls might also pass objects to this method. In this case, we should make
+   * a copy of the object before passing it to `$setViewValue`. This is because `ngModel` does not
+   * perform a deep watch of objects, it only looks for a change of identity. If you only change
+   * the property of the object then ngModel will not realize that the object has changed and
+   * will not invoke the `$parsers` and `$validators` pipelines. For this reason, you should
+   * not change properties of the copy once it has been passed to `$setViewValue`.
+   * Otherwise you may cause the model value on the scope to change incorrectly.
+   *
+   * <div class="alert alert-info">
+   * In any case, the value passed to the method should always reflect the current value
+   * of the control. For example, if you are calling `$setViewValue` for an input element,
+   * you should pass the input DOM value. Otherwise, the control and the scope model become
+   * out of sync. It's also important to note that `$setViewValue` does not call `$render` or change
+   * the control's DOM value in any way. If we want to change the control's DOM value
+   * programmatically, we should update the `ngModel` scope expression. Its new value will be
+   * picked up by the model controller, which will run it through the `$formatters`, `$render` it
+   * to update the DOM, and finally call `$validate` on it.
+   * </div>
    *
-   * Note that calling this function does not trigger a `$digest`.
-   *
-   * @param {string} value Value from the view.
+   * @param {*} value value from the view.
    * @param {string} trigger Event that triggered the update.
    */
   this.$setViewValue = function(value, trigger) {
@@ -25159,6 +26733,7 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
         viewValue = formatters[idx](viewValue);
       }
       if (ctrl.$viewValue !== viewValue) {
+        ctrl.$$updateEmptyClasses(viewValue);
         ctrl.$viewValue = ctrl.$$lastCommittedViewValue = viewValue;
         ctrl.$render();
 
@@ -25189,7 +26764,8 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
  *   require.
  * - Providing validation behavior (i.e. required, number, email, url).
  * - Keeping the state of the control (valid/invalid, dirty/pristine, touched/untouched, validation errors).
- * - Setting related css classes on the element (`ng-valid`, `ng-invalid`, `ng-dirty`, `ng-pristine`, `ng-touched`, `ng-untouched`) including animations.
+ * - Setting related css classes on the element (`ng-valid`, `ng-invalid`, `ng-dirty`, `ng-pristine`, `ng-touched`,
+ *   `ng-untouched`, `ng-empty`, `ng-not-empty`) including animations.
  * - Registering the control with its parent {@link ng.directive:form form}.
  *
  * Note: `ngModel` will try to bind to the property given by evaluating the expression on the
@@ -25217,6 +26793,22 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
  *  - {@link ng.directive:select select}
  *  - {@link ng.directive:textarea textarea}
  *
+ * # Complex Models (objects or collections)
+ *
+ * By default, `ngModel` watches the model by reference, not value. This is important to know when
+ * binding inputs to models that are objects (e.g. `Date`) or collections (e.g. arrays). If only properties of the
+ * object or collection change, `ngModel` will not be notified and so the input will not be  re-rendered.
+ *
+ * The model must be assigned an entirely new object or collection before a re-rendering will occur.
+ *
+ * Some directives have options that will cause them to use a custom `$watchCollection` on the model expression
+ * - for example, `ngOptions` will do so when a `track by` clause is included in the comprehension expression or
+ * if the select is given the `multiple` attribute.
+ *
+ * The `$watchCollection()` method only does a shallow comparison, meaning that changing properties deeper than the
+ * first level of the object (or only changing the properties of an item in the collection if it's an array) will still
+ * not trigger a re-rendering of the model.
+ *
  * # CSS classes
  * The following CSS classes are added and removed on the associated input/select/textarea element
  * depending on the validity of the model.
@@ -25230,13 +26822,16 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
  *  - `ng-touched`: the control has been blurred
  *  - `ng-untouched`: the control hasn't been blurred
  *  - `ng-pending`: any `$asyncValidators` are unfulfilled
+ *  - `ng-empty`: the view does not contain a value or the value is deemed "empty", as defined
+ *     by the {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$isEmpty} method
+ *  - `ng-not-empty`: the view contains a non-empty value
  *
  * Keep in mind that ngAnimate can detect each of these classes when added and removed.
  *
  * ## Animation Hooks
  *
  * Animations within models are triggered when any of the associated CSS classes are added and removed
- * on the input element which is attached to the model. These classes are: `.ng-pristine`, `.ng-dirty`,
+ * on the input element which is attached to the model. These classes include: `.ng-pristine`, `.ng-dirty`,
  * `.ng-invalid` and `.ng-valid` as well as any other validations that are performed on the model itself.
  * The animations that are triggered within ngModel are similar to how they work in ngClass and
  * animations can be hooked into using CSS transitions, keyframes as well as JS animations.
@@ -25268,7 +26863,6 @@ var NgModelController = ['$scope', '$exceptionHandler', '$attrs', '$element', '$
        </script>
        <style>
          .my-input {
-           -webkit-transition:all linear 0.5s;
            transition:all linear 0.5s;
            background: transparent;
          }
@@ -25355,7 +26949,7 @@ var ngModelDirective = ['$rootScope', function($rootScope) {
       return {
         pre: function ngModelPreLink(scope, element, attr, ctrls) {
           var modelCtrl = ctrls[0],
-              formCtrl = ctrls[1] || nullFormCtrl;
+              formCtrl = ctrls[1] || modelCtrl.$$parentForm;
 
           modelCtrl.$$setOptions(ctrls[2] && ctrls[2].$options);
 
@@ -25364,12 +26958,12 @@ var ngModelDirective = ['$rootScope', function($rootScope) {
 
           attr.$observe('name', function(newValue) {
             if (modelCtrl.$name !== newValue) {
-              formCtrl.$$renameControl(modelCtrl, newValue);
+              modelCtrl.$$parentForm.$$renameControl(modelCtrl, newValue);
             }
           });
 
           scope.$on('$destroy', function() {
-            formCtrl.$removeControl(modelCtrl);
+            modelCtrl.$$parentForm.$removeControl(modelCtrl);
           });
         },
         post: function ngModelPostLink(scope, element, attr, ctrls) {
@@ -25380,7 +26974,7 @@ var ngModelDirective = ['$rootScope', function($rootScope) {
             });
           }
 
-          element.on('blur', function(ev) {
+          element.on('blur', function() {
             if (modelCtrl.$touched) return;
 
             if ($rootScope.$$phase) {
@@ -25461,12 +27055,13 @@ var DEFAULT_REGEXP = /(\s+|^)default(\s+|$)/;
           </label><br />
         </form>
         <pre>user.name = <span ng-bind="user.name"></span></pre>
+        <pre>user.data = <span ng-bind="user.data"></span></pre>
       </div>
     </file>
     <file name="app.js">
       angular.module('optionsExample', [])
         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
-          $scope.user = { name: 'say', data: '' };
+          $scope.user = { name: 'John', data: '' };
 
           $scope.cancel = function(e) {
             if (e.keyCode == 27) {
@@ -25481,20 +27076,20 @@ var DEFAULT_REGEXP = /(\s+|^)default(\s+|$)/;
       var other = element(by.model('user.data'));
 
       it('should allow custom events', function() {
-        input.sendKeys(' hello');
+        input.sendKeys(' Doe');
         input.click();
-        expect(model.getText()).toEqual('say');
+        expect(model.getText()).toEqual('John');
         other.click();
-        expect(model.getText()).toEqual('say hello');
+        expect(model.getText()).toEqual('John Doe');
       });
 
       it('should $rollbackViewValue when model changes', function() {
-        input.sendKeys(' hello');
-        expect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('say hello');
+        input.sendKeys(' Doe');
+        expect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('John Doe');
         input.sendKeys(protractor.Key.ESCAPE);
-        expect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('say');
+        expect(input.getAttribute('value')).toEqual('John');
         other.click();
-        expect(model.getText()).toEqual('say');
+        expect(model.getText()).toEqual('John');
       });
     </file>
   </example>
@@ -25520,7 +27115,7 @@ var DEFAULT_REGEXP = /(\s+|^)default(\s+|$)/;
     <file name="app.js">
       angular.module('optionsExample', [])
         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
-          $scope.user = { name: 'say' };
+          $scope.user = { name: 'Igor' };
         }]);
     </file>
   </example>
@@ -25564,7 +27159,7 @@ var ngModelOptionsDirective = function() {
       var that = this;
       this.$options = copy($scope.$eval($attrs.ngModelOptions));
       // Allow adding/overriding bound events
-      if (this.$options.updateOn !== undefined) {
+      if (isDefined(this.$options.updateOn)) {
         this.$options.updateOnDefault = false;
         // extract "default" pseudo-event from list of events that can trigger a model update
         this.$options.updateOn = trim(this.$options.updateOn.replace(DEFAULT_REGEXP, function() {
@@ -25587,7 +27182,6 @@ function addSetValidityMethod(context) {
       classCache = {},
       set = context.set,
       unset = context.unset,
-      parentForm = context.parentForm,
       $animate = context.$animate;
 
   classCache[INVALID_CLASS] = !(classCache[VALID_CLASS] = $element.hasClass(VALID_CLASS));
@@ -25595,7 +27189,7 @@ function addSetValidityMethod(context) {
   ctrl.$setValidity = setValidity;
 
   function setValidity(validationErrorKey, state, controller) {
-    if (state === undefined) {
+    if (isUndefined(state)) {
       createAndSet('$pending', validationErrorKey, controller);
     } else {
       unsetAndCleanup('$pending', validationErrorKey, controller);
@@ -25639,7 +27233,7 @@ function addSetValidityMethod(context) {
     }
 
     toggleValidationCss(validationErrorKey, combinedState);
-    parentForm.$setValidity(validationErrorKey, combinedState, ctrl);
+    ctrl.$$parentForm.$setValidity(validationErrorKey, combinedState, ctrl);
   }
 
   function createAndSet(name, value, controller) {
@@ -25754,19 +27348,27 @@ var ngOptionsMinErr = minErr('ngOptions');
  *
  * ## Complex Models (objects or collections)
  *
- * **Note:** By default, `ngModel` watches the model by reference, not value. This is important when
- * binding any input directive to a model that is an object or a collection.
+ * By default, `ngModel` watches the model by reference, not value. This is important to know when
+ * binding the select to a model that is an object or a collection.
  *
- * Since this is a common situation for `ngOptions` the directive additionally watches the model using
- * `$watchCollection` when the select has the `multiple` attribute or when there is a `track by` clause in
- * the options expression. This allows ngOptions to trigger a re-rendering of the options even if the actual
- * object/collection has not changed identity but only a property on the object or an item in the collection
- * changes.
+ * One issue occurs if you want to preselect an option. For example, if you set
+ * the model to an object that is equal to an object in your collection, `ngOptions` won't be able to set the selection,
+ * because the objects are not identical. So by default, you should always reference the item in your collection
+ * for preselections, e.g.: `$scope.selected = $scope.collection[3]`.
  *
- * Note that `$watchCollection` does a shallow comparison of the properties of the object (or the items in the collection
- * if the model is an array). This means that changing a property deeper inside the object/collection that the
- * first level will not trigger a re-rendering.
+ * Another solution is to use a `track by` clause, because then `ngOptions` will track the identity
+ * of the item not by reference, but by the result of the `track by` expression. For example, if your
+ * collection items have an id property, you would `track by item.id`.
  *
+ * A different issue with objects or collections is that ngModel won't detect if an object property or
+ * a collection item changes. For that reason, `ngOptions` additionally watches the model using
+ * `$watchCollection`, when the expression contains a `track by` clause or the the select has the `multiple` attribute.
+ * This allows ngOptions to trigger a re-rendering of the options even if the actual object/collection
+ * has not changed identity, but only a property on the object or an item in the collection changes.
+ *
+ * Note that `$watchCollection` does a shallow comparison of the properties of the object (or the items in the collection
+ * if the model is an array). This means that changing a property deeper than the first level inside the
+ * object/collection will not trigger a re-rendering.
  *
  * ## `select` **`as`**
  *
@@ -25779,17 +27381,13 @@ var ngOptionsMinErr = minErr('ngOptions');
  * ### `select` **`as`** and **`track by`**
  *
  * <div class="alert alert-warning">
- * Do not use `select` **`as`** and **`track by`** in the same expression. They are not designed to work together.
+ * Be careful when using `select` **`as`** and **`track by`** in the same expression.
  * </div>
  *
- * Consider the following example:
- *
- * ```html
- * <select ng-options="item.subItem as item.label for item in values track by item.id" ng-model="selected">
- * ```
+ * Given this array of items on the $scope:
  *
  * ```js
- * $scope.values = [{
+ * $scope.items = [{
  *   id: 1,
  *   label: 'aLabel',
  *   subItem: { name: 'aSubItem' }
@@ -25798,20 +27396,33 @@ var ngOptionsMinErr = minErr('ngOptions');
  *   label: 'bLabel',
  *   subItem: { name: 'bSubItem' }
  * }];
+ * ```
  *
- * $scope.selected = { name: 'aSubItem' };
+ * This will work:
+ *
+ * ```html
+ * <select ng-options="item as item.label for item in items track by item.id" ng-model="selected"></select>
+ * ```
+ * ```js
+ * $scope.selected = $scope.items[0];
  * ```
  *
- * With the purpose of preserving the selection, the **`track by`** expression is always applied to the element
- * of the data source (to `item` in this example). To calculate whether an element is selected, we do the
- * following:
+ * but this will not work:
  *
- * 1. Apply **`track by`** to the elements in the array. In the example: `[1, 2]`
- * 2. Apply **`track by`** to the already selected value in `ngModel`.
- *    In the example: this is not possible as **`track by`** refers to `item.id`, but the selected
- *    value from `ngModel` is `{name: 'aSubItem'}`, so the **`track by`** expression is applied to
- *    a wrong object, the selected element can't be found, `<select>` is always reset to the "not
- *    selected" option.
+ * ```html
+ * <select ng-options="item.subItem as item.label for item in items track by item.id" ng-model="selected"></select>
+ * ```
+ * ```js
+ * $scope.selected = $scope.items[0].subItem;
+ * ```
+ *
+ * In both examples, the **`track by`** expression is applied successfully to each `item` in the
+ * `items` array. Because the selected option has been set programmatically in the controller, the
+ * **`track by`** expression is also applied to the `ngModel` value. In the first example, the
+ * `ngModel` value is `items[0]` and the **`track by`** expression evaluates to `items[0].id` with
+ * no issue. In the second example, the `ngModel` value is `items[0].subItem` and the **`track by`**
+ * expression evaluates to `items[0].subItem.id` (which is undefined). As a result, the model value
+ * is not matched against any `<option>` and the `<select>` appears as having no selected value.
  *
  *
  * @param {string} ngModel Assignable angular expression to data-bind to.
@@ -26046,8 +27657,8 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
           var key = (optionValues === optionValuesKeys) ? index : optionValuesKeys[index];
           var value = optionValues[key];
 
-          var locals = getLocals(optionValues[key], key);
-          var selectValue = getTrackByValueFn(optionValues[key], locals);
+          var locals = getLocals(value, key);
+          var selectValue = getTrackByValueFn(value, locals);
           watchedArray.push(selectValue);
 
           // Only need to watch the displayFn if there is a specific label expression
@@ -26113,17 +27724,10 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
   var optionTemplate = document.createElement('option'),
       optGroupTemplate = document.createElement('optgroup');
 
-  return {
-    restrict: 'A',
-    terminal: true,
-    require: ['select', '?ngModel'],
-    link: function(scope, selectElement, attr, ctrls) {
-
-      // if ngModel is not defined, we don't need to do anything
-      var ngModelCtrl = ctrls[1];
-      if (!ngModelCtrl) return;
+    function ngOptionsPostLink(scope, selectElement, attr, ctrls) {
 
       var selectCtrl = ctrls[0];
+      var ngModelCtrl = ctrls[1];
       var multiple = attr.multiple;
 
       // The emptyOption allows the application developer to provide their own custom "empty"
@@ -26172,7 +27776,6 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
         unknownOption.remove();
       };
 
-
       // Update the controller methods for multiple selectable options
       if (!multiple) {
 
@@ -26180,14 +27783,20 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
           var option = options.getOptionFromViewValue(value);
 
           if (option && !option.disabled) {
+            // Don't update the option when it is already selected.
+            // For example, the browser will select the first option by default. In that case,
+            // most properties are set automatically - except the `selected` attribute, which we
+            // set always
+
             if (selectElement[0].value !== option.selectValue) {
               removeUnknownOption();
               removeEmptyOption();
 
               selectElement[0].value = option.selectValue;
               option.element.selected = true;
-              option.element.setAttribute('selected', 'selected');
             }
+
+            option.element.setAttribute('selected', 'selected');
           } else {
             if (value === null || providedEmptyOption) {
               removeUnknownOption();
@@ -26247,7 +27856,7 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
 
           forEach(selectedValues, function(value) {
             var option = options.selectValueMap[value];
-            if (!option.disabled) selections.push(options.getViewValueFromOption(option));
+            if (option && !option.disabled) selections.push(options.getViewValueFromOption(option));
           });
 
           return selections;
@@ -26300,11 +27909,16 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
       function updateOptionElement(option, element) {
         option.element = element;
         element.disabled = option.disabled;
-        if (option.value !== element.value) element.value = option.selectValue;
+        // NOTE: The label must be set before the value, otherwise IE10/11/EDGE create unresponsive
+        // selects in certain circumstances when multiple selects are next to each other and display
+        // the option list in listbox style, i.e. the select is [multiple], or specifies a [size].
+        // See https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/11314 for more info.
+        // This is unfortunately untestable with unit / e2e tests
         if (option.label !== element.label) {
           element.label = option.label;
           element.textContent = option.label;
         }
+        if (option.value !== element.value) element.value = option.selectValue;
       }
 
       function addOrReuseElement(parent, current, type, templateElement) {
@@ -26342,10 +27956,15 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
         var emptyOption_ = emptyOption && emptyOption[0];
         var unknownOption_ = unknownOption && unknownOption[0];
 
+        // We cannot rely on the extracted empty option being the same as the compiled empty option,
+        // because the compiled empty option might have been replaced by a comment because
+        // it had an "element" transclusion directive on it (such as ngIf)
         if (emptyOption_ || unknownOption_) {
           while (current &&
                 (current === emptyOption_ ||
-                current === unknownOption_)) {
+                current === unknownOption_ ||
+                current.nodeType === NODE_TYPE_COMMENT ||
+                (nodeName_(current) === 'option' && current.value === ''))) {
             current = current.nextSibling;
           }
         }
@@ -26374,7 +27993,7 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
           var groupElement;
           var optionElement;
 
-          if (option.group) {
+          if (isDefined(option.group)) {
 
             // This option is to live in a group
             // See if we have already created this group
@@ -26435,14 +28054,28 @@ var ngOptionsDirective = ['$compile', '$parse', function($compile, $parse) {
         // Check to see if the value has changed due to the update to the options
         if (!ngModelCtrl.$isEmpty(previousValue)) {
           var nextValue = selectCtrl.readValue();
-          if (ngOptions.trackBy ? !equals(previousValue, nextValue) : previousValue !== nextValue) {
+          var isNotPrimitive = ngOptions.trackBy || multiple;
+          if (isNotPrimitive ? !equals(previousValue, nextValue) : previousValue !== nextValue) {
             ngModelCtrl.$setViewValue(nextValue);
             ngModelCtrl.$render();
           }
         }
 
       }
+  }
 
+  return {
+    restrict: 'A',
+    terminal: true,
+    require: ['select', 'ngModel'],
+    link: {
+      pre: function ngOptionsPreLink(scope, selectElement, attr, ctrls) {
+        // Deactivate the SelectController.register method to prevent
+        // option directives from accidentally registering themselves
+        // (and unwanted $destroy handlers etc.)
+        ctrls[0].registerOption = noop;
+      },
+      post: ngOptionsPostLink
     }
   };
 }];
@@ -26662,7 +28295,7 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
         }
 
         // If both `count` and `lastCount` are NaN, we don't need to re-register a watch.
-        // In JS `NaN !== NaN`, so we have to exlicitly check.
+        // In JS `NaN !== NaN`, so we have to explicitly check.
         if ((count !== lastCount) && !(countIsNaN && isNumber(lastCount) && isNaN(lastCount))) {
           watchRemover();
           var whenExpFn = whensExpFns[count];
@@ -26707,8 +28340,10 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
  * | `$even`   | {@type boolean} | true if the iterator position `$index` is even (otherwise false).           |
  * | `$odd`    | {@type boolean} | true if the iterator position `$index` is odd (otherwise false).            |
  *
- * Creating aliases for these properties is possible with {@link ng.directive:ngInit `ngInit`}.
- * This may be useful when, for instance, nesting ngRepeats.
+ * <div class="alert alert-info">
+ *   Creating aliases for these properties is possible with {@link ng.directive:ngInit `ngInit`}.
+ *   This may be useful when, for instance, nesting ngRepeats.
+ * </div>
  *
  *
  * # Iterating over object properties
@@ -26720,32 +28355,44 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
  * <div ng-repeat="(key, value) in myObj"> ... </div>
  * ```
  *
- * You need to be aware that the JavaScript specification does not define the order of keys
- * returned for an object. (To mitigate this in Angular 1.3 the `ngRepeat` directive
- * used to sort the keys alphabetically.)
+ * However, there are a limitations compared to array iteration:
+ *
+ * - The JavaScript specification does not define the order of keys
+ *   returned for an object, so Angular relies on the order returned by the browser
+ *   when running `for key in myObj`. Browsers generally follow the strategy of providing
+ *   keys in the order in which they were defined, although there are exceptions when keys are deleted
+ *   and reinstated. See the
+ *   [MDN page on `delete` for more info](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/delete#Cross-browser_notes).
  *
- * Version 1.4 removed the alphabetic sorting. We now rely on the order returned by the browser
- * when running `for key in myObj`. It seems that browsers generally follow the strategy of providing
- * keys in the order in which they were defined, although there are exceptions when keys are deleted
- * and reinstated. See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/delete#Cross-browser_issues
+ * - `ngRepeat` will silently *ignore* object keys starting with `$`, because
+ *   it's a prefix used by Angular for public (`$`) and private (`$$`) properties.
  *
- * If this is not desired, the recommended workaround is to convert your object into an array
- * that is sorted into the order that you prefer before providing it to `ngRepeat`.  You could
+ * - The built-in filters {@link ng.orderBy orderBy} and {@link ng.filter filter} do not work with
+ *   objects, and will throw if used with one.
+ *
+ * If you are hitting any of these limitations, the recommended workaround is to convert your object into an array
+ * that is sorted into the order that you prefer before providing it to `ngRepeat`. You could
  * do this with a filter such as [toArrayFilter](http://ngmodules.org/modules/angular-toArrayFilter)
  * or implement a `$watch` on the object yourself.
  *
  *
  * # Tracking and Duplicates
  *
- * When the contents of the collection change, `ngRepeat` makes the corresponding changes to the DOM:
+ * `ngRepeat` uses {@link $rootScope.Scope#$watchCollection $watchCollection} to detect changes in
+ * the collection. When a change happens, ngRepeat then makes the corresponding changes to the DOM:
  *
  * * When an item is added, a new instance of the template is added to the DOM.
  * * When an item is removed, its template instance is removed from the DOM.
  * * When items are reordered, their respective templates are reordered in the DOM.
  *
- * By default, `ngRepeat` does not allow duplicate items in arrays. This is because when
- * there are duplicates, it is not possible to maintain a one-to-one mapping between collection
- * items and DOM elements.
+ * To minimize creation of DOM elements, `ngRepeat` uses a function
+ * to "keep track" of all items in the collection and their corresponding DOM elements.
+ * For example, if an item is added to the collection, ngRepeat will know that all other items
+ * already have DOM elements, and will not re-render them.
+ *
+ * The default tracking function (which tracks items by their identity) does not allow
+ * duplicate items in arrays. This is because when there are duplicates, it is not possible
+ * to maintain a one-to-one mapping between collection items and DOM elements.
  *
  * If you do need to repeat duplicate items, you can substitute the default tracking behavior
  * with your own using the `track by` expression.
@@ -26758,7 +28405,7 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
  *    </div>
  * ```
  *
- * You may use arbitrary expressions in `track by`, including references to custom functions
+ * You may also use arbitrary expressions in `track by`, including references to custom functions
  * on the scope:
  * ```html
  *    <div ng-repeat="n in [42, 42, 43, 43] track by myTrackingFunction(n)">
@@ -26766,10 +28413,14 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
  *    </div>
  * ```
  *
- * If you are working with objects that have an identifier property, you can track
+ * <div class="alert alert-success">
+ * If you are working with objects that have an identifier property, you should track
  * by the identifier instead of the whole object. Should you reload your data later, `ngRepeat`
  * will not have to rebuild the DOM elements for items it has already rendered, even if the
- * JavaScript objects in the collection have been substituted for new ones:
+ * JavaScript objects in the collection have been substituted for new ones. For large collections,
+ * this significantly improves rendering performance. If you don't have a unique identifier,
+ * `track by $index` can also provide a performance boost.
+ * </div>
  * ```html
  *    <div ng-repeat="model in collection track by model.id">
  *      {{model.name}}
@@ -26838,11 +28489,13 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
  * as **data-ng-repeat-start**, **x-ng-repeat-start** and **ng:repeat-start**).
  *
  * @animations
- * **.enter** - when a new item is added to the list or when an item is revealed after a filter
+ * | Animation                        | Occurs                              |
+ * |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#enter enter} | when a new item is added to the list or when an item is revealed after a filter |
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#leave leave} | when an item is removed from the list or when an item is filtered out |
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#move move } | when an adjacent item is filtered out causing a reorder or when the item contents are reordered |
  *
- * **.leave** - when an item is removed from the list or when an item is filtered out
- *
- * **.move** - when an adjacent item is filtered out causing a reorder or when the item contents are reordered
+ * See the example below for defining CSS animations with ngRepeat.
  *
  * @element ANY
  * @scope
@@ -26896,22 +28549,11 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
  *     For example: `item in items | filter : x | orderBy : order | limitTo : limit as results` .
  *
  * @example
- * This example initializes the scope to a list of names and
- * then uses `ngRepeat` to display every person:
-  <example module="ngAnimate" deps="angular-animate.js" animations="true">
+ * This example uses `ngRepeat` to display a list of people. A filter is used to restrict the displayed
+ * results by name. New (entering) and removed (leaving) items are animated.
+  <example module="ngRepeat" name="ngRepeat" deps="angular-animate.js" animations="true">
     <file name="index.html">
-      <div ng-init="friends = [
-        {name:'John', age:25, gender:'boy'},
-        {name:'Jessie', age:30, gender:'girl'},
-        {name:'Johanna', age:28, gender:'girl'},
-        {name:'Joy', age:15, gender:'girl'},
-        {name:'Mary', age:28, gender:'girl'},
-        {name:'Peter', age:95, gender:'boy'},
-        {name:'Sebastian', age:50, gender:'boy'},
-        {name:'Erika', age:27, gender:'girl'},
-        {name:'Patrick', age:40, gender:'boy'},
-        {name:'Samantha', age:60, gender:'girl'}
-      ]">
+      <div ng-controller="repeatController">
         I have {{friends.length}} friends. They are:
         <input type="search" ng-model="q" placeholder="filter friends..." aria-label="filter friends" />
         <ul class="example-animate-container">
@@ -26924,6 +28566,22 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
         </ul>
       </div>
     </file>
+    <file name="script.js">
+      angular.module('ngRepeat', ['ngAnimate']).controller('repeatController', function($scope) {
+        $scope.friends = [
+          {name:'John', age:25, gender:'boy'},
+          {name:'Jessie', age:30, gender:'girl'},
+          {name:'Johanna', age:28, gender:'girl'},
+          {name:'Joy', age:15, gender:'girl'},
+          {name:'Mary', age:28, gender:'girl'},
+          {name:'Peter', age:95, gender:'boy'},
+          {name:'Sebastian', age:50, gender:'boy'},
+          {name:'Erika', age:27, gender:'girl'},
+          {name:'Patrick', age:40, gender:'boy'},
+          {name:'Samantha', age:60, gender:'girl'}
+        ];
+      });
+    </file>
     <file name="animations.css">
       .example-animate-container {
         background:white;
@@ -26934,7 +28592,7 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
       }
 
       .animate-repeat {
-        line-height:40px;
+        line-height:30px;
         list-style:none;
         box-sizing:border-box;
       }
@@ -26942,7 +28600,6 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
       .animate-repeat.ng-move,
       .animate-repeat.ng-enter,
       .animate-repeat.ng-leave {
-        -webkit-transition:all linear 0.5s;
         transition:all linear 0.5s;
       }
 
@@ -26957,7 +28614,7 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
       .animate-repeat.ng-move.ng-move-active,
       .animate-repeat.ng-enter.ng-enter-active {
         opacity:1;
-        max-height:40px;
+        max-height:30px;
       }
     </file>
     <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
@@ -26984,7 +28641,7 @@ var ngPluralizeDirective = ['$locale', '$interpolate', '$log', function($locale,
       </file>
     </example>
  */
-var ngRepeatDirective = ['$parse', '$animate', function($parse, $animate) {
+var ngRepeatDirective = ['$parse', '$animate', '$compile', function($parse, $animate, $compile) {
   var NG_REMOVED = '$$NG_REMOVED';
   var ngRepeatMinErr = minErr('ngRepeat');
 
@@ -27019,7 +28676,7 @@ var ngRepeatDirective = ['$parse', '$animate', function($parse, $animate) {
     $$tlb: true,
     compile: function ngRepeatCompile($element, $attr) {
       var expression = $attr.ngRepeat;
-      var ngRepeatEndComment = document.createComment(' end ngRepeat: ' + expression + ' ');
+      var ngRepeatEndComment = $compile.$$createComment('end ngRepeat', expression);
 
       var match = expression.match(/^\s*([\s\S]+?)\s+in\s+([\s\S]+?)(?:\s+as\s+([\s\S]+?))?(?:\s+track\s+by\s+([\s\S]+?))?\s*$/);
 
@@ -27114,7 +28771,7 @@ var ngRepeatDirective = ['$parse', '$animate', function($parse, $animate) {
             // if object, extract keys, in enumeration order, unsorted
             collectionKeys = [];
             for (var itemKey in collection) {
-              if (collection.hasOwnProperty(itemKey) && itemKey.charAt(0) !== '$') {
+              if (hasOwnProperty.call(collection, itemKey) && itemKey.charAt(0) !== '$') {
                 collectionKeys.push(itemKey);
               }
             }
@@ -27183,7 +28840,7 @@ var ngRepeatDirective = ['$parse', '$animate', function($parse, $animate) {
 
               if (getBlockStart(block) != nextNode) {
                 // existing item which got moved
-                $animate.move(getBlockNodes(block.clone), null, jqLite(previousNode));
+                $animate.move(getBlockNodes(block.clone), null, previousNode);
               }
               previousNode = getBlockEnd(block);
               updateScope(block.scope, index, valueIdentifier, value, keyIdentifier, key, collectionLength);
@@ -27195,8 +28852,7 @@ var ngRepeatDirective = ['$parse', '$animate', function($parse, $animate) {
                 var endNode = ngRepeatEndComment.cloneNode(false);
                 clone[clone.length++] = endNode;
 
-                // TODO(perf): support naked previousNode in `enter` to avoid creation of jqLite wrapper?
-                $animate.enter(clone, null, jqLite(previousNode));
+                $animate.enter(clone, null, previousNode);
                 previousNode = endNode;
                 // Note: We only need the first/last node of the cloned nodes.
                 // However, we need to keep the reference to the jqlite wrapper as it might be changed later
@@ -27299,12 +28955,14 @@ var NG_HIDE_IN_PROGRESS_CLASS = 'ng-hide-animate';
  * .my-element.ng-hide-remove.ng-hide-remove-active { ... }
  * ```
  *
- * Keep in mind that, as of AngularJS version 1.3.0-beta.11, there is no need to change the display
+ * Keep in mind that, as of AngularJS version 1.3, there is no need to change the display
  * property to block during animation states--ngAnimate will handle the style toggling automatically for you.
  *
  * @animations
- * addClass: `.ng-hide` - happens after the `ngShow` expression evaluates to a truthy value and the just before contents are set to visible
- * removeClass: `.ng-hide` - happens after the `ngShow` expression evaluates to a non truthy value and just before the contents are set to hidden
+ * | Animation                        | Occurs                              |
+ * |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
+ * | {@link $animate#addClass addClass} `.ng-hide`  | after the `ngShow` expression evaluates to a non truthy value and just before the contents are set to hidden |
+ * | {@link $animate#removeClass removeClass}  `.ng-hide`  | after the `ngShow` expression evaluates to a truthy value and just before contents are set to visible |
  *
  * @element ANY
  * @param {expression} ngShow If the {@link guide/expression expression} is truthy
@@ -27339,9 +28997,7 @@ var NG_HIDE_IN_PROGRESS_CLASS = 'ng-hide-animate';
         background: white;
       }
 
-      .animate-show.ng-hide-add.ng-hide-add-active,
-      .animate-show.ng-hide-remove.ng-hide-remove-active {
-        -webkit-transition: all linear 0.5s;
+      .animate-show.ng-hide-add, .animate-show.ng-hide-remove {
         transition: all linear 0.5s;
       }
 
@@ -27465,12 +29121,15 @@ var ngShowDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
  * .my-element.ng-hide-remove.ng-hide-remove-active { ... }
  * ```
  *
- * Keep in mind that, as of AngularJS version 1.3.0-beta.11, there is no need to change the display
+ * Keep in mind that, as of AngularJS version 1.3, there is no need to change the display
  * property to block during animation states--ngAnimate will handle the style toggling automatically for you.
  *
  * @animations
- * removeClass: `.ng-hide` - happens after the `ngHide` expression evaluates to a truthy value and just before the contents are set to hidden
- * addClass: `.ng-hide` - happens after the `ngHide` expression evaluates to a non truthy value and just before the contents are set to visible
+ * | Animation                        | Occurs                              |
+ * |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
+ * | {@link $animate#addClass addClass} `.ng-hide`  | after the `ngHide` expression evaluates to a truthy value and just before the contents are set to hidden |
+ * | {@link $animate#removeClass removeClass}  `.ng-hide`  | after the `ngHide` expression evaluates to a non truthy value and just before contents are set to visible |
+ *
  *
  * @element ANY
  * @param {expression} ngHide If the {@link guide/expression expression} is truthy then
@@ -27498,7 +29157,6 @@ var ngShowDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
     </file>
     <file name="animations.css">
       .animate-hide {
-        -webkit-transition: all linear 0.5s;
         transition: all linear 0.5s;
         line-height: 20px;
         opacity: 1;
@@ -27633,8 +29291,10 @@ var ngStyleDirective = ngDirective(function(scope, element, attr) {
  * </div>
 
  * @animations
- * enter - happens after the ngSwitch contents change and the matched child element is placed inside the container
- * leave - happens just after the ngSwitch contents change and just before the former contents are removed from the DOM
+ * | Animation                        | Occurs                              |
+ * |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#enter enter}  | after the ngSwitch contents change and the matched child element is placed inside the container |
+ * | {@link ng.$animate#leave leave}  | after the ngSwitch contents change and just before the former contents are removed from the DOM |
  *
  * @usage
  *
@@ -27697,7 +29357,6 @@ var ngStyleDirective = ngDirective(function(scope, element, attr) {
       }
 
       .animate-switch.ng-animate {
-        -webkit-transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;
         transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;
 
         position:absolute;
@@ -27734,7 +29393,7 @@ var ngStyleDirective = ngDirective(function(scope, element, attr) {
     </file>
   </example>
  */
-var ngSwitchDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
+var ngSwitchDirective = ['$animate', '$compile', function($animate, $compile) {
   return {
     require: 'ngSwitch',
 
@@ -27775,7 +29434,7 @@ var ngSwitchDirective = ['$animate', function($animate) {
             selectedTransclude.transclude(function(caseElement, selectedScope) {
               selectedScopes.push(selectedScope);
               var anchor = selectedTransclude.element;
-              caseElement[caseElement.length++] = document.createComment(' end ngSwitchWhen: ');
+              caseElement[caseElement.length++] = $compile.$$createComment('end ngSwitchWhen');
               var block = { clone: caseElement };
 
               selectedElements.push(block);
@@ -27818,67 +29477,186 @@ var ngSwitchDefaultDirective = ngDirective({
  * @description
  * Directive that marks the insertion point for the transcluded DOM of the nearest parent directive that uses transclusion.
  *
- * Any existing content of the element that this directive is placed on will be removed before the transcluded content is inserted.
+ * You can specify that you want to insert a named transclusion slot, instead of the default slot, by providing the slot name
+ * as the value of the `ng-transclude` or `ng-transclude-slot` attribute.
+ *
+ * If the transcluded content is not empty (i.e. contains one or more DOM nodes, including whitespace text nodes), any existing
+ * content of this element will be removed before the transcluded content is inserted.
+ * If the transcluded content is empty, the existing content is left intact. This lets you provide fallback content in the case
+ * that no transcluded content is provided.
  *
  * @element ANY
  *
+ * @param {string} ngTransclude|ngTranscludeSlot the name of the slot to insert at this point. If this is not provided, is empty
+ *                                               or its value is the same as the name of the attribute then the default slot is used.
+ *
  * @example
-   <example module="transcludeExample">
-     <file name="index.html">
-       <script>
-         angular.module('transcludeExample', [])
-          .directive('pane', function(){
-             return {
-               restrict: 'E',
-               transclude: true,
-               scope: { title:'@' },
-               template: '<div style="border: 1px solid black;">' +
-                           '<div style="background-color: gray">{{title}}</div>' +
-                           '<ng-transclude></ng-transclude>' +
-                         '</div>'
-             };
-         })
-         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
-           $scope.title = 'Lorem Ipsum';
-           $scope.text = 'Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor...';
-         }]);
-       </script>
-       <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
-         <input ng-model="title" aria-label="title"> <br/>
-         <textarea ng-model="text" aria-label="text"></textarea> <br/>
-         <pane title="{{title}}">{{text}}</pane>
-       </div>
-     </file>
-     <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
-        it('should have transcluded', function() {
-          var titleElement = element(by.model('title'));
-          titleElement.clear();
-          titleElement.sendKeys('TITLE');
-          var textElement = element(by.model('text'));
-          textElement.clear();
-          textElement.sendKeys('TEXT');
-          expect(element(by.binding('title')).getText()).toEqual('TITLE');
-          expect(element(by.binding('text')).getText()).toEqual('TEXT');
-        });
-     </file>
-   </example>
+ * ### Basic transclusion
+ * This example demonstrates basic transclusion of content into a component directive.
+ * <example name="simpleTranscludeExample" module="transcludeExample">
+ *   <file name="index.html">
+ *     <script>
+ *       angular.module('transcludeExample', [])
+ *        .directive('pane', function(){
+ *           return {
+ *             restrict: 'E',
+ *             transclude: true,
+ *             scope: { title:'@' },
+ *             template: '<div style="border: 1px solid black;">' +
+ *                         '<div style="background-color: gray">{{title}}</div>' +
+ *                         '<ng-transclude></ng-transclude>' +
+ *                       '</div>'
+ *           };
+ *       })
+ *       .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *         $scope.title = 'Lorem Ipsum';
+ *         $scope.text = 'Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor...';
+ *       }]);
+ *     </script>
+ *     <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *       <input ng-model="title" aria-label="title"> <br/>
+ *       <textarea ng-model="text" aria-label="text"></textarea> <br/>
+ *       <pane title="{{title}}">{{text}}</pane>
+ *     </div>
+ *   </file>
+ *   <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
+ *      it('should have transcluded', function() {
+ *        var titleElement = element(by.model('title'));
+ *        titleElement.clear();
+ *        titleElement.sendKeys('TITLE');
+ *        var textElement = element(by.model('text'));
+ *        textElement.clear();
+ *        textElement.sendKeys('TEXT');
+ *        expect(element(by.binding('title')).getText()).toEqual('TITLE');
+ *        expect(element(by.binding('text')).getText()).toEqual('TEXT');
+ *      });
+ *   </file>
+ * </example>
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ### Transclude fallback content
+ * This example shows how to use `NgTransclude` with fallback content, that
+ * is displayed if no transcluded content is provided.
+ *
+ * <example module="transcludeFallbackContentExample">
+ * <file name="index.html">
+ * <script>
+ * angular.module('transcludeFallbackContentExample', [])
+ * .directive('myButton', function(){
+ *             return {
+ *               restrict: 'E',
+ *               transclude: true,
+ *               scope: true,
+ *               template: '<button style="cursor: pointer;">' +
+ *                           '<ng-transclude>' +
+ *                             '<b style="color: red;">Button1</b>' +
+ *                           '</ng-transclude>' +
+ *                         '</button>'
+ *             };
+ *         });
+ * </script>
+ * <!-- fallback button content -->
+ * <my-button id="fallback"></my-button>
+ * <!-- modified button content -->
+ * <my-button id="modified">
+ *   <i style="color: green;">Button2</i>
+ * </my-button>
+ * </file>
+ * <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
+ * it('should have different transclude element content', function() {
+ *          expect(element(by.id('fallback')).getText()).toBe('Button1');
+ *          expect(element(by.id('modified')).getText()).toBe('Button2');
+ *        });
+ * </file>
+ * </example>
  *
+ * @example
+ * ### Multi-slot transclusion
+ * This example demonstrates using multi-slot transclusion in a component directive.
+ * <example name="multiSlotTranscludeExample" module="multiSlotTranscludeExample">
+ *   <file name="index.html">
+ *    <style>
+ *      .title, .footer {
+ *        background-color: gray
+ *      }
+ *    </style>
+ *    <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *      <input ng-model="title" aria-label="title"> <br/>
+ *      <textarea ng-model="text" aria-label="text"></textarea> <br/>
+ *      <pane>
+ *        <pane-title><a ng-href="{{link}}">{{title}}</a></pane-title>
+ *        <pane-body><p>{{text}}</p></pane-body>
+ *      </pane>
+ *    </div>
+ *   </file>
+ *   <file name="app.js">
+ *    angular.module('multiSlotTranscludeExample', [])
+ *     .directive('pane', function(){
+ *        return {
+ *          restrict: 'E',
+ *          transclude: {
+ *            'title': '?paneTitle',
+ *            'body': 'paneBody',
+ *            'footer': '?paneFooter'
+ *          },
+ *          template: '<div style="border: 1px solid black;">' +
+ *                      '<div class="title" ng-transclude="title">Fallback Title</div>' +
+ *                      '<div ng-transclude="body"></div>' +
+ *                      '<div class="footer" ng-transclude="footer">Fallback Footer</div>' +
+ *                    '</div>'
+ *        };
+ *    })
+ *    .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *      $scope.title = 'Lorem Ipsum';
+ *      $scope.link = "https://google.com";
+ *      $scope.text = 'Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor...';
+ *    }]);
+ *   </file>
+ *   <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
+ *      it('should have transcluded the title and the body', function() {
+ *        var titleElement = element(by.model('title'));
+ *        titleElement.clear();
+ *        titleElement.sendKeys('TITLE');
+ *        var textElement = element(by.model('text'));
+ *        textElement.clear();
+ *        textElement.sendKeys('TEXT');
+ *        expect(element(by.css('.title')).getText()).toEqual('TITLE');
+ *        expect(element(by.binding('text')).getText()).toEqual('TEXT');
+ *        expect(element(by.css('.footer')).getText()).toEqual('Fallback Footer');
+ *      });
+ *   </file>
+ * </example>
  */
+var ngTranscludeMinErr = minErr('ngTransclude');
 var ngTranscludeDirective = ngDirective({
   restrict: 'EAC',
   link: function($scope, $element, $attrs, controller, $transclude) {
+
+    if ($attrs.ngTransclude === $attrs.$attr.ngTransclude) {
+      // If the attribute is of the form: `ng-transclude="ng-transclude"`
+      // then treat it like the default
+      $attrs.ngTransclude = '';
+    }
+
+    function ngTranscludeCloneAttachFn(clone) {
+      if (clone.length) {
+        $element.empty();
+        $element.append(clone);
+      }
+    }
+
     if (!$transclude) {
-      throw minErr('ngTransclude')('orphan',
+      throw ngTranscludeMinErr('orphan',
        'Illegal use of ngTransclude directive in the template! ' +
        'No parent directive that requires a transclusion found. ' +
        'Element: {0}',
        startingTag($element));
     }
 
-    $transclude(function(clone) {
-      $element.empty();
-      $element.append(clone);
-    });
+    // If there is no slot name defined or the slot name is not optional
+    // then transclude the slot
+    var slotName = $attrs.ngTransclude || $attrs.ngTranscludeSlot;
+    $transclude(ngTranscludeCloneAttachFn, null, slotName);
   }
 });
 
@@ -27932,6 +29710,15 @@ var scriptDirective = ['$templateCache', function($templateCache) {
 
 var noopNgModelController = { $setViewValue: noop, $render: noop };
 
+function chromeHack(optionElement) {
+  // Workaround for https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=381459
+  // Adding an <option selected="selected"> element to a <select required="required"> should
+  // automatically select the new element
+  if (optionElement[0].hasAttribute('selected')) {
+    optionElement[0].selected = true;
+  }
+}
+
 /**
  * @ngdoc type
  * @name  select.SelectController
@@ -27941,7 +29728,7 @@ var noopNgModelController = { $setViewValue: noop, $render: noop };
  * added `<option>` elements, perhaps by an `ngRepeat` directive.
  */
 var SelectController =
-        ['$element', '$scope', '$attrs', function($element, $scope, $attrs) {
+        ['$element', '$scope', function($element, $scope) {
 
   var self = this,
       optionsMap = new HashMap();
@@ -28001,12 +29788,17 @@ var SelectController =
 
   // Tell the select control that an option, with the given value, has been added
   self.addOption = function(value, element) {
+    // Skip comment nodes, as they only pollute the `optionsMap`
+    if (element[0].nodeType === NODE_TYPE_COMMENT) return;
+
     assertNotHasOwnProperty(value, '"option value"');
     if (value === '') {
       self.emptyOption = element;
     }
     var count = optionsMap.get(value) || 0;
     optionsMap.put(value, count + 1);
+    self.ngModelCtrl.$render();
+    chromeHack(element);
   };
 
   // Tell the select control that an option, with the given value, has been removed
@@ -28028,6 +29820,39 @@ var SelectController =
   self.hasOption = function(value) {
     return !!optionsMap.get(value);
   };
+
+
+  self.registerOption = function(optionScope, optionElement, optionAttrs, interpolateValueFn, interpolateTextFn) {
+
+    if (interpolateValueFn) {
+      // The value attribute is interpolated
+      var oldVal;
+      optionAttrs.$observe('value', function valueAttributeObserveAction(newVal) {
+        if (isDefined(oldVal)) {
+          self.removeOption(oldVal);
+        }
+        oldVal = newVal;
+        self.addOption(newVal, optionElement);
+      });
+    } else if (interpolateTextFn) {
+      // The text content is interpolated
+      optionScope.$watch(interpolateTextFn, function interpolateWatchAction(newVal, oldVal) {
+        optionAttrs.$set('value', newVal);
+        if (oldVal !== newVal) {
+          self.removeOption(oldVal);
+        }
+        self.addOption(newVal, optionElement);
+      });
+    } else {
+      // The value attribute is static
+      self.addOption(optionAttrs.value, optionElement);
+    }
+
+    optionElement.on('$destroy', function() {
+      self.removeOption(optionAttrs.value);
+      self.ngModelCtrl.$render();
+    });
+  };
 }];
 
 /**
@@ -28038,31 +29863,164 @@ var SelectController =
  * @description
  * HTML `SELECT` element with angular data-binding.
  *
- * In many cases, `ngRepeat` can be used on `<option>` elements instead of {@link ng.directive:ngOptions
- * ngOptions} to achieve a similar result. However, `ngOptions` provides some benefits such as reducing
- * memory and increasing speed by not creating a new scope for each repeated instance, as well as providing
- * more flexibility in how the `<select>`'s model is assigned via the `select` **`as`** part of the
- * comprehension expression.
+ * The `select` directive is used together with {@link ngModel `ngModel`} to provide data-binding
+ * between the scope and the `<select>` control (including setting default values).
+ * It also handles dynamic `<option>` elements, which can be added using the {@link ngRepeat `ngRepeat}` or
+ * {@link ngOptions `ngOptions`} directives.
  *
- * When an item in the `<select>` menu is selected, the array element or object property
- * represented by the selected option will be bound to the model identified by the `ngModel`
- * directive.
+ * When an item in the `<select>` menu is selected, the value of the selected option will be bound
+ * to the model identified by the `ngModel` directive. With static or repeated options, this is
+ * the content of the `value` attribute or the textContent of the `<option>`, if the value attribute is missing.
+ * If you want dynamic value attributes, you can use interpolation inside the value attribute.
+ *
+ * <div class="alert alert-warning">
+ * Note that the value of a `select` directive used without `ngOptions` is always a string.
+ * When the model needs to be bound to a non-string value, you must either explicitly convert it
+ * using a directive (see example below) or use `ngOptions` to specify the set of options.
+ * This is because an option element can only be bound to string values at present.
+ * </div>
  *
- * If the viewValue contains a value that doesn't match any of the options then the control
- * will automatically add an "unknown" option, which it then removes when this is resolved.
+ * If the viewValue of `ngModel` does not match any of the options, then the control
+ * will automatically add an "unknown" option, which it then removes when the mismatch is resolved.
  *
  * Optionally, a single hard-coded `<option>` element, with the value set to an empty string, can
  * be nested into the `<select>` element. This element will then represent the `null` or "not selected"
  * option. See example below for demonstration.
  *
  * <div class="alert alert-info">
- * The value of a `select` directive used without `ngOptions` is always a string.
- * When the model needs to be bound to a non-string value, you must either explictly convert it
- * using a directive (see example below) or use `ngOptions` to specify the set of options.
- * This is because an option element can only be bound to string values at present.
+ * In many cases, `ngRepeat` can be used on `<option>` elements instead of {@link ng.directive:ngOptions
+ * ngOptions} to achieve a similar result. However, `ngOptions` provides some benefits, such as
+ * more flexibility in how the `<select>`'s model is assigned via the `select` **`as`** part of the
+ * comprehension expression, and additionally in reducing memory and increasing speed by not creating
+ * a new scope for each repeated instance.
  * </div>
  *
- * ### Example (binding `select` to a non-string value)
+ *
+ * @param {string} ngModel Assignable angular expression to data-bind to.
+ * @param {string=} name Property name of the form under which the control is published.
+ * @param {string=} multiple Allows multiple options to be selected. The selected values will be
+ *     bound to the model as an array.
+ * @param {string=} required Sets `required` validation error key if the value is not entered.
+ * @param {string=} ngRequired Adds required attribute and required validation constraint to
+ * the element when the ngRequired expression evaluates to true. Use ngRequired instead of required
+ * when you want to data-bind to the required attribute.
+ * @param {string=} ngChange Angular expression to be executed when selected option(s) changes due to user
+ *    interaction with the select element.
+ * @param {string=} ngOptions sets the options that the select is populated with and defines what is
+ * set on the model on selection. See {@link ngOptions `ngOptions`}.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ### Simple `select` elements with static options
+ *
+ * <example name="static-select" module="staticSelect">
+ * <file name="index.html">
+ * <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *   <form name="myForm">
+ *     <label for="singleSelect"> Single select: </label><br>
+ *     <select name="singleSelect" ng-model="data.singleSelect">
+ *       <option value="option-1">Option 1</option>
+ *       <option value="option-2">Option 2</option>
+ *     </select><br>
+ *
+ *     <label for="singleSelect"> Single select with "not selected" option and dynamic option values: </label><br>
+ *     <select name="singleSelect" id="singleSelect" ng-model="data.singleSelect">
+ *       <option value="">---Please select---</option> <!-- not selected / blank option -->
+ *       <option value="{{data.option1}}">Option 1</option> <!-- interpolation -->
+ *       <option value="option-2">Option 2</option>
+ *     </select><br>
+ *     <button ng-click="forceUnknownOption()">Force unknown option</button><br>
+ *     <tt>singleSelect = {{data.singleSelect}}</tt>
+ *
+ *     <hr>
+ *     <label for="multipleSelect"> Multiple select: </label><br>
+ *     <select name="multipleSelect" id="multipleSelect" ng-model="data.multipleSelect" multiple>
+ *       <option value="option-1">Option 1</option>
+ *       <option value="option-2">Option 2</option>
+ *       <option value="option-3">Option 3</option>
+ *     </select><br>
+ *     <tt>multipleSelect = {{data.multipleSelect}}</tt><br/>
+ *   </form>
+ * </div>
+ * </file>
+ * <file name="app.js">
+ *  angular.module('staticSelect', [])
+ *    .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *      $scope.data = {
+ *       singleSelect: null,
+ *       multipleSelect: [],
+ *       option1: 'option-1',
+ *      };
+ *
+ *      $scope.forceUnknownOption = function() {
+ *        $scope.data.singleSelect = 'nonsense';
+ *      };
+ *   }]);
+ * </file>
+ *</example>
+ *
+ * ### Using `ngRepeat` to generate `select` options
+ * <example name="ngrepeat-select" module="ngrepeatSelect">
+ * <file name="index.html">
+ * <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *   <form name="myForm">
+ *     <label for="repeatSelect"> Repeat select: </label>
+ *     <select name="repeatSelect" id="repeatSelect" ng-model="data.repeatSelect">
+ *       <option ng-repeat="option in data.availableOptions" value="{{option.id}}">{{option.name}}</option>
+ *     </select>
+ *   </form>
+ *   <hr>
+ *   <tt>repeatSelect = {{data.repeatSelect}}</tt><br/>
+ * </div>
+ * </file>
+ * <file name="app.js">
+ *  angular.module('ngrepeatSelect', [])
+ *    .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *      $scope.data = {
+ *       repeatSelect: null,
+ *       availableOptions: [
+ *         {id: '1', name: 'Option A'},
+ *         {id: '2', name: 'Option B'},
+ *         {id: '3', name: 'Option C'}
+ *       ],
+ *      };
+ *   }]);
+ * </file>
+ *</example>
+ *
+ *
+ * ### Using `select` with `ngOptions` and setting a default value
+ * See the {@link ngOptions ngOptions documentation} for more `ngOptions` usage examples.
+ *
+ * <example name="select-with-default-values" module="defaultValueSelect">
+ * <file name="index.html">
+ * <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *   <form name="myForm">
+ *     <label for="mySelect">Make a choice:</label>
+ *     <select name="mySelect" id="mySelect"
+ *       ng-options="option.name for option in data.availableOptions track by option.id"
+ *       ng-model="data.selectedOption"></select>
+ *   </form>
+ *   <hr>
+ *   <tt>option = {{data.selectedOption}}</tt><br/>
+ * </div>
+ * </file>
+ * <file name="app.js">
+ *  angular.module('defaultValueSelect', [])
+ *    .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *      $scope.data = {
+ *       availableOptions: [
+ *         {id: '1', name: 'Option A'},
+ *         {id: '2', name: 'Option B'},
+ *         {id: '3', name: 'Option C'}
+ *       ],
+ *       selectedOption: {id: '3', name: 'Option C'} //This sets the default value of the select in the ui
+ *       };
+ *   }]);
+ * </file>
+ *</example>
+ *
+ *
+ * ### Binding `select` to a non-string value via `ngModel` parsing / formatting
  *
  * <example name="select-with-non-string-options" module="nonStringSelect">
  *   <file name="index.html">
@@ -28107,7 +30065,14 @@ var selectDirective = function() {
     restrict: 'E',
     require: ['select', '?ngModel'],
     controller: SelectController,
-    link: function(scope, element, attr, ctrls) {
+    priority: 1,
+    link: {
+      pre: selectPreLink,
+      post: selectPostLink
+    }
+  };
+
+  function selectPreLink(scope, element, attr, ctrls) {
 
       // if ngModel is not defined, we don't need to do anything
       var ngModelCtrl = ctrls[1];
@@ -28117,13 +30082,6 @@ var selectDirective = function() {
 
       selectCtrl.ngModelCtrl = ngModelCtrl;
 
-      // We delegate rendering to the `writeValue` method, which can be changed
-      // if the select can have multiple selected values or if the options are being
-      // generated by `ngOptions`
-      ngModelCtrl.$render = function() {
-        selectCtrl.writeValue(ngModelCtrl.$viewValue);
-      };
-
       // When the selected item(s) changes we delegate getting the value of the select control
       // to the `readValue` method, which can be changed if the select can have multiple
       // selected values or if the options are being generated by `ngOptions`
@@ -28177,7 +30135,23 @@ var selectDirective = function() {
 
       }
     }
-  };
+
+    function selectPostLink(scope, element, attrs, ctrls) {
+      // if ngModel is not defined, we don't need to do anything
+      var ngModelCtrl = ctrls[1];
+      if (!ngModelCtrl) return;
+
+      var selectCtrl = ctrls[0];
+
+      // We delegate rendering to the `writeValue` method, which can be changed
+      // if the select can have multiple selected values or if the options are being
+      // generated by `ngOptions`.
+      // This must be done in the postLink fn to prevent $render to be called before
+      // all nodes have been linked correctly.
+      ngModelCtrl.$render = function() {
+        selectCtrl.writeValue(ngModelCtrl.$viewValue);
+      };
+    }
 };
 
 
@@ -28185,32 +30159,23 @@ var selectDirective = function() {
 // of dynamically created (and destroyed) option elements to their containing select
 // directive via its controller.
 var optionDirective = ['$interpolate', function($interpolate) {
-
-  function chromeHack(optionElement) {
-    // Workaround for https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=381459
-    // Adding an <option selected="selected"> element to a <select required="required"> should
-    // automatically select the new element
-    if (optionElement[0].hasAttribute('selected')) {
-      optionElement[0].selected = true;
-    }
-  }
-
   return {
     restrict: 'E',
     priority: 100,
     compile: function(element, attr) {
-
-      // If the value attribute is not defined then we fall back to the
-      // text content of the option element, which may be interpolated
-      if (isUndefined(attr.value)) {
-        var interpolateFn = $interpolate(element.text(), true);
-        if (!interpolateFn) {
+      if (isDefined(attr.value)) {
+        // If the value attribute is defined, check if it contains an interpolation
+        var interpolateValueFn = $interpolate(attr.value, true);
+      } else {
+        // If the value attribute is not defined then we fall back to the
+        // text content of the option element, which may be interpolated
+        var interpolateTextFn = $interpolate(element.text(), true);
+        if (!interpolateTextFn) {
           attr.$set('value', element.text());
         }
       }
 
       return function(scope, element, attr) {
-
         // This is an optimization over using ^^ since we don't want to have to search
         // all the way to the root of the DOM for every single option element
         var selectCtrlName = '$selectController',
@@ -28218,30 +30183,8 @@ var optionDirective = ['$interpolate', function($interpolate) {
             selectCtrl = parent.data(selectCtrlName) ||
               parent.parent().data(selectCtrlName); // in case we are in optgroup
 
-        // Only update trigger option updates if this is an option within a `select`
-        // that also has `ngModel` attached
-        if (selectCtrl && selectCtrl.ngModelCtrl) {
-
-          if (interpolateFn) {
-            scope.$watch(interpolateFn, function interpolateWatchAction(newVal, oldVal) {
-              attr.$set('value', newVal);
-              if (oldVal !== newVal) {
-                selectCtrl.removeOption(oldVal);
-              }
-              selectCtrl.addOption(newVal, element);
-              selectCtrl.ngModelCtrl.$render();
-              chromeHack(element);
-            });
-          } else {
-            selectCtrl.addOption(attr.value, element);
-            selectCtrl.ngModelCtrl.$render();
-            chromeHack(element);
-          }
-
-          element.on('$destroy', function() {
-            selectCtrl.removeOption(attr.value);
-            selectCtrl.ngModelCtrl.$render();
-          });
+        if (selectCtrl) {
+          selectCtrl.registerOption(scope, element, attr, interpolateValueFn, interpolateTextFn);
         }
       };
     }
@@ -28253,6 +30196,64 @@ var styleDirective = valueFn({
   terminal: false
 });
 
+/**
+ * @ngdoc directive
+ * @name ngRequired
+ *
+ * @description
+ *
+ * ngRequired adds the required {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$validators `validator`} to {@link ngModel `ngModel`}.
+ * It is most often used for {@link input `input`} and {@link select `select`} controls, but can also be
+ * applied to custom controls.
+ *
+ * The directive sets the `required` attribute on the element if the Angular expression inside
+ * `ngRequired` evaluates to true. A special directive for setting `required` is necessary because we
+ * cannot use interpolation inside `required`. See the {@link guide/interpolation interpolation guide}
+ * for more info.
+ *
+ * The validator will set the `required` error key to true if the `required` attribute is set and
+ * calling {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$isEmpty `NgModelController.$isEmpty`} with the
+ * {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue `ngModel.$viewValue`} returns `true`. For example, the
+ * `$isEmpty()` implementation for `input[text]` checks the length of the `$viewValue`. When developing
+ * custom controls, `$isEmpty()` can be overwritten to account for a $viewValue that is not string-based.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * <example name="ngRequiredDirective" module="ngRequiredExample">
+ *   <file name="index.html">
+ *     <script>
+ *       angular.module('ngRequiredExample', [])
+ *         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *           $scope.required = true;
+ *         }]);
+ *     </script>
+ *     <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *       <form name="form">
+ *         <label for="required">Toggle required: </label>
+ *         <input type="checkbox" ng-model="required" id="required" />
+ *         <br>
+ *         <label for="input">This input must be filled if `required` is true: </label>
+ *         <input type="text" ng-model="model" id="input" name="input" ng-required="required" /><br>
+ *         <hr>
+ *         required error set? = <code>{{form.input.$error.required}}</code><br>
+ *         model = <code>{{model}}</code>
+ *       </form>
+ *     </div>
+ *   </file>
+ *   <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
+       var required = element(by.binding('form.input.$error.required'));
+       var model = element(by.binding('model'));
+       var input = element(by.id('input'));
+
+       it('should set the required error', function() {
+         expect(required.getText()).toContain('true');
+
+         input.sendKeys('123');
+         expect(required.getText()).not.toContain('true');
+         expect(model.getText()).toContain('123');
+       });
+ *   </file>
+ * </example>
+ */
 var requiredDirective = function() {
   return {
     restrict: 'A',
@@ -28272,7 +30273,81 @@ var requiredDirective = function() {
   };
 };
 
+/**
+ * @ngdoc directive
+ * @name ngPattern
+ *
+ * @description
+ *
+ * ngPattern adds the pattern {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$validators `validator`} to {@link ngModel `ngModel`}.
+ * It is most often used for text-based {@link input `input`} controls, but can also be applied to custom text-based controls.
+ *
+ * The validator sets the `pattern` error key if the {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue `ngModel.$viewValue`}
+ * does not match a RegExp which is obtained by evaluating the Angular expression given in the
+ * `ngPattern` attribute value:
+ * * If the expression evaluates to a RegExp object, then this is used directly.
+ * * If the expression evaluates to a string, then it will be converted to a RegExp after wrapping it
+ * in `^` and `$` characters. For instance, `"abc"` will be converted to `new RegExp('^abc$')`.
+ *
+ * <div class="alert alert-info">
+ * **Note:** Avoid using the `g` flag on the RegExp, as it will cause each successive search to
+ * start at the index of the last search's match, thus not taking the whole input value into
+ * account.
+ * </div>
+ *
+ * <div class="alert alert-info">
+ * **Note:** This directive is also added when the plain `pattern` attribute is used, with two
+ * differences:
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>
+ *     `ngPattern` does not set the `pattern` attribute and therefore HTML5 constraint validation is
+ *     not available.
+ *   </li>
+ *   <li>
+ *     The `ngPattern` attribute must be an expression, while the `pattern` value must be
+ *     interpolated.
+ *   </li>
+ * </ol>
+ * </div>
+ *
+ * @example
+ * <example name="ngPatternDirective" module="ngPatternExample">
+ *   <file name="index.html">
+ *     <script>
+ *       angular.module('ngPatternExample', [])
+ *         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *           $scope.regex = '\\d+';
+ *         }]);
+ *     </script>
+ *     <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *       <form name="form">
+ *         <label for="regex">Set a pattern (regex string): </label>
+ *         <input type="text" ng-model="regex" id="regex" />
+ *         <br>
+ *         <label for="input">This input is restricted by the current pattern: </label>
+ *         <input type="text" ng-model="model" id="input" name="input" ng-pattern="regex" /><br>
+ *         <hr>
+ *         input valid? = <code>{{form.input.$valid}}</code><br>
+ *         model = <code>{{model}}</code>
+ *       </form>
+ *     </div>
+ *   </file>
+ *   <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
+       var model = element(by.binding('model'));
+       var input = element(by.id('input'));
+
+       it('should validate the input with the default pattern', function() {
+         input.sendKeys('aaa');
+         expect(model.getText()).not.toContain('aaa');
 
+         input.clear().then(function() {
+           input.sendKeys('123');
+           expect(model.getText()).toContain('123');
+         });
+       });
+ *   </file>
+ * </example>
+ */
 var patternDirective = function() {
   return {
     restrict: 'A',
@@ -28296,14 +30371,80 @@ var patternDirective = function() {
         ctrl.$validate();
       });
 
-      ctrl.$validators.pattern = function(value) {
-        return ctrl.$isEmpty(value) || isUndefined(regexp) || regexp.test(value);
+      ctrl.$validators.pattern = function(modelValue, viewValue) {
+        // HTML5 pattern constraint validates the input value, so we validate the viewValue
+        return ctrl.$isEmpty(viewValue) || isUndefined(regexp) || regexp.test(viewValue);
       };
     }
   };
 };
 
+/**
+ * @ngdoc directive
+ * @name ngMaxlength
+ *
+ * @description
+ *
+ * ngMaxlength adds the maxlength {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$validators `validator`} to {@link ngModel `ngModel`}.
+ * It is most often used for text-based {@link input `input`} controls, but can also be applied to custom text-based controls.
+ *
+ * The validator sets the `maxlength` error key if the {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue `ngModel.$viewValue`}
+ * is longer than the integer obtained by evaluating the Angular expression given in the
+ * `ngMaxlength` attribute value.
+ *
+ * <div class="alert alert-info">
+ * **Note:** This directive is also added when the plain `maxlength` attribute is used, with two
+ * differences:
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>
+ *     `ngMaxlength` does not set the `maxlength` attribute and therefore HTML5 constraint
+ *     validation is not available.
+ *   </li>
+ *   <li>
+ *     The `ngMaxlength` attribute must be an expression, while the `maxlength` value must be
+ *     interpolated.
+ *   </li>
+ * </ol>
+ * </div>
+ *
+ * @example
+ * <example name="ngMaxlengthDirective" module="ngMaxlengthExample">
+ *   <file name="index.html">
+ *     <script>
+ *       angular.module('ngMaxlengthExample', [])
+ *         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *           $scope.maxlength = 5;
+ *         }]);
+ *     </script>
+ *     <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *       <form name="form">
+ *         <label for="maxlength">Set a maxlength: </label>
+ *         <input type="number" ng-model="maxlength" id="maxlength" />
+ *         <br>
+ *         <label for="input">This input is restricted by the current maxlength: </label>
+ *         <input type="text" ng-model="model" id="input" name="input" ng-maxlength="maxlength" /><br>
+ *         <hr>
+ *         input valid? = <code>{{form.input.$valid}}</code><br>
+ *         model = <code>{{model}}</code>
+ *       </form>
+ *     </div>
+ *   </file>
+ *   <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
+       var model = element(by.binding('model'));
+       var input = element(by.id('input'));
 
+       it('should validate the input with the default maxlength', function() {
+         input.sendKeys('abcdef');
+         expect(model.getText()).not.toContain('abcdef');
+
+         input.clear().then(function() {
+           input.sendKeys('abcde');
+           expect(model.getText()).toContain('abcde');
+         });
+       });
+ *   </file>
+ * </example>
+ */
 var maxlengthDirective = function() {
   return {
     restrict: 'A',
@@ -28324,6 +30465,70 @@ var maxlengthDirective = function() {
   };
 };
 
+/**
+ * @ngdoc directive
+ * @name ngMinlength
+ *
+ * @description
+ *
+ * ngMinlength adds the minlength {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$validators `validator`} to {@link ngModel `ngModel`}.
+ * It is most often used for text-based {@link input `input`} controls, but can also be applied to custom text-based controls.
+ *
+ * The validator sets the `minlength` error key if the {@link ngModel.NgModelController#$viewValue `ngModel.$viewValue`}
+ * is shorter than the integer obtained by evaluating the Angular expression given in the
+ * `ngMinlength` attribute value.
+ *
+ * <div class="alert alert-info">
+ * **Note:** This directive is also added when the plain `minlength` attribute is used, with two
+ * differences:
+ * <ol>
+ *   <li>
+ *     `ngMinlength` does not set the `minlength` attribute and therefore HTML5 constraint
+ *     validation is not available.
+ *   </li>
+ *   <li>
+ *     The `ngMinlength` value must be an expression, while the `minlength` value must be
+ *     interpolated.
+ *   </li>
+ * </ol>
+ * </div>
+ *
+ * @example
+ * <example name="ngMinlengthDirective" module="ngMinlengthExample">
+ *   <file name="index.html">
+ *     <script>
+ *       angular.module('ngMinlengthExample', [])
+ *         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
+ *           $scope.minlength = 3;
+ *         }]);
+ *     </script>
+ *     <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
+ *       <form name="form">
+ *         <label for="minlength">Set a minlength: </label>
+ *         <input type="number" ng-model="minlength" id="minlength" />
+ *         <br>
+ *         <label for="input">This input is restricted by the current minlength: </label>
+ *         <input type="text" ng-model="model" id="input" name="input" ng-minlength="minlength" /><br>
+ *         <hr>
+ *         input valid? = <code>{{form.input.$valid}}</code><br>
+ *         model = <code>{{model}}</code>
+ *       </form>
+ *     </div>
+ *   </file>
+ *   <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
+       var model = element(by.binding('model'));
+       var input = element(by.id('input'));
+
+       it('should validate the input with the default minlength', function() {
+         input.sendKeys('ab');
+         expect(model.getText()).not.toContain('ab');
+
+         input.sendKeys('abc');
+         expect(model.getText()).toContain('abc');
+       });
+ *   </file>
+ * </example>
+ */
 var minlengthDirective = function() {
   return {
     restrict: 'A',
@@ -28343,17 +30548,162 @@ var minlengthDirective = function() {
   };
 };
 
-  if (window.angular.bootstrap) {
-    //AngularJS is already loaded, so we can return here...
+if (window.angular.bootstrap) {
+  //AngularJS is already loaded, so we can return here...
+  if (window.console) {
     console.log('WARNING: Tried to load angular more than once.');
-    return;
   }
+  return;
+}
+
+//try to bind to jquery now so that one can write jqLite(document).ready()
+//but we will rebind on bootstrap again.
+bindJQuery();
 
-  //try to bind to jquery now so that one can write jqLite(document).ready()
-  //but we will rebind on bootstrap again.
-  bindJQuery();
+publishExternalAPI(angular);
 
-  publishExternalAPI(angular);
+angular.module("ngLocale", [], ["$provide", function($provide) {
+var PLURAL_CATEGORY = {ZERO: "zero", ONE: "one", TWO: "two", FEW: "few", MANY: "many", OTHER: "other"};
+function getDecimals(n) {
+  n = n + '';
+  var i = n.indexOf('.');
+  return (i == -1) ? 0 : n.length - i - 1;
+}
+
+function getVF(n, opt_precision) {
+  var v = opt_precision;
+
+  if (undefined === v) {
+    v = Math.min(getDecimals(n), 3);
+  }
+
+  var base = Math.pow(10, v);
+  var f = ((n * base) | 0) % base;
+  return {v: v, f: f};
+}
+
+$provide.value("$locale", {
+  "DATETIME_FORMATS": {
+    "AMPMS": [
+      "AM",
+      "PM"
+    ],
+    "DAY": [
+      "Sunday",
+      "Monday",
+      "Tuesday",
+      "Wednesday",
+      "Thursday",
+      "Friday",
+      "Saturday"
+    ],
+    "ERANAMES": [
+      "Before Christ",
+      "Anno Domini"
+    ],
+    "ERAS": [
+      "BC",
+      "AD"
+    ],
+    "FIRSTDAYOFWEEK": 6,
+    "MONTH": [
+      "January",
+      "February",
+      "March",
+      "April",
+      "May",
+      "June",
+      "July",
+      "August",
+      "September",
+      "October",
+      "November",
+      "December"
+    ],
+    "SHORTDAY": [
+      "Sun",
+      "Mon",
+      "Tue",
+      "Wed",
+      "Thu",
+      "Fri",
+      "Sat"
+    ],
+    "SHORTMONTH": [
+      "Jan",
+      "Feb",
+      "Mar",
+      "Apr",
+      "May",
+      "Jun",
+      "Jul",
+      "Aug",
+      "Sep",
+      "Oct",
+      "Nov",
+      "Dec"
+    ],
+    "STANDALONEMONTH": [
+      "January",
+      "February",
+      "March",
+      "April",
+      "May",
+      "June",
+      "July",
+      "August",
+      "September",
+      "October",
+      "November",
+      "December"
+    ],
+    "WEEKENDRANGE": [
+      5,
+      6
+    ],
+    "fullDate": "EEEE, MMMM d, y",
+    "longDate": "MMMM d, y",
+    "medium": "MMM d, y h:mm:ss a",
+    "mediumDate": "MMM d, y",
+    "mediumTime": "h:mm:ss a",
+    "short": "M/d/yy h:mm a",
+    "shortDate": "M/d/yy",
+    "shortTime": "h:mm a"
+  },
+  "NUMBER_FORMATS": {
+    "CURRENCY_SYM": "$",
+    "DECIMAL_SEP": ".",
+    "GROUP_SEP": ",",
+    "PATTERNS": [
+      {
+        "gSize": 3,
+        "lgSize": 3,
+        "maxFrac": 3,
+        "minFrac": 0,
+        "minInt": 1,
+        "negPre": "-",
+        "negSuf": "",
+        "posPre": "",
+        "posSuf": ""
+      },
+      {
+        "gSize": 3,
+        "lgSize": 3,
+        "maxFrac": 2,
+        "minFrac": 2,
+        "minInt": 1,
+        "negPre": "-\u00a4",
+        "negSuf": "",
+        "posPre": "\u00a4",
+        "posSuf": ""
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "id": "en-us",
+  "localeID": "en_US",
+  "pluralCat": function(n, opt_precision) {  var i = n | 0;  var vf = getVF(n, opt_precision);  if (i == 1 && vf.v == 0) {    return PLURAL_CATEGORY.ONE;  }  return PLURAL_CATEGORY.OTHER;}
+});
+}]);
 
   jqLite(document).ready(function() {
     angularInit(document, bootstrap);
@@ -28361,4 +30711,4 @@ var minlengthDirective = function() {
 
 })(window, document);
 
-!window.angular.$$csp() && window.angular.element(document.head).prepend('<style type="text/css">@charset "UTF-8";[ng\\:cloak],[ng-cloak],[data-ng-cloak],[x-ng-cloak],.ng-cloak,.x-ng-cloak,.ng-hide:not(.ng-hide-animate){display:none !important;}ng\\:form{display:block;}.ng-animate-shim{visibility:hidden;}.ng-anchor{position:absolute;}</style>');
\ No newline at end of file
+!window.angular.$$csp().noInlineStyle && window.angular.element(document.head).prepend('<style type="text/css">@charset "UTF-8";[ng\\:cloak],[ng-cloak],[data-ng-cloak],[x-ng-cloak],.ng-cloak,.x-ng-cloak,.ng-hide:not(.ng-hide-animate){display:none !important;}ng\\:form{display:block;}.ng-animate-shim{visibility:hidden;}.ng-anchor{position:absolute;}</style>');
\ No newline at end of file
-- 
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